Timeline of the 2011 England riots

{{Infobox Civil Conflict | title = 2011 England riots | image = [[File:Carpetright store after Tottenham riots.jpg|300px]] | caption = Firefighters douse a shop and flats destroyed by arson during the initial rioting in [[Tottenham]], [[North London]] | date = 10 August 2011 | place = Several districts across [[Greater London]], [[Greater Manchester]], [[Merseyside]], [[West Midlands (county)|West Midlands]], [[East Midlands]], [[West Yorkshire]], [[Bristol]] and several other areas.<ref>{{cite news | title = England riots: Maps and timeline |publisher=BBC News | url = https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-14436499 | accessdate =11 August 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | last = Rogers | first = Simon | title = UK riots: the key facts and figures |work=The Guardian |location=UK | date = 7 August 2011 | url = https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2011/aug/09/uk-riots-data-figures | accessdate =11 August 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | last = Payne | first = Sebastian | title = London riots: all incidents mapped in London and around the UK |work=The Daily Telegraph |location=UK | url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/law-and-order/8689355/London-riots-all-incidents-mapped-in-London-and-around-the-UK.html | accessdate =11 August 2011 | date=9 August 2011}}</ref> | methods = [[Looting]], [[arson]] | casualties3 = 5 deaths<ref name = "death_one">{{cite news | title = A young man shot in his car |work=The Guardian |location=UK | date = 9 August 2011 | url = https://www.theguardian.com/uk/blog/2011/aug/09/london-riots-violence-looting-live#block-95 | accessdate =9 August 2011 | first1=Richard | last1=Adams | first2=Matt | last2=Wells | first3=Sam | last3=Jones | first4=Paul | last4=Owen}}</ref><ref name = "death_two">{{cite news | title = Three killed protecting property during Birmingham riots |publisher=BBC News | date = 10 August 2011 | url = https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-birmingham-14471405 | accessdate =10 August 2011}}</ref><ref name="smh_leeds">{{cite news|title=Police, pollies in war of words over riots|url=http://news.smh.com.au/breaking-news-world/police-pollies-in-war-of-words-over-riots-20110813-1irg2.html|work=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]|accessdate=13 August 2011|date=13 August 2011}}</ref> 16+ civilian injuries<ref name="independent_injuries">{{cite news|title=The night that rioters ruled and police lost control of the streets of London|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/the-night-that-rioters-ruled-and-police-lost-control-of-the-streets-of-london-2335067.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220507/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/the-night-that-rioters-ruled-and-police-lost-control-of-the-streets-of-london-2335067.html |archive-date=7 May 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|work=The Independent |location=UK|accessdate=10 August 2011|date=10 August 2011|first=Cahal|last=Milmo}}</ref><ref name="bbc_mugging">[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-14476828 England riots: YouTube mugging victim 'recovering']. ''[[BBC News]].'' Retrieved on 11 August 2011.</ref> 186 police injuries<ref name="cnn_figures">{{cite news|title=Britain's rioters count cost of unrest as order restored|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/europe/08/12/uk.riots/|publisher=CNN|accessdate=12 August 2011|date=12 August 2011|archive-date=14 January 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114142822/http://edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/europe/08/12/uk.riots/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.sky.com/home/uk-news/article/16046035 |title=Live Updates From Sky News Team And Twitter: Riots Spread Across London | UK News | Sky News |publisher=News.sky.com |accessdate=11 August 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/world/police-warning-on-vigilante-justice-after-english-riots/story-e6frg6so-1226112680585 |title=Police warning on vigilante justice after English riots | The Australian |work=The Australian |date=11 August 2011 |accessdate=11 August 2011 |first1=Peter |last1=Wilson}}</ref> |casualties_label = Reported fatalities and injuries}} In early [[2011 England riots|August 2011, England was struck by riots]], the worst in the country in decades.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hounslowandbrentfordtimes.co.uk/uk_national_news/9184613.UK_shaken_by_worst_riots_in_decades/?ref=rss |title=UK shaken by worst riots in decades (From Hounslow And Brentford Times) |publisher=Hounslowandbrentfordtimes.co.uk |date=9 August 2011 |accessdate=20 August 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120412191316/http://www.hounslowandbrentfordtimes.co.uk/uk_national_news/9184613.UK_shaken_by_worst_riots_in_decades/?ref=rss |archive-date=12 April 2012 }}</ref> The timeline of the events of the riots spanned from 6–10 August. {{toclimit|3}}

