{{Short description|Family of shrubs and trees}} {{Automatic taxobox | image = Trevoa quinquenervia.jpg | image_caption = ''Trevoa quinquenervia'' | taxon = Trevoa | authority = Miers ex Hook. | synonyms = * ''Talguenea'' <small>Miers ex Endl.</small> }}
'''''Trevoa''''' is a genus of actinorhizal plants; these dicotyledon flora are trees or small shrubs. The genus was first proposed by Miers in 1825, but was not fully described until 1830 by Sir William Jackson Hooker.<ref>J. Miers. 1860</ref> Genus members are notable for their ability to fix nitrogen. Species of this genus are generally found in the near coastal forests and arid shrubland of South America. Some species are localized in the mountains of central Chile; for example, the species ''Trevoa trinervis'' occurs in the La Campana National Park<ref>C. Michael Hogan. 2008</ref> and other proximate areas of central Chile.
Along with some related plants in the family Rhamnaceae, they fix nitrogen via root nodules which contain ''Frankia'' bacteria.<ref name="clawson">{{citation | journal = Appl Environ Microbiol | date = September 1998 | volume = 64 | issue = 9 | pages = 3539–3543 | pmc = 106764 | title = Diversity of Frankia Strains in Root Nodules of Plants from the Families Elaeagnaceae and Rhamnaceae |author1=Michael L. Clawson |author2=Margarita Carú |author3=David R. Benson | doi = 10.1128/AEM.64.9.3539-3543.1998 |name-list-style=amp | pmid=9726914| bibcode = 1998ApEnM..64.3539C }}</ref> Other nitrogen-fixing genera in this family include ''Ceanothus'', ''Colletia'', ''Discaria'', ''Kentrothamnus'', and ''Retanilla''.<ref>{{citation | journal = American Journal of Botany | year = 2000 | volume = 87 | pages = 1309–1324 | title = A phylogenetic analysis of Rhamnaceae using rbcL and trnL-F plastid DNA sequences | author = James E. Richardson | author2 = Michael F. Fay | author3 = Quentin C. B. Cronk | author4 = Diane Bowman | author5 = Mark W. Chase | name-list-style = amp | doi = 10.2307/2656724 | issue=9| jstor = 2656724| doi-access = free }}</ref>
==Taxonomy== The botanist Karl Friedrich Reiche, publishing in the years 1894–1911, recognized 6 species.<ref>{{citation | contribution-url = http://efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=60&taxon_id=133348 | contribution = Trevoa Miers. | author = Karl Friedrich Reiche| author-link = Karl Friedrich Reiche | title = Estudios críticos de la Flora de Chile}}</ref> Currently there are five recognized species in the genus.
===Species=== ''Trevoa'' comprises the following species:<ref name="POWO">{{cite web | url = https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:33537-1 | author=Govaerts R | website = Plants of the World Online | title = ''Trevoa'' <small>Miers ex Hook.</small> | publisher=Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew | accessdate = 15 December 2020}}</ref><ref name="PlantList">{{cite web | url = http://www.theplantlist.org/1.1/browse/A/Rhamnaceae/Trevoa/ | title = The Plant List entry for ''Trevoa'' | date = September 2013 | website = The Plant List, v.1.1 | publisher = Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and the Missouri Botanical Garden | accessdate = 15 December 2020}}</ref> * ''Trevoa campanulata'' <small>Reiche</small> * ''Trevoa closiana'' <small>Miers</small> * ''Trevoa glauca'' <small>Reiche</small> * ''Trevoa quinquenervia'' <small>Gillies & Hook.</small> (syn. ''Talguenea quinquenervia''<ref>{{citation | title = Reproductive biology of the andromonoecious shrub ''Trevoa quinquenervia'' (Rhamnaceae) |author1=Diego Medan |author2=Ana C. D'Ambrogio | doi = 10.1111/j.1095-8339.1998.tb02526.x | journal = Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |issn = 0024-4074 | volume = 126 | issue = 3 | page = 191 | year = 1998| doi-access = free }}</ref>) * ''Trevoa spinifer'' <small>Escal.</small>
===Species names with uncertain taxonomic status=== The status of the following species and hybrids is unresolved:<ref name="PlantList"/> * ''Trevoa berteroniana'' <small>Steud.</small> * ''Trevoa tenuis'' <small>Miers</small>
===Formerly placed here=== * ''Trevoa trinervis'' <small>Miers</small> = ''Retanilla trinervia'' <small>(Gillies & Hook.) Hook. & Arn.</small><ref>{{cite web |title=''Trevoa trinervis'' Miers|url=http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/tro-27500770|work=The Plant List (2010)|accessdate=2 January 2014}}</ref>
==Notes== {{Reflist|2}}
==References== * C. Michael Hogan. 2008. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121017013207/http://globaltwitcher.auderis.se/artspec_information.asp?thingid=82831 ''Chilean Wine Palm: Jubaea chilensis'', GlobalTwitcher.com, ed. N. Stromberg] * J. Miers. 1860. ''The Annals and Magazine of Natural History: Including Zoology, Botany, and Geology'', Published by Taylor and Francis, ser.3: v.5, p 487
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Category:Rhamnaceae Category:Rhamnaceae genera
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