{{short description|City in Sumy Oblast, Ukraine}} {{For|the Nazi extermination site in Minsk, Belarus|Maly Trostenets}} {{redirect|Trostianets|for other uses|Trostianets (disambiguation)}} {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2025}} {{Infobox settlement | settlement_type = City | image_skyline = Trostyanets'_Sadybniy_Komleks_Sadyba_Keniga_Golovniy_Budynok_01_Myru_14...16...20_(YDS_7766).JPG | imagesize = 270px | image_caption = Manor of the Nadarzhinsky-Golitsyns | subdivision_type = Country | official_name = Trostyanets | native_name = {{lang|uk|Тростянець}} | subdivision_name = {{UKR}} | image_shield = Trostyanets_gerb.png | image_flag = Trostyanec1_h.gif | subdivision_type1 = Oblast | subdivision_type2 = Raion | subdivision_name1 = Sumy Oblast | subdivision_name2 = Okhtyrka Raion | parts_type = Control | parts_style = para | p1 = | population_total = 19544 | population_as_of = 2022 | area_total_km2 = 23.8 | established_date = 1660 | established_title = Founded | elevation_m = 122 | timezone = EET | utc_offset = +2 | timezone_DST = EEST | utc_offset_DST = +3 | coordinates = {{coord|50|28|N|34|57|E|display=inline,title|type:city_source:ruwiki}} | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = {{ill|Yuri Bova|uk|Бова Юрій Анатолійович}} (Power of the People) | website = [https://trostyanets-miskrada.gov.ua Official website] | pushpin_map = Ukraine Sumy Oblast#Ukraine | postal_code_type = Postal codes | postal_code = 42600-42615 | area_code = +380 5458 | subdivision_type3 = Hromada | subdivision_name3 = Trostyanets urban hromada }}
'''Trostyanets''' or '''Trostianets''' ({{langx|uk|Тростянець}}, {{IPA|uk|trosʲtʲɐˈnɛtsʲ|pron|audio=LL-Q8798 (ukr)-Gzhegozh-Тростянець.wav}}; {{langx|ru|Тростянец}}) is a city in Okhtyrka Raion of Sumy Oblast of northeastern Ukraine. It was the administrative center of Trostyanets Raion until it was abolished on 18 July 2020. The city lies on the Boromlya River, {{convert|59|km|0|abbr=on}} from Sumy. Landmarks include a neo-Gothic "Round Courtyard" (1749), the late Baroque Church of the Annunciation (1744–1750), the 18th-century Galitzine Palace, and the "Grotto of the Nymphs" (an 1809 centenary memorial to the Battle of Poltava). The city has a population of {{Ua-pop-est2022|19,544|punct=.}}
Many were killed and the city was badly damaged during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.
==History== thumb|left|Round Courtyard Trostyanets arose in the first half of the 17th century, during a new wave of migration of peasants and Cossacks from the Right-bank Ukraine to Sloboda Ukraine. The migration was caused by defeat of Ukrainian forces at the Battle of Berestechko in 1651 by the Crown of Poland forces.
The name of the city is associated with the name of the river Trostyanka, which flows nearby.
Until 1765, Trostyanets was under the jurisdiction of the Okhtyrka Regiment, then part of Sloboda Ukraine. From 1835 Trostyanets was a part of Kharkov Governorate of the Russian Empire situated within the Akhtyrka Uyezd.
During 1864, the composer Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky stayed at a villa in Trostyanets when composing his overture ''The Storm''.<ref name=tchai>{{cite web | url=https://www.classicfm.com/composers/tchaikovsky/trostyanets-destroyed-russian-army-ukraine/ | title=Tchaikovsky's house destroyed by Russian army in north-east Ukraine }}</ref>
From 1868 to 1874 the estate was owned by a St. Petersburg merchant. In 1874, Trostyanets was acquired by the great sugar producer Leopold Koenig. The last owner of the estate until 1917 was his son Julius.
In 1877, by order of the Russian Minister of Railways, the Smorodyne locomotive depot was built in Trostyanets and 12 steam locomotives were purchased.