==Saturday, 6 August==

===Protest march=== On 6 August, an initially peaceful protest was held, beginning at [[Broadwater Farm]] and finishing at Tottenham police station.<ref name="bolesworth">{{Cite news| last = Bolesworth| first = Sarah|author2=Barry Neild |author3=Peter Beaumont |author4=Paul Lewis |author5=Sandra Laville | title = Tottenham in flames as riot follows protest| work=The Observer| location = London| accessdate =7 August 2011| date = 7 August 2011| url = https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2011/aug/06/tottenham-riots-protesters-police}}</ref> The protest was organised by friends and relatives of Mark Duggan (who was [[Killing of Mark Duggan|killed by police on 4 August 2011]]), to assert a perceived unmet need for justice for the family.<ref name="guardian-06-duggan" /><ref name="autogenerated1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-14423942|title=Tottenham police shooting: Dead man was minicab passenger |work=BBC News | date=5 August 2011| accessdate=7 August 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.channel4.com/news/police-patrol-tottenham-after-riots |title=Tottenham riots are a disgrace, says MP|date=7 August 2011|publisher=Channel4.com |accessdate=7 August 2011}}</ref> The rioting occurred shortly after about 120 people marched from Broadwater Farm to Tottenham Police Station via the High Road.<ref name="harrowobserver1">{{cite web|url=http://www.harrowobserver.co.uk/west-london-news/world-uk-news/2011/08/07/eight-officers-hurt-as-riots-erupt-116451-29192283/ |title=Eight officers hurt as riots erupt |publisher=Harrow Observer |date=7 August 2011 |accessdate=20 August 2011}}</ref> The group demanded that a senior local police officer speak to them. They stayed in front of the police station hours longer than originally planned because they were not satisfied with the seniority of the officers available at the time. A younger and more aggressive crowd arrived around dusk, some of whom were armed. Violence broke out following a rumour that police had attacked a 16-year-old girl.<ref name="Guardian-07-peaceful" />

A series of disturbances by people in [[Tottenham]] followed the protest march on 6 August. The rioting occurred shortly after about 120 people marched from Broadwater to Tottenham Police Station via the High Road.<ref name="harrowobserver1"/> Tottenham is in the [[London Borough of Haringey|London borough of Haringey]], which has the fourth highest level of child poverty in London and 8.8% unemployment.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2011/aug/08/context-london-riots www.guardian.co.uk: There is a context to London's riots that can't be ignored]</ref>

At 22:15, a gang of youths burned down Tottenham's post office.{{Citation needed|date=August 2011}} From around 22:30, attacks were carried out on [[police car]]s, a [[double-decker bus]] and local businesses and homes. Police vans and officers from the [[Territorial Support Group]] attended the disorder on [[Tottenham High Road]]. Shops windows were smashed and the shops looted by rioters.<ref name="laville">{{Cite news| last = Laville| first = Sandra| title = Tottenham riot: 'very volatile' situation contained, for now| work=The Guardian| location = London| accessdate =7 August 2011| date = 7 August 2011| url = https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2011/aug/07/tottenham-riot-situation-analysis}}</ref> Fireworks, [[petrol bomb#Britain|petrol bombs]] and other missiles were thrown at police.<ref name="guardian-06-duggan">{{cite news|title=Tottenham in flames as protesters riot|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/aug/06/police-cars-attacked-tottenham-mark-duggan|work=The Guardian|accessdate=6 August 2011|location=London|date=6 August 2011}}</ref> Twenty-six officers were injured, including one who sustained head injuries. Firefighters experienced difficulty reaching a burning building because of the disorder.{{Citation needed|date=August 2011}}

A [[BBC News]] correspondent said his news crew and vehicle came under attack from youths throwing missiles.<ref name=bbc3rd>{{cite news |title=BBC satellite truck damaged in riots |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-14434771|newspaper=BBC News |date=7 August 2011 |access-date=7 August 2011}}</ref> Some news crews left the scene due to the threat of violence. The police set up a cordon around Tottenham police station and a nearby group of [[BBC]] and [[Sky UK|Sky]] journalists. Some of the police were on horseback.<ref name="bolesworth"/>

