Trimusculus

{{Short description|Genus of gastropods}} {{Automatic taxobox | image = Trimusculus reticulatus 1.jpg | image_caption = Dorsal view of a shell of Trimusculus reticulatus (Sowerby, 1835) | grandparent_authority = J. Q. Burch, 1945 (1840) | parent_authority = J. Q. Burch, 1945 (1840) | display_parents = 2 | taxon = Trimusculus | authority = F. C. Schmidt, 1818<ref>Schmidt F. C. (1818). ''Vers. Einth. Conch.'' [teste Marschall 1873, Nomen. zool., 143]; Moeller (1832). ''Isis'' (Oken), 1832: 132.</ref> | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = See text | synonyms_ref = <ref>WoRMS (2010). ''Trimusculus'' F.C. Schmidt, 1818. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=138565 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105105959/http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=138565 |date=2012-11-05 }} on 2011-01-09</ref> | synonyms = Synonym of Trimusculidae: * Gadiniidae Gray, 1840

Synonyms of ''Trimusculus'': * ''Clypeus'' Scacchi, 1833 (junior homonym of ''Clypeus'' Leske, 1778 (Echinoidea) ) * ''Gadinalea'' Iredale, 1940<ref>Iredale T. (1940). ''Aust. Zool.'' '''9''': 437.</ref> * ''Gadinia'' Gray, 1824<ref>Gray (1824). ''Phil. Mag.'' '''63'''(312): 275.</ref> * ''Gadinia (Rowellia)'' Carpenter, 1864 * ''Mouretia'' G. B. Sowerby I, 1835 * ''Rowellia'' Carpenter, 1864 }} [[File:Trimusculus reticulatus 2.jpg|thumb|Apertural view of shell of Trimusculus reticulatus]] [[File:Trimusculus reticulatus 3.jpg|thumb|Profile view of shell of Trimusculus reticulatus]]

'''''Trimusculus''''' is a genus of medium-sized air-breathing sea snails or false limpets, marine pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the family Trimusculidae.

''Trimusculus'' is the only genus in the family '''Trimusculidae'''.<ref>{{in lang|cs}} de Bruyne R. H. (2004). ''Encyklopedie ulit a lastur''. Rebo Productions, 336 pp., {{ISBN|80-7234-288-6}}, page 227.</ref> Trimusculidae, the '''button snails''', is the only family in the superfamily '''Trimusculoidea''',<ref name="Bouchet 2005"/> a superfamily of false limpets. These are marine pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the clade Eupulmonata.<ref name="Bouchet 2005">{{Bouchet 2005}}</ref>

Trimusculids are ''not'' very closely related to the siphonariids, another family of marine air-breathing false-limpets. The trimusculids are in the clade Eupulmonata, and are quite closely related to air-breathing land snails.

==Description== Trimusculids are sometimes known as "button shells" or "button snails" because, especially in the eastern Pacific species ''Trimusculus reticulatus'', the shells are small, white, almost perfectly circular in outline, only moderately elevated, and thus the shells are somewhat reminiscent of traditional white shirt buttons.

==Species== Species within the genus ''Trimusculus'' include:

