{{short description|System of radio stations in Colombia}} '''Todelar''' is a system of radio stations that covers all of Colombia, founded in 1953 by Bernardo Tobón de la Roche.<ref name="asomedios">{{cite web|title=Reseña histórica - radio|url=http://www.asomedios.com/index.php?idPage=16|publisher=ASOMEDIOS|accessdate=14 May 2011}}</ref> Its flagship station is ''La Voz de Bogotá'' since 2017.<ref name="eltiempo1">{{cite news|title='Noticiero Todelar': fin a más de 60 años al aire|url=http://www.eltiempo.com/cultura/musica-y-libros/se-acaba-el-noticiero-todelar-31273|accessdate=29 December 2017|work=El Tiempo|date=13 December 2016}}</ref> ''Radio Continental'', also in Bogotá, had this role until 2016, having joined Todelar<ref name="camporini">{{cite web|title=Historia de la radio en Colombia|url=http://www.colombiaparatodos.net/noticia-colombia-historia_de_la_radio_en_colombia-id-11017.htm|publisher=Colombia para todos|author=Daniel Camporini|accessdate=14 May 2011}}</ref> (an acronym of the last names of its founder) in 1957.
As of 2015, the flagship morning news programme, ''Artunduaga por la mañana'', was directed by journalist Édgar Artunduaga. The programme was cancelled December 2016,<ref name="eltiempo1" /> a few weeks before Radio Continental was sold<ref name="capsulas1">{{cite web|title=Adiós, Radio Continental|url=http://capsulas.com.co/adios-radio-continental/|website=Cápsulas|accessdate=29 December 2017|ref=capsulas1|date=20 December 2016}}</ref> to Cadena Radial Vida, a network owned by an evangelical group whose leader is Eduardo Cañas.<ref name="eltiempo2">{{cite news|last1=Neira|first1=Armando|title=El nostálgico adiós a Todelar|url=http://www.eltiempo.com/cultura/musica-y-libros/despedida-a-la-radio-todelar-119246|accessdate=29 December 2017|work=El Tiempo|date=13 August 2017}}</ref>
== History == Bernardo Tobón de la Roche was the manager of Radio Pacífico,<ref name="gil" /> a station in Cali affiliated to RCN Radio,<ref name="asomedios" /> and had founded La Voz de Pereira in the 1940s. After a congress of radio stations in 1956, Tobón de la Roche was able to secure affiliations for his network from stations of Bogotá, Medellín, Cali, Barranquilla, and Cartagena de Indias.<ref name="gil">{{cite journal|last=Gil Bolívar|first=Fabio Alberto|year=1992|location=Barcelona|title=Influencia política y poder económico en los medios de comunicación: las cadenas radiofónicas colombianas|journal=Revista CIDOB D'Afers Internacionals|issue=23-24|pages=225–254|issn=1133-6595|language=Spanish|url=http://www.cidob.org/es/content/download/8870/90003/file/gil_23-24.pdf|accessdate=2011-05-14}}</ref> By 1962 Todelar had 24 stations (11 owned-and-operated, 13 affiliates). In 1967 Unión Radio, a group of radio stations of Cali (Radio Uno, Radio el Sol), Pereira (La Voz Amiga, La Voz de Pereira), and Bogotá (La Voz de Bogotá, Emisora Monserrate), joined the network.<ref name="gil" /> De la Roche's brothers Jaime and Jairo, who also were part of the network, would leave and became executives of rival networks Caracol Radio and RCN Radio, respectively.<ref name="gil" />
Todelar had its golden era in the 1960s and 1970s, broadcasting live sports events such as the Vuelta a Colombia, and the 1966 FIFA World Cup,<ref name="gil" /> or radioplays like ''La ley contra el hampa'', a crime drama, or the Colombian version of the Mexican hit ''Kalimán''.;<ref>{{cite web|last=Moreno Gómez|first=José Alberto|title=Gaspar Ospina (1927–2008)|url=http://www.patrimoniofilmico.org.co/noticias/184.htm|publisher=Patrimonio Fílmico Colombiano|accessdate=14 May 2011}}</ref> some of these dramas were broadcast from Cali<ref name="paiscali">{{cite web|title=Todelar, la universidad de la radio, cumple hoy 60 años|url=http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/entretenimiento/noticias/todelar-universidad-radio-cumple-hoy-60-anos|publisher=El País|date=27 November 2013|accessdate=30 December 2015}}</ref> and lasted into the mid-1990s.
