Trichocereinae

{{Short description|Subtribe of cacti}} {{automatic taxobox |image = Haageocereus pacalaensis.jpg |image_caption = ''Haageocereus pacalaensis of the tribe Trichocereeae.'' |taxon = Trichocereinae |authority = [[Franz Buxbaum|Buxb.]] (1958) |subdivision_ranks = Genera |subdivision = See text |type_genus =''[[Echinopsis|Trichocereus]]'' }} '''Trichocereinae''' is a [[subtribe]] of [[cactus]] that are particular to [[South America]].<ref name=Lendel2013>{{cite thesis |last=Lendel |first=Anita |date=2013 |title=South American Cacti in time and space: studies on the diversification of the tribe Cereeae, with particular focus on subtribe Trichocereinae (Cactaceae) |publisher=University of Zurich |doi=10.5167/UZH-93287 |url=https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/93287 |access-date=2023-10-10 |degree=Dr. sc. nat.}}</ref> There are 28 recognized genera in this subtribe.

==Description== Arborescent to shrubby, Trichocereinae normally form unsegmented, spherical to columnar stems that are usually ribbed, tuberculate, or ribbed-warty.

The small to fairly large, regular or bilaterally symmetrical flowers appear laterally or below the apex and open day or night. The flower cup is scaled or covered with hair.

The fruits are fleshy to berry-like and sometimes burst open lengthwise. They contain small to medium-sized seeds that vary in shape. Hilum and micropyle of seeds are fused to united. Appendages are usually absent. A strophic is present in some.<ref name="Anderson Eggli 2005 p. 58-59">{{cite book | last=Anderson | first=Edward F. | last2=Eggli | first2=Urs | title=Das grosse Kakteen-Lexikon | publisher=Ulmer | publication-place=Stuttgart (Hohenheim) | date=2005 | isbn=3-8001-4573-1 | language=de | pages=58–59}}</ref>

==Genera== The composition of the subtribes of the tribe [[Cereeae]] varies. The list below is based on genera accepted by [[Plants of the World Online]] {{As of|2025|March|lc=yes}}.<ref name=POWO_30000028-2>{{cite web |title=Cactaceae Juss. |website=Plants of the World Online |publisher=The Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |url= https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000028-2 |access-date=2025-03-29}}</ref> Most were placed in subtribe Trichocereinae by Lendel in 2013. ''[[Reicheocactus]]'' (listed here) was not included in Lendel's analysis, and was described as basal to the subtribe.<ref name=Lendel2013/> ''[[Pygmaeocereus]]'' was placed in Trichocereinae in a 2023 study.<ref name=RomeTaylZappTelh23/> {| class="wikitable" |- ! Image !! Genus |- |[[File:Acanthocalycium violaceum.jpg|175px]]||''[[Acanthocalycium]]'' {{small|Backeb. 1936}} |- |[[File:Arthrocereus rondonianus1b.MW.jpg|175px]] ||''[[Arthrocereus]]'' {{small|A.Berger 1929}} |- |[[File:Cleistocactus icosagonus 2.jpg|175px]]||''[[Borzicactus]]'' {{small|Riccob. 1909}} |- |[[File:Echinopsis chamaecereus2.jpg|175px]]||''Chamaecereus'' {{small|Britton & Rose 1922}}, synonym of ''Echinopsis'' |- |[[File:Cleistocactus chrysocephalus.png|175px]]||''[[Cephalocleistocactus]]'' {{small|F.Ritter}} |- |[[File:Cleistocactus colademononis (4974876280).jpg|175px]] ||''[[Cleistocactus]]'' {{small|Lem. 1861}} |- |[[File:Echinopsis oxygona (3535885623).jpg|175px]]||''[[Echinopsis]]'' {{small|Zucc. 1837}} |- |[[File:Espostoa melanostele pm02.jpg|175px]]||''[[Espostoa]]'' {{small|Britton & Rose 1920}} |- |[[File:Haageocereus versicolor (Madeira).jpg|175px]]||''[[Haageocereus]]'' {{small|Backeb. 1933}} |- |[[File:Harrisia cactus Central Queensland 1191.JPG|175px]]||''[[Harrisia (plant)|Harrisia]]'' {{small|Britton 1908 publ. 1909}} |- | ||''[[Lasiocereus]]'' {{small|F.Ritter}} (uncertainly in this subtribe<ref name=RomeTaylZappTelh23/>) |- |[[File:Cactus in Ruins of Quilmes.jpg|175px]]||''[[Leucostele]]'' {{small|Backeb. 1953}} |- |[[File:Echinopsis subdenudata203.jpg|175px]]||''[[Lobivia]]'' {{small|Britton & Rose 1922}} |- |[[File:Cleistocactus acanthurus0001.jpg|175px]]||''[[Loxanthocereus]]'' {{small|Backeb. 1937}} |- |[[File:Matucana roseoalba (8913184317).jpg|175px]] ||''[[Matucana]]'' {{small|Britton & Rose 1922}} |- |[[File:Mila caespitosa.jpg|175px]]||''[[Mila (plant)|Mila]]'' {{small|Britton & Rose 1922}} |- |[[File:Caktus, flowering, SG.jpg|175px]]||''[[Oreocereus]]'' {{small|Riccob. 1909}} |- |[[File:Pygmaeocereus bylesianus1MW.jpg|175px]] ||''[[Pygmaeocereus]]'' {{small|H.Johnson & Backeb.}} |- |[[File:Rauhocereus riosaniensis pm.jpg|175px]]||''[[Rauhocereus]]'' {{small|Backeb. 1956 publ. 1957}} |- |[[File:仙人掌-黒斜子 Reicheocactus pseudoreicheanus (Echinopsis famatimensis) -日本大阪鮮花競放館 Osaka Sakuya Konohana Kan, Japan- (40360118800).jpg|175px]] ||''[[Reicheocactus]]'' {{small|Backeb. 1942}} |- |[[File:Samaipaticereus corroanus-IMG 3192.jpg|175px]]||''[[Samaipaticereus]]'' {{small|Cárdenas}} |- |[[File:Echinopsis mirabilis1UME.jpg|175px]]||''[[Setiechinopsis]]'' {{small|Backeb. ex de Haas 1940}} |- |[[File:Golden Torch Cactus blooming - 42350044794.jpg|175px]]||''[[Soehrensia]]'' {{small|Backeb. 1938}}, synonym of ''[[Echinopsis]]'' |- |[[File:Säulenkaktus Blüte.JPG|175px]]||''[[Trichocereus]]'' {{small|(A.Berger) Riccob. 1909}} |- |[[File:Fox Tail Cactus (Espostoa guentheri) (34991631493).jpg|175px]]||''[[Vatricania]]'' {{small|Backeb. 1950}} |- |[[File:Weberbauerocereus cuzcoensis.jpg|175px]]||''[[Weberbauerocereus]]'' {{small|Backeb. 1942 }} |- |[[File:Yungasocereus inquisivensis SSZ.jpg|175px]] ||''[[Yungasocereus]]'' {{small|F.Ritter 1980}} |}

