Turkey, Texas

{{Infobox settlement |official_name = Turkey, Texas |settlement_type = City |nickname = |motto =

|unit_pref = Imperial |area_footnotes = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019">{{cite web|title=2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_48.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=August 7, 2020}}</ref> |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = 2.12 |area_land_km2 = 2.12 |area_water_km2 = 0.00 |area_total_sq_mi = 0.82 |area_land_sq_mi = 0.82 |area_water_sq_mi = 0.00

|timezone = Central (CST) |utc_offset = -6 |timezone_DST = CDT |utc_offset_DST = -5 |elevation_footnotes = <ref name=gnis/> |elevation_ft = 2346 |coordinates = {{coord|34|23|38|N|100|53|43|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}} |postal_code_type = ZIP code |postal_code = 79261 |area_code = 806 |blank_name = FIPS code |blank_info = 48-73964<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=January 31, 2008|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref> |blank1_name = GNIS feature ID |blank1_info = 2412113<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2412113}}</ref> |website = |footnotes = }} '''Turkey''' is a city in Hall County, Texas, United States. The population was 317 at the 2020 census, down from 421 at the 2000 census.

==Geography== Turkey is located in southwestern Hall County. Texas State Highway 70 runs through the east side of the city as 9th Street, leading north {{convert|42|mi}} to Clarendon and south {{convert|28|mi}} to Matador. Texas State Highway 86 runs through the center of Turkey as Main Street, leading east {{convert|30|mi}} to Estelline and west {{convert|53|mi}} to Tulia.

According to the United States Census Bureau, Turkey has a total area of {{convert|2.1|km2|order=flip}}, all land.<ref name="Census 2010">{{Cite web| url=https://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/G001/1600000US4873964| title=Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Census Summary File 1 (G001): Turkey city, Texas| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau| work=American Factfinder| accessdate=February 2, 2018| archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213092719/https://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/G001/1600000US4873964| archive-date=February 13, 2020| url-status=dead}}</ref>

Several of the state's largest ranches are near the town.<ref name=Wallace/>

===Climate=== According to the Köppen climate classification system, Turkey has a semiarid climate, ''BSk'' on climate maps.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=191914&cityname=Turkey,+Texas,+United+States+of+America&units=|title=Turkey, Texas Köppen Climate Classification (Weatherbase)|website=Weatherbase}}</ref>

{{Weather box | width = auto | collapsed = yes | single line = yes | location = Turkey, Texas (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1964–present) | Jan record high F = 85 | Feb record high F = 96 | Mar record high F = 100 | Apr record high F = 109 | May record high F = 107 | Jun record high F = 116 | Jul record high F = 117 | Aug record high F = 112 | Sep record high F = 108 | Oct record high F = 106 | Nov record high F = 92 | Dec record high F = 87 | year record high F =

| Jan record low F = -1 | Feb record low F = -2 | Mar record low F = 7 | Apr record low F = 22 | May record low F = 29 | Jun record low F = 45 | Jul record low F = 53 | Aug record low F = 50 | Sep record low F = 35 | Oct record low F = 18 | Nov record low F = 11 | Dec record low F = -3 | year record low F = | precipitation colour = green | Jan precipitation inch = 0.93 | Feb precipitation inch = 0.99 | Mar precipitation inch = 1.64 | Apr precipitation inch = 2.51 | May precipitation inch = 3.28 | Jun precipitation inch = 3.91 | Jul precipitation inch = 2.44 | Aug precipitation inch = 2.57 | Sep precipitation inch = 2.87 | Oct precipitation inch = 1.92 | Nov precipitation inch = 1.07 | Dec precipitation inch = 0.89 | year precipitation inch = 25.02 | unit precipitation days = 0.01 in | Jan precipitation days = 2.8 | Feb precipitation days = 3.4 | Mar precipitation days = 4.1 | Apr precipitation days = 4.2 | May precipitation days = 6.7 | Jun precipitation days = 6.4 | Jul precipitation days = 4.7 | Aug precipitation days = 5.3 | Sep precipitation days = 5.2 | Oct precipitation days = 4.3 | Nov precipitation days = 2.9 | Dec precipitation days = 3.1 | year precipitation days = 53.1 | Jan snow inch = 2.0 | Feb snow inch = 1.6 | Mar snow inch = 0.7 | Apr snow inch = 0.1 | May snow inch = 0.0 | Jun snow inch = 0.0 | Jul snow inch = 0.0 | Aug snow inch = 0.0 | Sep snow inch = 0.0 | Oct snow inch = 0.1 | Nov snow inch = 0.7 | Dec snow inch = 1.5 | year snow inch = 6.7 | unit snow days = 0.1 in | Jan snow days = 0.8 | Feb snow days = 0.9 | Mar snow days = 0.4 | Apr snow days = 0.1 | May snow days = 0.0 | Jun snow days = 0.0 | Jul snow days = 0.0 | Aug snow days = 0.0 | Sep snow days = 0.0 | Oct snow days = 0.2 | Nov snow days = 0.5 | Dec snow days = 0.8 | year snow days = 3.7 | source = NOAA<ref name="NOWData">{{cite web |url = https://www.weather.gov/wrh/Climate?wfo=lub |title = NOWData – NOAA Online Weather Data |publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |access-date = December 31, 2023}}</ref><ref name="NCEI">{{cite web |url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&stations=USC00419191&format=pdf&dataTypes=MLY-TMAX-NORMAL,MLY-TMIN-NORMAL,MLY-TAVG-NORMAL,MLY-PRCP-NORMAL,MLY-SNOW-NORMAL |title = Summary of Monthly Normals 1991–2020 |publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |access-date = December 31, 2023}}</ref> }}