Todelar would later expand to FM. In 1977, Todelar had 344 stations.<ref name="camporini" />
After these years, Todelar has seen itself in disadvantage vis-à-vis rival networks RCN Radio and Caracol Radio, being in a slow decline since the 1990s; since Todelar is essentially a media company it has found difficult to compete in equal terms with those networks, owned by huge corporate conglomerates (Organización Ardila Lülle and PRISA, respectively). Some stations have left the network<ref name="latarde">{{cite news|last1=Cardona|first1=Luis Fernando|title=Vendida Radio Matecaña|url=http://www.latarde.com/noticias/pereira/120790-vendida-radio-matecana|accessdate=30 December 2015|publisher=La Tarde|date=1 September 2013}}</ref> (including main flagship Radio Continental in 2017)<ref name="eltiempo1" /><ref name="capsulas1" /> and some timeslots, specially in the AM stations, are filled with paid programmes by shamans, naturist medicine laboratories and esoteric or religious groups since the late 1980s.<ref name="gil" />
== Main networks == {{Infobox radio station | country = CO | name = La Voz de Bogotá | logo = | area = Bogotá | branding = HJCS | airdate = 1953 | frequency = {{Frequency|930|kHz}} | format = News / talk | owner = Todelar | former_callsigns = HJCE | former_frequencies = {{Frequency|890|kHz}} (1940-mid 1990s) | affiliations = Todelar | website = http://www.todelar.com/ }} *'''Circuito Todelar de Colombia''': the main network, broadcasting news, sports, and events. Its flagship station is La Voz de Bogotá. Until 2017, the flagship station was Radio Continental. *La Z: devoted to salsa music; its format is as 2015 preserved only by the Cali affiliate, HJBT. The Bogotá station (HJST) changed to a Latin pop format and the Medellín station (HJTO) broadcasts reggaeton. *La 92 (HJST): devoted to pop (mainly in Spanish, with some English-language songs) and reggaeton; it simulcasts Édgar Artunduaga's morning news programme. It replaced Spanish-language pop and rock station ''El Sonido de la Ciudad'' (2013–2016), salsa music network ''La Z'' (1994–2013) and balada en español network ''Sonorama Estéreo'' (1982–1994). *La X: youth programming— English-language rock and pop in Bogotá (HJVU), electronica in Medellín (HJG54), pop and electronica in Cali (HJSQ). Formerly known as ''Todelar Estéreo''.
== Radio Stations == === Bogotá === {| class="wikitable" !Name !Frequency !Code |- |La Voz de Bogotá |930 AM |HJCS |- |La X |103.9 FM |HJVU |}
=== Medellín === {| class="wikitable" !Name !Frequency !Code |- |La Voz del Río Grande |910 AM |HJDO |- |La Ochentera |91.9 FM |HJTO |- |La X |103.9 FM |HJG54 |}
=== Cali === {| class="wikitable" !Name !Frequency !Code |- |La Voz de Cali |900 AM |HJEY |- |La X |96.5 FM |HJSQ |} == References == {{reflist}}
== External links == * {{in lang|es}} [http://www.todelar.com/ Todelar Official Site] ** {{in lang|es}} [http://www.todelar.com/artunduaga-por-la-manana/ ''Artunduaga por la mañana'']
{{Bogota Radio|state=collapsed}} {{Colombian radio|state=collapsed}} {{Coord|4.670735|-74.059321|display=title}}
Category:Radio stations established in 1953 Category:Radio stations in Colombia