Tomb of Abdul Hamid I

{{Short description|Resting place of Ottoman Sultan Abdul Hamid I located at Faith, Istanbul, Turkey}} {{Infobox monument | name = | native_name = I. Abdülhamid Türbesi | native_name_lang = tr | image = MausoleumAbdulHamid I.jpg | image_size = | caption = Tomb of [[Abdul Hamid I]] in [[Eminönü]] quarter of [[Fatih|Fatih, Istanbul]]. | location = [[Fatih]], [[Istanbul]], [[Turkey]] | mapframe = | designer = Mehmed Tahir Agha | type = [[Tomb]] | material = [[Marble]] | length = | width = | height = | weight = | visitors_num = | visitors_year = | begin = | complete = 1790 | dedicated = | open = | restore = August 2009 | dismantled = | dedicated_to = Sultan [[Abdul Hamid I]] | map_name = | map_text = | map_width = | map_relief = | coordinates = | website = | extra_label = [[Sarcophagi]] | extra = 20 }} The '''Tomb of Abdul Hamid I''' ({{langx|tr|I. Abdülhamid Türbesi}}) is the final resting place of [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] [[Sultan]] [[Abdul Hamid I]] located at [[Fatih]] in [[Istanbul]], [[Turkey]].<ref name="tas"/>

==Overview== The tomb is situated on the corner of Hamidiye St. and Hamidiye Türbesi St. in [[Eminönü]] quarter of [[Fatih]] district in [[Istanbul]].<ref name="kv"/> It was built for [[Ottoman Sultan|Sultan]] [[Abdul Hamid I]] (reigned 1774–1789) in 1790 by court architect Mehmed Tahir Agha as part of a 1776–1777 constructed [[almshouse]] complex.<ref name="tas"/> The tomb contains 20 [[sarcophagus|sarcophagi]] in total.<ref name="h71"/> In addition to Abdul Hamid I, his assassinated son Sultan [[Mustafa IV]] (r. 1807–1808) rests in the tomb. Other occupants of the tomb are [[Shah#Shahzadeh|shahzadeh]]s and [[Sultana (title)|sultana]]s, namely princes, princesses and [[wikt:consort|consort]]s as relatives of the sultans.<ref name="tas"/>

==Architecture== The tomb building was designed in square-plan with rounded corners in [[Baroque architecture|Baroque style]], and constructed completely in fine marbles. Austrian orientalist and historian [[Joseph von Hammer-Purgstall]] (1774–1856) praised the architecture of the tomb in his memoirs as worth seeing.<ref name="tas"/>

An inscription showing the 27th–30th [[Āyah|āyāt]] of the [[Quran]]ic [[surah]] [[Al-Fajr (surah)|Al-Fajr]] in [[thuluth]] [[Islamic calligraphy|calligraphy]] handwritten by Mehmed Emin is situated above the entrance gate of the tomb. The tomb's external appearance shows it as a two-story building with a wide [[Molding (decorative)|molding]] [[cornice]] separating the floors. A done tops the structure. There are 26 windows in two rows around the building, which enable brightness in the interior. The script inside the medallion at the dome interior reads as "Oh! You, who know my status. I only trust in You, I take refuge in You" ({{langx|ota|Ya alimen bi-hali aleyke ittikali}}). The scripts of the medallions inside the dome carrying [[pendant vault]]s are "Ism-i Jalal", "Ism-i Nebi", "Chehar yar-i Güzin" and "Hasan and Husayn", the attributes of [[Allah]], [[Muhammad]], the [[Rashidun|first four caliphs]] and [[Hasan ibn Ali|Hasan]]-[[Husayn ibn Ali|Husayn]] respectively. The tomb's interior is decorated with [[carving]]s. On the northern wall, a marble panel with [[Qadam Rasul]], footprint of the Prophet, is attached. A marble belt with [[Al-Mulk]] surah handwritten in thuluth script surround the interior.<ref name="tas"/>

==Restoration== The tomb was opened to public visit in August 2009 after completion of restoration works.<ref name="h71"/>

==References== <references>

<ref name="tas">{{cite web |url=http://www.tas-istanbul.com/portfolio-view/eminonu-sultan-i-abdulhamit-turbesi/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170515134444/http://www.tas-istanbul.com/portfolio-view/eminonu-sultan-i-abdulhamit-turbesi/ |url-status=usurped |archive-date=May 15, 2017 |publisher=TAS stanbul |title=Eminönü Sultan Abdülhamit I Türbesi |language=tr |accessdate=17 July 2019 }}</ref> <ref name="h71">{{cite news |url=http://www.haber7.com/kultur/haber/429526-sultan-i-abdulhamid-turbesi-ziyarete-acildi |newspaper=Haber 7 |title=Sultan I. Abdülhamid Türbesi ziyarete açıldı |date=20 August 2009 |language=tr |accessdate=18 July 2019 }}</ref> <ref name="kv">{{cite web |url=http://www.kulturvarliklari.gov.tr/TR-44099/istanbul-turbeler-muze-mudurlugu.html |publisher=Kültür Varlıkları ve Müzeler Genel Müdürlüğü |title=İstanbul Türbeler Müzesi Müdürlüğüme BağlıBulunan Türbelerin Lstesi |language=tr |accessdate=18 July 2019 }}</ref>

</references>

==Further reading== * {{cite book |first=Douglas Scott |last=Brookes |title=Death and Life in the Ottoman Palace: Revelations of the Sultan Abdülhamid I Tomb |publisher=Edinburgh University Press |location=Edinburgh |year=2023 |isbn=9781399510424 }}

[[Category:Ottoman architecture in Turkey]] [[Category:Tombs of sultans of the Ottoman Empire|Abdul Hamid I]] [[Category:Buildings and structures completed in 1790]] [[Category:1790 establishments in the Ottoman Empire]] [[Category:Religious buildings and structures in Istanbul]] [[Category:Fatih]] [[Category:Baroque architecture in the Ottoman Empire]]