{{Short description|Irish American prelate}} {{Infobox Christian leader | type = Cardinal | honorific-prefix = His Eminence | name = Timothy Finbar Manning | honorific-suffix = | title = Cardinal, Archbishop of Los Angeles<br>Titular Bishop of Lesvi<br>Titular Archbishop of Capreae | image = Timothy Manning 1973.jpg | caption = Manning in 1973 | province = | diocese = | see = Los Angeles | appointed = May 26, 1969 (Coadjutor) | enthroned = January 21, 1970 | ended = June 4, 1985 | predecessor = James Francis McIntyre | successor = Roger Mahony | ordination = June 16, 1934 | ordained_by = John Joseph Cantwell | consecration = October 15, 1946 | consecrated_by = Joseph Thomas McGucken | cardinal = March 5, 1973 | created_cardinal_by = Paul VI | rank = | other_post = Cardinal Priest of S. Lucia a Piazza d'Armi | previous_post = {{unbulleted list|Coadjutor Archbishop of Los Angeles (1969–1970)<br/>Bishop of Fresno<br>(1967–1969)<br/>Auxiliary Bishop of Los Angeles (1946–1967)}} | birth_name = | birth_date = {{Birth date|1909|11|15|mf=y}} | birth_place = Ballingeary, Ireland | death_date = {{death date and age|1989|6|23|1909|11|15|mf=y}} | death_place = Los Angeles, California, US | buried = Calvary Cemetery, Los Angeles, California | nationality = | religion = | residence = | parents = | spouse = | children = | occupation = | profession = | alma_mater = | signature = | motto = ''Magnificat''<br>(My soul magnifies the Lord) | coat_of_arms = | education = Pontifical Gregorian University }} {{Ordination | date of consecration = October 15, 1946 | consecrated by = Joseph Thomas McGucken | bishop 1 = Juan Alfredo Arzube | consecration date 1 = May 25, 1971 | bishop 2 = William Robert Johnson | consecration date 2 = May 25, 1971 | bishop 3 = Manuel Duran Moreno | consecration date 3 = February 19, 1977 | bishop 4 = Thaddeus Anthony Shubsda | consecration date 4 = February 19, 1977 | bishop 5 = Phillip Francis Straling | consecration date 5 = November 6, 1978 | bishop 6 = Donald William Montrose | consecration date 6 = May 12, 1983 | bishop 7 = William Levada | consecration date 7 = May 12, 1983 | bishop 8 = John Thomas Steinbock | consecration date 8 = July 14, 1984 }} {{Infobox cardinal styles | cardinal name = Timothy Finbar Manning | dipstyle = His Eminence | offstyle = Your Eminence | relstyle = Cardinal | See = Los Angeles | image = Coat of arms of Timothy Manning.svg | image_size = 200px }}
'''Timothy Finbar Manning''' (Irish: ''Tadhg Ó Mongáin'') (November 15, 1909 – June 23, 1989) was an Irish-born prelate of the Roman Catholic Church who served as archbishop of Los Angeles in California from 1970 to 1985. He was elevated to the cardinalate in 1973.
Manning previously served as coadjutor archbishop of Los Angeles from 1969 to 1970, as bishop of Fresno in California from 1967 to 1969 and as an auxiliary bishop of Los Angeles from 1946 to 1967.
==Early life == Timothy Manning was born on November 15, 1909, in Ballingeary, Ireland, to Cornelius and Margaret (née Cronin) Manning.<ref name="cardinals">{{cite news|work=The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church|title=MANNING, Timothy|url=https://cardinals.fiu.edu/bios-m.htm#Manning|last=Miranda|first=Salvador}}</ref> While attending Mungret College in Limerick, he was recruited to finish his seminary studies in the United States. He entered St. Patrick Seminary in Menlo Park, California, in 1928.<ref name="obituary">{{cite news|date=1989-06-24|work=The New York Times|title=Timothy Cardinal Manning, 79; Guided Los Angeles Archdiocese|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=950DE2D9103FF937A15755C0A96F948260}}</ref>
== Priesthood == Manning was ordained into the priesthood for the Diocese of Los Angeles-San Diego at the Cathedral of Saint Vibiana in Los Angeles on June 16, 1934, by Bishop John Joseph Cantwell,<ref name="hierarchy" /> The diocese then sent Manning to Rome to further his studies at the Pontifical Gregorian University, obtaining a Doctor of Canon Law in 1938.<ref name="obituary" />
Upon his return to California in 1938, the diocese, which was now known as the Archdiocese of Los Angeles, assigned him to pastoral work in parishes. Cantwell named Manning as his personal secretary that same year. The Vatican elevated Manning to the rank of privy chamberlain in 1943 and domestic prelate in 1945.<ref name="cardinals" /> He became chancellor for the archdiocese in 1946.<ref name="cardinals" />
==Episcopal career==
=== Auxiliary Bishop of Los Angeles === On August 3, 1946, Manning was appointed auxiliary bishop of Los Angeles and titular bishop of Lesvi by Pope Pius XII. He received his episcopal consecration on October 15, 1946, from Bishop Joseph Thomas McGucken, with Bishops James Edward Walsh and Thomas Arthur Connolly serving as co-consecrators.<ref name="hierarchy">{{cite news|work=Catholic-Hierarchy.org|title=Timothy Cardinal Manning|url=http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bmanning.html}}{{Self-published source|date=May 2016}}</ref> Manning was appointed vicar general of the archdiocese in 1955. He attended the Second Vatican Council in Rome from 1962 to 1965.