A local newspaper began to be published in Trostyanets in 1930,<ref>№ 3108. Ленинским путём // Летопись периодических и продолжающихся изданий СССР 1986—1990. Часть 2. Газеты. М., «Книжная палата», 1994. стр.406</ref> and in the city{{clarify|date=March 2022}} after 1940.<ref name=autogenerated1>Тростянец // Большая Советская Энциклопедия. / под ред. А. М. Прохорова. 3-е изд. том 26. М., «Советская энциклопедия», 1977.</ref><ref name=autogenerated2>Тростянец // Большой энциклопедический словарь (в 2-х тт.). / редколл., гл. ред. А. М. Прохоров. том 2. М., "Советская энциклопедия", 1991.</ref>
On 12 July 1940, Trostyanets was granted administrative status as a city. During World War II, the city was occupied by Axis troops from October 1941 to August 1943. In January 1989 the population was 25,706 people.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/sng89_reg2.php |title=Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность городского населения союзных республик, их территориальных единиц, городских поселений и городских районов по полу |access-date=2022-03-27 |archive-date=2012-01-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120118160411/http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/sng89_reg2.php |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=autogenerated2 />
===2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine=== {{See also|Russian occupation of Sumy Oblast#Trostianets}} thumb|left|The consequences of the battles During the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Trostyanets – strategically located between the larger settlements of Sumy and Kharkiv – was attacked by Russian forces shortly after the invasion was launched on 24 February<ref>{{cite news |title=Ukraine says it retook captured town near Russian border |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/ukraine-says-it-retook-captured-town-near-russian-border/ |access-date=27 March 2022 |work=Times of Israel |date=27 March 2022 |archive-date=26 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326194833/https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/ukraine-says-it-retook-captured-town-near-russian-border/ |url-status=live }}</ref> and was captured by them on 1 March 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Російські війська повністю зайняли Тростянець: створили «штаб» та розбили всі дороги — глава Сумської ОДА |url=https://nv.ua/ukr/ukraine/events/trostyanec-okupanti-povnistyu-zaynyali-misto-v-sumskiy-oblasti-novini-ukrajini-50221459.html |access-date=2022-03-16 |website=HB |language=uk |archive-date=2022-03-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220322120653/https://nv.ua/ukr/ukraine/events/trostyanec-okupanti-povnistyu-zaynyali-misto-v-sumskiy-oblasti-novini-ukrajini-50221459.html |url-status=live }}</ref> On 4 March 2022, an unfolding humanitarian catastrophe was reported by local authorities.{{clarify|date=March 2022}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Окупанти розмістили техніку на вокзалі й не дають поховати померлих: у Тростянці гуманітарна катастрофа |url=https://novyny.live/accident/okkupanty-razmestili-tekhniku-na-vokzale-i-ne-daiut-pokhoronit-umershikh-v-trostiantse-gumanitarnaia-katastrofa-41649.html |website=novyny.live |date=4 March 2022 |language=uk |access-date=27 March 2022 |archive-date=4 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220304190830/https://novyny.live/accident/okkupanty-razmestili-tekhniku-na-vokzale-i-ne-daiut-pokhoronit-umershikh-v-trostiantse-gumanitarnaia-katastrofa-41649.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Trostyanets was liberated by the Ukrainian 93rd Mechanized Brigade on 26 March. The city suffered major damage to its infrastructure during the fighting and a Ukrainian official said that the retreating Russian troops had mined a local hospital.<ref>{{cite news |title=Russians plant mines in hospital before retreating from Trostianets |url=https://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-ato/3440997-russians-plant-mines-in-hospital-before-retreating-from-trostianets.html |access-date=27 March 2022 |agency=Ukrinform |date=27 March 2022 |language=en |archive-date=27 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220327044659/https://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-ato/3440997-russians-plant-mines-in-hospital-before-retreating-from-trostianets.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The villa Tchaikovsky had stayed in was among buildings destroyed by the Russian troops.<ref name=tchai/>
The regional prosecutor's office in Sumy opened an investigation over evidence that Russian troops had thrown hand grenades at civilians protesting the Russian occupation of Trostyanets on 18 March.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-28 |title= Stalingrad tank division destroyed as key town retaken |url=https://www.afr.com/world/europe/zelensky-accuses-west-of-cowardice-20220328-p5a8gd |access-date=2022-03-26 |website=charter97}}</ref>
After the city had been liberated, the British newspaper ''The Guardian'' found evidence of executions, torture and looting.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/apr/05/barbarians-russian-troops-leave-grisly-mark-on-ukraine-town-of-trostianets "'Barbarians': Russian troops leave grisly mark on town of Trostianets"], The Guardian, 5 April 2022</ref>