==History== Turkey was platted (formal surveyed property lots, streets, etc. defined and mapped) in 1907.

The Bob Wills Festival, named in honor of western swing legend Bob Wills (who grew up in Turkey) has been held annually since 1972, featuring western swing and country music performances ranging from notable bands at the dance hall to impromptu jam sessions around town. The festival drew 10,000 people in 2022.<ref name=Wallace>{{cite web |url=https://www.texasmonthly.com/travel/turkey-bob-wills-still-king/ |title=A Trip to Turkey, Texas, Where Western Swing Is Still King |author=Christian Wallace |date=May 20, 2022 |work=Texas Monthly |accessdate=September 23, 2024}}</ref>

In November 2011, animal rights organization PETA petitioned the town to temporarily change its name to "Tofurky".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.texasmonthly.com/food/peta-wants-turkey-tx-to-change-its-name-to-tofurky/|title=PETA Wants Turkey, TX, to Change Its Name to "Tofurky"|date=November 15, 2011|website=Texas Monthly}}</ref>

===Notable buildings=== thumb|Restored 1928 Phillips 66 service station, the first Phillips 66 service station built in Texas The first Phillips 66 service station built in Texas opened on July 27, 1928, on the corner of 5th Street and Main in Turkey, Texas.<ref>Turkey ''Enterprise'' Newspaper, July 26, 1928</ref> In January 2019, this service station was recognized by the Texas Historical Commission as a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark and a marker dedication ceremony to unveil the state historical marker was planned to take place at the service station in April 2020.<ref name="ReferenceA">January 25, 2019, Texas Historical Commission email correspondence from Lynnette Cen to Historical Marker sponsor Michael Goldsby</ref>{{Citation needed|date=April 2019}}

The Hotel Turkey opened in 1927.<ref name=carmack>Carmack, Liz. [http://www.historictexashotels.com ''Historic Hotels of Texas''] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090310124150/http://historictexashotels.com/ |date=2009-03-10 }}, Texas A&M University Press: College Station, Texas, 2007. pp 129-131.</ref> The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on October 24, 1991. The hotel traditionally hosts the musicians who come to Turkey for the annual Bob Wills Festival held over several days centered on the last Saturday in April.<ref name=Wallace/>

thumb|Turkey city limits The Bob Wills Museum is located in Turkey, in the old elementary school.<ref name=Wallace/>

A monument at the city limits of Turkey honors Wills.

==Demographics== {{US Census population |1930= 975 |1940= 930 |1950= 1005 |1960= 813 |1970= 680 |1980= 644 |1990= 507 |2000= 494 |2010= 421 |2020= 317 |footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|accessdate=June 4, 2015}}</ref> | align = right | align-fn = center }}