==Intergeneric hybrids == Naturally occurring hybrids between genera in the subtribe include:<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cactaceae Juss. {{!}} Plants of the World Online {{!}} Kew Science |url=http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000028-2 |access-date=2025-12-06 |website=Plants of the World Online |language=en}}</ref> *[[× Borzicana|× ''Borzicana'']] M.H.J.van der Meer = ''Borzicactus'' × ''Matucana'' *[[× Haagespostoa|× ''Haagespostoa'']] G.D.Rowley = ''Haageocereus'' × ''Espostoa'' *[[× Harricereus|× ''Harricereus'']] M.H.J.van der Meer = ''Harrisia'' × ''Cereus'' *[[× Leia|× ''Leia'']] M.H.J.van der Meer = ''Leucostele'' ×'' Sohrensia'' *[[× Leucomoza|× ''Leucomoza'']] M.H.J.van der Meer = ''Denmoza'' × ''Leucostele'' *[[× Oreonopsis|× ''Oreonopsis'']] G.D.Rowley = ''Echinopsis'' × ''Oreocereus'' *[[× Raustoa|× ''Raustoa'']] M.H.J.van der Meer = ''Rauhocereus'' × ''Espostoa'' *[[× Weberbostoa|× ''Weberbostoa'']] G.D.Rowley = ''Weberbauerocereus'' × ''Espostoa'' *[[× Weinganopsis|× ''Weinganopsis'']] G.D.Rowley = ''Weingartia'' × ''Echinopsis'' *[[× Yungastocactus|× ''Yungastocactus'']] G.D.Rowley ''Yungasocereus'' × ''Cleistocactus''

Artificial hybrids include: *[[× Chamaelobivia|× ''Chamaelobivia'']] Y.Itô = ''Chamaecyparis'' × ''Lobivia''<ref name=POWO_296390-2>{{cite web |title=''× Chamaelobivia'' Y.Itô |work=[[Plants of the World Online]] |publisher=[[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]] |url=http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:296390-2 |access-date=2023-10-09}}</ref> *[[× Cleistopsis|× ''Cleistopsis'']] Strigl = ''Cleistocactus'' × ''Echinopsis''. *[[× Trichopsis|× ''Trichopsis'']] Y.Itô = ''Echinopsis'' × ''Trichocereus''<ref name=POWO_893114-1>{{cite web |title=''× Trichopsis'' Y.Itô |work=[[Plants of the World Online]] |publisher=[[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]] |url=http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:893114-1 |access-date=2023-10-10}}</ref> *[[× Harrisinopsis |× ''Harrisinopsis'']] G.D.Rowley = ''Echinopsis'' × ''Harrisia''

== References == {{Reflist|refs= <ref name=RomeTaylZappTelh23>{{Cite journal |last1=Romeiro-Brito |first1=Monique |last2=Taylor |first2=Nigel P. |last3=Zappi |first3=Daniela C. |last4=Telhe |first4=Milena C. |last5=Franco |first5=Fernando F. |last6=Moraes |first6=Evandro M. |date=2023 |title=Unravelling phylogenetic relationships of the tribe Cereeae using target enrichment sequencing |journal=Annals of Botany |volume=132 |issue=5 |pages=989–1006 |doi=10.1093/aob/mcad153 |name-list-style=amp |pmc=10808018 }}</ref> }}

== External links == * USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. [https://web.archive.org/web/20041118084041/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/family.pl?1901 Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN)]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland, June 1, 2007.

[[Category:Cereeae| ]] [[Category:Cacti of South America]] [[Category:Caryophyllales tribes]] [[Category:Long stubs with short prose]]