===Bishop of Fresno=== Manning was named the first bishop of Fresno on October 16, 1967, by Pope Paul IV. During his tenure, he supported the organization of a labor union for farm workers in the Central Valley of California. He sought to reconcile differences between the wine producers and grape pickers.<ref name=obituary/>
===Coadjutor Archbishop and Archbishop of Los Angeles=== Manning was named coadjutor archbishop of Los Angeles and titular archbishop of Capreae on May 26, 1969, by Paul VI to assist Archbishop James Francis McIntyre. He succeeded McIntyre as the third archbishop of Los Angeles on January 21, 1970.
While a strong proponent of ecclesiastical authority, Manning took a more gentle style than his predecessor.<ref name="time">{{cite news|date=1973-02-12|work=TIME Magazine|title=New Red Hats|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,903838,00.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081214083926/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,903838,00.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=December 14, 2008}}</ref> The end of McIntyre's tenure had seen increased tensions between himself and the clergy and minority members.<ref name="obituary" /> Following his installation, Manning stated, "My first reaction was to make it known that I was here to listen."<ref name="obituary" />
Manning instituted ministries for black and Hispanic people, a presbyterial council to grant the clergy greater participation in the governance of the archdiocese, and an interparochial council to extend the same participation to the laity.<ref name="obituary" /> Shortly after Manning became archbishop, a majority of the Sisters of the Immaculate Heart of Mary, who had feuded with McIntyre, left the religious life and founded a lay community.<ref name="nuns">{{cite news|date=1970-02-16|work=TIME Magazine|title=The Immaculate Heart Rebels|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,904171,00.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071001001430/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,904171,00.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=October 1, 2007}}</ref> In 1973, Manning supported the merger of all-male Loyola University and all-female Marymount College, creating Loyola Marymount University; McIntyre had resisted attempts to allow co-education in these institutions.
Paul VI created Manning as cardinal-priest of the Church of S. Lucia a Piazza d'Armi in Rome during the consistory of March 5, 1973.
Manning participated in the conclaves of August and October 1978 that selected Popes John Paul I and John Paul II respectively. Before entering the August conclave, Manning noted that the Catholic Church "has no political support in many places". He called to the selection of a pope who could "change people through warmth."<ref name="conclave">{{cite news|date=1978-08-28|work=TIME Magazine|title=In Rome, a Week off Suspense|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,916332-4,00.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121102201103/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,916332-4,00.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=November 2, 2012}}</ref> In 1981, John Paul II sent Manning as a special papal envoy to the celebration in Drogheda, Ireland of the third centennial of the martyrdom of Oliver Plunkett, an Irish saint.<ref name="cardinals" />
==Later life and death== After fifteen years in Los Angeles, Manning retired as archbishop of Los Angeles on June 4, 1985. He then took up residence at Holy Family Parish in South Pasadena.<ref name=obituary/>
Manning died on June 23, 1989, at the Norris Cancer Hospital of the University of Southern California, aged 79.<ref name=obituary/> He is buried at Calvary Cemetery in East Los Angeles.<ref name=cardinals/>
== Viewpoints ==
=== Abortion === Staunchly anti-abortion, Manning declared that any Catholic who cooperated in an abortion would suffer excommunication from the Church, including the mother herself.<ref name="obituary" /> In 1974, in response to the Supreme Court's ruling on ''Roe v. Wade'', he testified before the Subcommittee on Constitutional Amendments of the Senate Judiciary Committee, saying, <blockquote>"An amendment is necessary first of all to protect the lives of the unborn children who can be killed—indeed, are being killed at this very moment—in the wake of the Supreme Court's decisions. But it is also needed to restore integrity to the law itself, to make the American legal system once more the guarantor and protector of all human rights and the human rights of all."<ref name="roe">{{cite news|date=1974-03-07|work=Priests for Life|title=1974 Testimony of Timothy Cardinal Manning to the Senate Committee on the Judiciary|url=https://www.priestsforlife.org/magisterium/bishops/cardinalmanningtestimony.htm}}</ref></blockquote>
=== Refugees === Manning called for a halt to the deportation of Salvadoran civil war refugees by the Reagan Administration in 1983.<ref name="obituary" />
=== War === During American involvement in the Vietnam War, Manning counseled young men facing the draft on their right to become conscientious objectors.<ref name="obituary" />
==References== {{reflist}}
==External links== *{{Commons category-inline}} *[http://www.la-archdiocese.org/ Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Los Angeles]
{{s-start}} {{s-rel|ca}} {{succession box | title = Bishop of Fresno | before = erected | after = Hugh Aloysius Donohoe | years = 1967–1970}} {{succession box | title = Archbishop of Los Angeles | before = James Francis McIntyre | after = Roger Mahony | years = 1970–1985}} {{s-end}}
{{Cardinals created under Paul VI}} {{Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Los Angeles}} {{Roman Catholic Diocese of Fresno}} {{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Manning, Timothy}} Category:1909 births Category:1989 deaths Category:Christian clergy from County Cork Category:20th-century American cardinals Category:Cardinals created by Pope Paul VI Category:American Roman Catholic clergy of Irish descent Category:Roman Catholic archbishops of Los Angeles Category:Bishops appointed by Pope Pius XII Category:Bishops appointed by Pope Paul VI Category:Participants in the Second Vatican Council Category:American anti-abortion activists Category:Irish emigrants to the United States Category:Saint Patrick's Seminary and University alumni Category:Pontifical Gregorian University alumni Category:Burials at Calvary Cemetery (Los Angeles) Category:People educated at Mungret College