===2020 census===

As of the 2020 census, Turkey had a population of 317 and a median age of 49.2 years. 19.2% of residents were under the age of 18 and 24.6% were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 98.1 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 95.4 males.<ref name="Census2020DP">{{cite web|title=2020 Decennial Census Demographic Profile (DP1)|url=https://api.census.gov/data/2020/dec/dp?get=NAME%2CDP1_0021P%2CDP1_0024P%2CDP1_0025C%2CDP1_0049C%2CDP1_0045C%2CDP1_0069C%2CDP1_0073C%2CDP1_0125P%2CDP1_0126P%2CDP1_0129P%2CDP1_0133P%2CDP1_0137P%2CDP1_0138P%2CDP1_0139P%2CDP1_0141P%2CDP1_0142P%2CDP1_0143P%2CDP1_0145P%2CDP1_0146P%2CDP1_0147C%2CDP1_0148C%2CDP1_0149C%2CDP1_0156C%2CDP1_0157C%2CDP1_0158C%2CDP1_0159P%2CDP1_0160P&for=place%3A73964&in=state%3A48|website=United States Census Bureau|year=2021|access-date=February 19, 2026|df=mdy}}</ref>

There were 144 households in Turkey, of which 24.3% had children under the age of 18 living in them. Of all households, 50.0% were married-couple households, 18.8% were households with a male householder and no spouse or partner present, and 27.8% were households with a female householder and no spouse or partner present. About 32.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 18.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.<ref name="Census2020DP"/>

There were 233 housing units, of which 38.2% were vacant. The homeowner vacancy rate was 5.9% and the rental vacancy rate was 4.5%.<ref name="Census2020DP"/>

0.0% of residents lived in urban areas, while 100.0% lived in rural areas.<ref name="Census2020DHC">{{cite web|title=2020 Decennial Census Demographic and Housing Characteristics (DHC)|url=https://api.census.gov/data/2020/dec/dhc?get=NAME%2CP2_002N%2CP2_003N&for=place%3A73964&in=state%3A48|website=United States Census Bureau|year=2023|access-date=February 19, 2026|df=mdy}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" |+ Racial composition as of the 2020 census<ref name="Census2020PL">{{cite web|title=2020 Decennial Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171)|url=https://api.census.gov/data/2020/dec/pl?get=NAME%2CP1_001N%2CP1_003N%2CP1_004N%2CP1_005N%2CP1_006N%2CP1_007N%2CP1_008N%2CP1_009N%2CP2_001N%2CP2_002N%2CH1_001N%2CH1_002N&for=place%3A73964&in=state%3A48|website=United States Census Bureau|year=2021|access-date=February 19, 2026|df=mdy}}</ref> ! Race !! Number !! Percent |- | White || 247 || 77.9% |- | Black or African American || 6 || 1.9% |- | American Indian and Alaska Native || 0 || 0.0% |- | Asian || 0 || 0.0% |- | Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander || 0 || 0.0% |- | Some other race || 40 || 12.6% |- | Two or more races || 24 || 7.6% |- | ''Hispanic or Latino (of any race)'' || 85 || 26.8% |}

===2000 census=== As of the census<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000, 494 people, 207 households, and 127 families resided in the city. The population density was {{convert|598.9|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The 274 housing units averaged 332.2 per square mile (129.0/km{{sup|2}}). The racial makeup of the city was 71.86% European-American, 5.67% black, 0.40% Native American, 0.40% Asian, 21.26% from other races, and 0.40% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 31.17% of the population.

Of the 207 households, 28.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.6% were married couples living together, 4.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.6% were not families; 36.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 22.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 3.20.

In the city, the population was distributed as 28.3% under the age of 18, 6.1% from 18 to 24, 21.9% from 25 to 44, 20.6% from 45 to 64, and 23.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.4 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $19,833, and for a family was $24,423. Males had a median income of $20,125 versus $21,250 for females. The per capita income for the city was $9,809. About 28.4% of families and 32.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 42.5% of those under age 18 and 22.4% of those age 65 or over. ==Notable people== * Joe Barnhill, country music singer-songwriter * Amarillo Slim, professional gambler * Bob Wills, western swing founder, grew up in Turkey<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.texasmonthly.com/articles/bob-wills/ |title=Bob Wills |author=Anne Dingus |date=March 1999 |work=Texas Monthly |accessdate=September 23, 2024}}</ref>

==Education== The city is served by the Turkey-Quitaque Independent School District.

Hall County is in the service area of Clarendon College.<ref>[https://statutes.capitol.texas.gov/Docs/ED/htm/ED.130.htm Texas Education Code, Sec. 130.173. CLARENDON COLLEGE DISTRICT SERVICE AREA. ]</ref>

==References== {{reflist}} {{notelist}}

==External links== * [http://www.rootsweb.com/~txhall Hall County TXGenWeb] * [https://bobwillsday.com/ Bob Wills Day website]

Category:Cities in Hall County, Texas Category:Cities in Texas