Tungir

{{Short description|River in East Siberia}} {{Infobox river | name = Tungir | other_name = Shiroky Brook | native_name = | native_name_lang = | image = Tungir ONCt E-8.jpg | image_caption = Course of the Tungir | source1 = Tungir Range<br>Olyokma-Stanovik Highlands | source1_coordinates = {{coord|54|06|56|N|118|34|40|E|source:wikidata-and-enwiki-cat-tree_region:RU}} | source1_elevation = {{convert|1200|m|abbr=on}} | mouth = Olyokma | mouth_elevation = {{convert|501|m|abbr=on}} | mouth_location = Near Srednyaya Olyokma | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|55|24|45|N|120|33|50|E|region:RU-BU_type:river|display=it}} | progression = Olyokma→ {{RLena}} | subdivision_type1 = Country | subdivision_name1 = Russia | subdivision_type2 = Federal subject | subdivision_name2 = Zabaykalsky Krai | length = {{convert|500|km|abbr=on}} | discharge1_avg = {{convert|90|m3/s|cuft/s|abbr=on}} | basin_size = {{convert|14700|km2|abbr=on}} | pushpin_map = Russia Zabaykalsky Krai | pushpin_map_size = | pushpin_map_caption= Mouth location in Transbaikalia, Russia }}

The '''Tungir''' ({{langx|ru|Тунгир}}) is a river in Transbaikalia, East Siberia, Russian Federation. It is the third largest tributary of the Olyokma in terms of length and area of its basin. The river is {{convert|500|km}} long and has a drainage basin of {{convert|14700|km2}}. The Tungir is known as the '''Shiroky Brook''' (ручей Широкий) in its uppermost stretch. Almost all of its basin is in the Olyokma-Stanovik Highlands area.<ref name="GЕ"/><ref name=gvr>{{GVR|241610|Ручьи Тунгир (руч. Широкий)}}</ref>

The river is a destination for rafting and tourism. There are two settlements by the river, Tupik and Gulya.<ref name="ЭСБЕ">[https://bse.sci-lib.com/article112791.html Тунгир] / ''Great Soviet Encyclopedia:'' in 30 vols. / Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov. - 3rd ed. - M. Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969-1978.</ref><ref name=WR>[https://water-rf.ru/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8B/1848/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%80 Тунгир - Water of Russia]</ref>

==History== Yerofey Khabarov used this river's route to travel with his Cossacks from the Lena to the Amur during his mid-17th century expeditions. In the spring of 1649 Khabarov set off at his own expense up the Olyokma, then up the Tungir and portaged to the Shilka, reaching the upper Amur (Dauria) in early 1650. Khabarov founded the village of Srednyaya Olyokma, located at the confluence of the Olyokma and the Tungir.<ref name=KNAB>{{cite web|url=https://www.eki.ee/knab/p_mm_en.htm |title=KNAB, the Place Names Database of EKI |publisher=Eki.ee |access-date=2013-01-01}}</ref> ==Course==

The Tungir is a right tributary of the Olyokma, of the Lena basin. Its source is in Zabaykalsky Krai, in the northeastern slopes of the Tungir Range of the Olyokma-Stanovik Highlands. It flows roughly northeastwards with the Tungir Range on the northwestern side and the Gula Range on the southeastern. In the area of the confluence with the Cheryomnaya it forms the famous rapids of the ''Magyarskiy Perekat''.<ref name="ЭСБЕ"/><ref name="GЕ">Google Earth</ref> Further downstream, after the confluence with the Bugarikhta, the river flows into a narrow valley in a NNW direction and its speed increases, then after Gulya it slows down along a wide intermontane basin. Finally it meets the right bank of the Olyokma {{convert|905|km|mi|abbr=on}} from its mouth in the Lena, near the village of Srednyaya Olyokma.<ref name=WR/>

Its main tributaries are the {{convert|74|km|mi|abbr=on}} long Tungirikan, the {{convert|125|km|mi|abbr=on}} long Nenyuga, the {{convert|78|km|mi|abbr=on}} long Cheremnaya (Черемная) and the {{convert|78|km|mi|abbr=on}} long Bugarikhta from the right, and the {{convert|73|km|mi|abbr=on}} long Upper Korsuga from the left.<ref name=gvr/> The river freezes towards the end of October and stays under ice until late April or early May. Some years the river may cause catastrophic summer floods caused by rain.<ref name=WR/>

{| |- valign="top" |thumb|250px|Olyokma basin. |}

==References== {{Reflist}}

Category:Rivers of Amur Oblast Category:Rivers of Zabaykalsky Krai Category:Tungiro-Olyokminsky District