thumb|A forestry research station, located in a building built 1911 which is an architectural monument of national significance During the fighting and shelling, the Krasnotrostyanets forest experimental station, located in the house of the manager of the estates of Leopold Koenig, was destroyed (an architectural monument of national significance). As a result of the fire, the chocolate factory "Ukraine" "Mondelēz International" (formerly "Kraft Foods") was partially destroyed. The estate of the Nadarzhinskys-Golitsyns, a monument in honor of the 183rd tank brigade, the Smorodino locomotive depot of 1877, and the shop of the merchant Fyodor Kurilo (1908, an architectural monument of local significance) were damaged.<ref name=unesco_damaged>{{cite web |url =https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/damaged-cultural-sites-ukraine-verified-unesco |title =Damaged cultural sites in Ukraine verified by UNESCO |author = |publisher =UNESCO }}</ref><ref name=currenttime_2022_03_30>{{cite web |url=https://www.currenttime.tv/a/bolnitsa-rasstrelyana-iz-minometov-tankov-vidimo-eto-byl-samyy-voennyy-obekt-kak-vyglyadit-trostyanets-posle-30-dney-okkupatsii-rossiey/31778055.html |title="Больница расстреляна из танков, минометов: видимо, это был самый военный объект". Как выглядит Тростянец после 30 дней оккупации Россией |date=2022-03-30 |publisher=Настоящее время |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209194550/https://www.currenttime.tv/a/bolnitsa-rasstrelyana-iz-minometov-tankov-vidimo-eto-byl-samyy-voennyy-obekt-kak-vyglyadit-trostyanets-posle-30-dney-okkupatsii-rossiey/31778055.html |archive-date=2023-12-09 |language=ru |url-status=live}}</ref>
The town's hospital was shelled many times by Russian forces (at least twice from tanks).<ref name=Destruction_and_Devastation>{{cite book |title=Destruction and Devastation. One Year of Russia's Assault on Ukraine's Health Care System |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/ukraine/destruction-and-devastation-one-year-russias-assault-ukraines-health-care-system |publisher=eyeWitness to Atrocities (eyeWitness), Insecurity Insight, the Media Initiative for Human Rights (MIHR), Physicians for Human Rights (PHR), and the Ukrainian Healthcare Center (UHC) |date=2023 |pages=33–35}}</ref><ref name="barbarity">{{Cite news |last1=Gibbons-Neff |first1=Thomas |last2=Yermak |first2=Natalia |last3=Hicks |first3=Tyler |date=2022-04-03 |title='This Is True Barbarity': Life and Death Under Russian Occupation |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/03/world/europe/ukraine-war-russia-trostyanets.html |access-date=2022-04-03 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=2022-04-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220403171310/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/03/world/europe/ukraine-war-russia-trostyanets.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=currenttime_2022_03_30/>
thumb|Trostyanets City Hospital after a missile attack on 14 March 2024 On 2 March 2024, a HESA Shahed 136 drone was shot down over Trostyanets, and residential buildings were damaged as a result of falling debris.<ref>{{Cite web |title=У Тростянці "шахед" влучив у будинок {{!}} Данкор онлайн {{!}} Сумской информационный портал: все новости Сумщины |url=http://dancor.sumy.ua/news/newsline/486724 |access-date=2024-04-11 |website=dancor.sumy.ua}}</ref> On 14 March 2024, Trostyanets was shelled using the HESA Shahed 136 and 9K720 Iskander. As a result of the shelling, the Trostianets City Hospital was damaged.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Били ракетами і "Шахедами". Росіяни обстріляли Суми і ще три міста області |url=https://www.rbc.ua/rus/news/bili-raketami-i-shahedami-rosiyani-obstrilyali-1710389144.html |access-date=2024-04-11 |website=РБК-Украина |language=uk}}</ref>
== Population == === Ethnicity === Distribution of the population by ethnicity according to the 2001 census:<ref>{{cite web | url=https://datatowel.in.ua/pop-composition/ethnic-cities| title=Національний склад міст за переписом 2001 року}}</ref> {{bar box|title=Ethnic composition of Trostyanets|titlebar=#ddd|left1=|right1=percent|bars={{bar percent|Ukrainians|dodgerblue|89.03}} {{bar percent|Russians|purple|9.55}} {{bar percent|Belarusians|red|0.36}} {{bar percent|Gypsies|brown|0.23}} {{bar percent|others|gray|0.24}}}}
=== Language === Distribution of the population by native language according to the 2001 census:<ref>{{cite web | url=https://socialdata.org.ua/projects/mova-2001/ | title=Рідні мови в об'єднаних територіальних громадах України }}</ref> {| class="standard" |- ! Language ! Percentage |- | Ukrainian | align="right"| 90.71% |- | Russian | align="right"| 8.48% |- | other/undecided | align="right"| 0.81% |}
==Nature and recreation== thumb|left|Neskuchne Park Trostyanets is located near the picturesque Neskuchne tract, where there are three lakes among a mixed pine-deciduous forest. The nearby arboretum almost merged with the forest. In 1995–1996, a sports recreation center was destroyed, located in a pine forest near one of the lakes.
