{{italic title}} The '''''Chronicon Faventinum'''''<ref>{{harvnb|Tanzini|2016|p=181}}: ''Cronaca di Faenza''.</ref> is a Latin chronicle of the city of Faenza and the region of Emilia-Romagna from 20 BC until AD 1236.<ref name=VH>{{harvnb|Vasina|2003|p=330}}; {{harvnb|Hartmann|2016}}.</ref> It was begun by a Faentine native, Tolosanus,<ref>{{harvnb|Tanzini|2016|p=181}}: ''Tolosano''.</ref> a deacon, ''magister'' and later secular canon of Faenza Cathedral.<ref name=VHT>{{harvnb|Vasina|2003|p=330}}; {{harvnb|Hartmann|2016}}; {{harvnb|Tanzini|2016|p=181}}.</ref> He brought the record down to 1218.{{sfn|Hartmann|2016}} The chronicle was subsequently continued for a decade by at least two other anonymous writers, probably canons of the cathedral.<ref name=VR>{{harvnb|Vasina|2003|p=330}}; {{harvnb|Raccagni|2016|p=723}}.</ref>
Tolosanus was born in the mid-12th century.<ref name=VH/> He was a rhetorician active in municipal politics and in the local church.{{sfn|Hartmann|2016}} He had a biblical and classical education, an understanding of juridical procedure and good Latinity.{{sfn|Vasina|2003|p=330}} He died on 5 April 1226.{{sfn|Hartmann|2016}}
The ''Chronicon'' is the earliest piece of urban historiography from Emilia-Romagna.{{sfn|Vasina|2003|p=330}} it is divided into 153 chapters, each headed by a rubric.{{sfn|Vasina|2003|p=330}} It begins with the mythical founding of the city by the Romans, which Tolosanus dates to 20 BC.<ref name=VH/> Tolosanus quotes extensively from Virgil and the bible.{{sfn|Vasina|2003|p=330}} His work is largely legendary until the period of the communes (11–12th century).{{sfn|Vasina|2003|p=330}} While for the earlier period, his chronology is based on the succession of bishops of Faenza, for the communal period it is based on the succession of magistrates.<ref name=VH/>
Ideologically, the ''Chronicon'' has Guelph (i.e., pro-papal) sympathies.{{sfn|Raccagni|2016|p=723}} The solidarity of the commune, the clergy and the bishop is stressed.{{sfn|Vasina|2003|pp=330–331}} Tolosanus was imbued with a crusading spirit and he glorifies the urban ''militia''.{{sfn|Vasina|2003|p=331}} Imola, Forlì and Ravenna are portrayed as Faenza's traditional enemies.{{sfn|Vasina|2003|p=331}} Faenza was always a member of the Lombard League, and the ''Chronicon'' often rises above local history to cover the wider conflict between the league and the Holy Roman Empire.<ref name=VHR>{{harvnb|Vasina|2003|p=331}}; {{harvnb|Hartmann|2016}}; {{harvnb|Raccagni|2016|pp=723–724}}.</ref> It records how the city sent 27 knights to fight for the pope against the emperor during the War of the Keys (1228–1230).{{sfn|Raccagni|2016|pp=723–724}}
==References== {{reflist}}
==Editions== *Rossini, G., ed. "Chronicon faventinum". ''Rerum italicarum scriptores'' (2nd ed.), Vol. 28, pt. 1.
==Sources== {{refbegin|30em}} *{{cite encyclopedia |last=Hartmann |first=Florian |title=Tolosanus |encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle |editor1=Graeme Dunphy |editor2=Cristian Bratu |accessdate=1 January 2022 |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2213-2139_emc_SIM_02440 |year=2016 |publisher=Brill Online|doi=10.1163/2213-2139_emc_SIM_02440 |url-access=subscription }} *{{cite book |first=Leardo |last=Mascanzoni |title=Il Tolosano e i suoi continuatori: nuovi elementi per uno studio della composizione del Chronicon faventinum |year=1996 |location=Rome}} *{{DBI |first=Leardo |last=Mascanzoni |title=Tolosano |volume=96 |url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/tolosano_(Dizionario-Biografico)}} *{{cite journal |last=Raccagni |first=Gianluca |title=The Crusade Against Frederick II: A Neglected Piece of Evidence |journal=The Journal of Ecclesiastical History |volume=67 |issue=4 |year=2016 |pages=721–740 |doi=10.1017/S002204691600066X|url=https://www.pure.ed.ac.uk/ws/files/18056176/The_crusade_against_Frederick_II_a_neglected_piece_of_evidence.pdf }} *{{cite journal |first=Lorenzo |last=Tanzini |title=''De origine civitatis'': The Building of Civic Identity in Italian Communal Chronicles (12th–14th Century) |journal=Imago Temporis: Medium Aevum |volume=10 |year=2016 |pages=171–189 |url=https://www.raco.cat/index.php/ImagoTemporis/article/download/317185/407253}} *{{cite book |chapter=Medieval Urban Historiography in Western Europe (1100–1500) |pages=317–352 |first=Augusto |last=Vasina |title=Historiography in the Middle Ages |editor=Deborah Mauskopf Deliyannis |publisher=Brill |year=2003}} {{refend}}
Category:History of Faenza Category:13th-century books in Latin Category:13th-century history books