* ''Trimusculus afer'' (Gmelin, 1791)<ref>Gofas, S. (2010). ''Trimusculus afer'' (Gmelin, 1791). In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=141705 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118142750/http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=141705 |date=2017-01-18 }} on 2011-01-09</ref> * ''Trimusculus carinatus'' (Dall, 1870)<ref>Bouchet, P. (2010). ''Trimusculus carinatus'' (Dall, 1870). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=413975 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118142715/http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=413975 |date=2017-01-18 }} on 2011-01-09</ref> * ''Trimusculus conicus'' (Angas, 1867)<ref>Bouchet, P. (2010). ''Trimusculus conicus'' (Angas, 1867). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=414594 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200906010320/http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=414594 |date=2020-09-06 }} on 2011-01-09</ref> - synonym: ''Gadinalea conica'' (Angas, 1867) * ''Trimusculus costatus'' (Krauss, 1848)<ref>Bouchet, P. (2010). ''Trimusculus costatus'' (Krauss, 1848). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=413973 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118142702/http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=413973 |date=2017-01-18 }} on 2011-01-09</ref> * ''Trimusculus escondidus'' Poppe & Groh, 2009<ref>Bouchet, P. (2010). ''Trimusculus escondidus'' Poppe & Groh, 2009. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=414599 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180822081150/http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=414599 |date=2018-08-22 }} on 2011-01-09</ref> * ''Trimusculus goesi'' (Hubendick, 1946)<ref>Bouchet, P. (2010). ''Trimusculus goesi'' (Hubendick, 1946). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=413974 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118142643/http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=413974 |date=2017-01-18 }} on 2011-01-09</ref> * ''Trimusculus kurodai'' Habe, 1958<ref>Bouchet, P. (2010). ''Trimusculus kurodai''. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=414597 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170816112657/http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=414597 |date=2017-08-16 }} on 2011-01-09</ref> * ''Trimusculus mammillaris'' (Linnaeus, 1758)<ref>Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2010). ''Trimusculus mammillaris''. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=141706 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200720201655/http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=141706 |date=2020-07-20 }} on 2011-01-09</ref> * ''Trimusculus mauritianus'' (Martens, 1880)<ref>WoRMS (2010). ''Trimusculus mauritianus'' (Martens, 1880). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=220095 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118142700/http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=220095 |date=2017-01-18 }} on 2011-01-09</ref> * ''Trimusculus niveus'' (Hutton, 1883)<ref>Bouchet, P. (2010). ''Trimusculus niveus'' (Hutton, 1883). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=414595 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190630105815/http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=414595 |date=2019-06-30 }} on 2011-01-09</ref> - synonym: ''Gadinalea nivea'' Hutton, 1883 * ''Trimusculus odhneri'' (Hubendick, 1946)<ref>Bouchet, P. (2010). ''Trimusculus odhneri'' (Hubendick, 1946). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=414596 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118142821/http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=414596 |date=2017-01-18 }} on 2011-01-09</ref> * ''Trimusculus peruvianus'' (Sowerby II, 1835)<ref>Rosenberg, G.; Bouchet, P. (2010). ''Trimusculus peruvianus'' (Sowerby II, 1835). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=414591 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180503042643/http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=414591 |date=2018-05-03 }} on 2011-01-09</ref> * ''Trimusculus reticulatus'' (Sowerby II, 1835)<ref>Bouchet, P. (2010). ''Trimusculus reticulatus'' (Sowerby II, 1835). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=414592 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190630105825/http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=414592 |date=2019-06-30 }} on 2011-01-09</ref> * ''Trimusculus stellatus'' (Sowerby II, 1835)<ref>Bouchet, P. (2010). ''Trimusculus stellatus'' (Sowerby II, 1835). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=414593 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118142658/http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=414593 |date=2017-01-18 }} on 2011-01-09</ref> * ''Trimusculus yamamotoi'' Habe, 1958<ref>Bouchet, P. (2010). ''Trimusculus yamamotoi'' Habe, 1958. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=414598 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118142841/http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=414598 |date=2017-01-18 }} on 2011-01-09</ref> ;Synonyms: * ''Trimusculus mammilaris'' [sic]: synonym of ''Trimusculus mammillaris'' (Linnaeus, 1758) (misspelling of mammillaris (Linnaeus, 1758)) * ''Trimusculus niveus'' (Hutton, 1878): synonym of ''Trimusculus conicus'' (Angas, 1867) * ''Trimusculus semicorneus'' (Preston, 1908): synonym of ''Acmaea semicornea'' Preston, 1908: synonym of ''Discradisca semicornea'' (Preston, 1908)

==References== {{Reflist}} * Poppe G. & Groh K. (2009) A new species of Trimusculus (Gastropoda: Eupulmonata: Trimusculidae) from the Central Philippines. Visaya 2(5): 91–93 * Dayrat, B., Conrad, M., Balayan, S., White, T. R., Albrecht, C., Golding, R., Gomes, S. R., Harasewych, M. G., & Frias Martins, A. M. de. (2011). Phylogenetic relationships and evolution of pulmonate gastropods (Mollusca): new insights from increased taxon sampling. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 59: 425–437.

==External links== {{Commons category}} * [http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015061903053#view=1up;seq=15 Schmidt F.C. 1818, Versuch über die beste Einrichtung zur Aufstellung: Behandlung und Aufbewahrung der verschiedenen Naturkörper und gegenṣtände der Kunst, vorzüglich der Conchylien-Sammlungen, nebst kurzer Beurtheilung der conchyliologischen Systeme und Schriften und einer tabellarischen Zusammenstellung und Vergleichung der sechs besten und neuesten conchyliologischen Systeme. Gotha, J. Perth, 252 pp.] * [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15527652 Gray, J. E. (1824). Zoological notices. On the characters of zoophytes. On Gadinia, a new genus of patelloid shells. On some new species of Ampullariadae (Marisa and Bithinia). The Philosophical Magazine and Journal. 63 (312): 274-277] * [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12859766 Sowerby, G. B. I. (1835). Characters of and observations on new genera and species of Mollusca and Conchifera collected by Mr. Cuming. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 3(25): 4-7; 3(26): 21-23; 3(27): 41-43; 46-47; 3(28): 49-51; 3(30): 84-85; 3(30): 93-96; 3(31): 109-110] * [https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/38927087 redale, T. (1940). Marine Molluscs from Lord Howe Island, Norfolk Island, Australia, and New Caledonia. Australian Zoologist. 9: 429-443] * [https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34587912 Rehder, H. A. (1940). On the molluscan genus Trimusculus Schmidt 1818, with notes on some Mediterranean and West African Siphonarias. Proceedings of The Biological Society of Washington. 53: 67-69]

Category:Trimusculus Category:Gastropods described in 1818 Category:Gastropod genera Category:Panpulmonata