There are several architectural monuments in the city – the "Round Courtyard" of 1749, the Golitsyn Manor House, churches, the Grotto of the Nymphs of 1809 and others, which are gradually being repaired and restored. Recently, picturesque plein-airs "Picturesque Trostianechchyna" have been held in Trostyanets, as a result of which an exposition of paintings by artists from different countries was created in the former landowner's estate.
==Industry== The most famous enterprise of Trostyanets is the chocolate factory "Ukraine", one of the leading enterprises in the industry. This enterprise belongs to the company "Mondelēz International" (formerly "Kraft Foods"), which is known for its trademarks "Crown", "Alpen Gold", "Jacobs", "Tuc", "Barny" and Milka.
==Transport== The railway line Sumy–Liubotyn, stations Trostianets-Smorodyne and Rupyne. The national road N12 passes through the town and connects Sumy and Poltava.
==Sports== FC Trostianets is a football club based in the city, which made its debut in the Ukrainian Second League in the 2021–22 season. The team plays matches at the local Volodymyr Kuts Stadium, named after the Olympic champion Volodymyr Kuts (1927-1975), a native of Oleksyne, Trostyanets Raion.
==Notable people== * Mykola Khvylovy, Ukrainian writer, the theorist of Ukrainian national communism and the author of the slogan "Get away from Moscow!" * Leonid Tatarenko, Ukrainian writer. * Victor Dobrovolsky, scientist in the field of general mechanical engineering, teacher, rector of Odesa National Polytechnic University. * Vasily Podgorny, founder of the Podgornovtsy sect.
==Gallery== <gallery widths="180" heights="140" style="text-align:center"> Grot Nimf.JPG|Ruins of the Grotto of the Nymphs Trostyanets' Blagovischens'ka Tserkva01 Gor'kogo vul. (YDS 7696).JPG|Church of the Annunciation 59-250-0082 Trostianec Voznesenska Church SAM 8533.jpg|Ascension Church Trostyanets' Krugliy Dvir 02 Myru 16 (YDS 7705).JPG|Round Courtyard Trostyanets'_Park_Neskuchne_Budynok_Upravytelya_01_Neskuchans'ka_5_(YDS_7802).JPG|The house of the manager of the estates of Leopold Koenig in Trostianets Park, the location of the forest research station Trostyanets_Kenig's_mill_2.jpg|Leopold Koenig's economy rolling mill Trostyanets'_Magazyn_Kuptsya_Kuryla_Gor'kogo_26_(YDS_7760).JPG|Shop of the merchant F. Kuril in the center of the town </gallery>
== References == {{Reflist}}
== External links == {{Commons}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20070928162804/http://www.trostyanets.com.ua/ Unofficial city portal] {{in lang|uk}}
{{Sumy Oblast}} {{Hero Cities of Ukraine}} {{Authority control}}
Category:Cities in Sumy Oblast Category:Akhtyrsky Uyezd Category:Cities of district significance in Ukraine Category:Populated places established in the 17th century