===Tottenham Hale=== The violent clashes were followed by the looting of [[Tottenham Hale]] retail park, which continued until dawn without police intervention.<ref name="Guardian-07-peaceful">{{Cite news| last = Lewis| first = Paul| title = Tottenham riots: a peaceful protest, then suddenly all hell broke loose| work=The Guardian| accessdate =7 August 2011| date = 7 August 2011| url = https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2011/aug/07/tottenham-riots-peaceful-protest| location=London}}</ref>

===Injuries and arrests=== [[London Ambulance Service]] confirmed that ten people had been treated for injuries and that nine were in hospital.<ref name="harrowobserver1"/>

==Sunday, 7 August==

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===London incidents===

====Enfield and Ponders End====

On Sunday evening, 7 August, violent disturbances erupted in [[Enfield Town|Enfield]], to the north of Tottenham, among a heavy presence of riot police.<ref name="Guardian-07-organised">{{Cite news| last = Lewis| first = Paul| title = Trouble spreads to Enfield – and this time it was organised| work=The Guardian| location = London| accessdate =8 August 2011| date = 7 August 2011| url = https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2011/aug/07/trouble-enfield-organised}}</ref>

Enfield Town centre, [[Enfield Town Park]] and alleyways between there and the Palace Garden shopping centre were guarded by police. A heavy police presence was seen outside [[Enfield Town railway station]] where people arriving were being searched for security reasons.<ref>{{cite web|title=Heavy police presence in Enfield Town Centre, but no rioting|url=http://www.enfieldindependent.co.uk/news/9182490.Heavy_police_presence_in_Enfield__but_no_rioting/|work=Enfield Independent|date=7 August 2011 |accessdate=7 August 2011}}</ref>

Riot police arrived in Enfield Town the afternoon of 7 August as several small groups of hooded youngsters arrived in cars, buses and trains. Around 100 people were waiting in small groups in the vicinity of Enfield Town station in Southbury Road.<ref name=enf1>{{cite web|title=Tension builds in Enfield Town as small groups arrive in area|url=http://www.enfieldindependent.co.uk/news/localnews/9182506.Tension_builds_in_Enfield_Town_as_small_groups_arrive_in_area/|work=Enfield Independent|date=7 August 2011 |accessdate=7 August 2011}}</ref>

Disorder ensued around 5:30 when a police car in Church Street was pelted with bricks.<ref>{{cite web|title=Police car trashed by Enfield Town rioters|url=http://www.enfieldindependent.co.uk/news/localnews/9182575.Police_car_trashed_by_Enfield_Town/|work=Enfield Independent|date=7 August 2011 |accessdate=7 August 2011}}</ref> Shops were attacked, including [[HMV]]'s branch in Church Street.<ref name="enfieldindependent1">{{cite web|url=http://www.enfieldindependent.co.uk/news/9182568.Clashes_between_rioters_and_police_in_Enfield_Town/?ref=mr |title=Clashes between rioters and police in Enfield Town (From Enfield Independent) |work=The Independent |date=7 August 2011 |location=UK |accessdate=8 August 2011}}</ref> A police helicopter hovered over the area.<ref name=enf1 />

At around 19:00, police pushed a group of around thirty youths back onto Southbury Road towards the junction with [[Great Cambridge Road]]. Police dogs were deployed at the scene.<ref name="enfieldindependent1"/> Similar action drove back approximately 50 people along Southbury Road via Queens Street, after a preceding clash with rioters outside a supermarket.<ref>{{cite news|first= David|last=Hardiman |url=http://www.enfieldindependent.co.uk/news/9182572.Shops_targeted_by_rioters__says_witness/ |title=Shops targeted by rioters in Enfield Town, says witness|work=Enfield Independent |location=London | date= 7 August 2011 |accessdate=8 August 2011}}</ref>

At 19:30, both [[Metropolitan Police]] officers and reinforcements from [[Kent Police]] cordoned off Enfield, making a "sterile area" to deal with local disturbances, including robberies at Enfield Retail Park.<ref name="guardian2">{{cite news|author=Sam Jones, Paul Lewis, Matthew Taylor and Ben Quinn |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2011/aug/08/london-riots-spread-second-night |title=London riots spread south of Thames| work=Guardian |location=London |date=8 July 2011 |accessdate=8 August 2011}}</ref>

The scenes of Enfield were "reminiscent of Tottenham, though smaller."<ref name="Guardian-07-organised" />

====Brixton====

Looting spread to Brixton that evening.<ref name="gabbatt1">{{cite news|last=Gabbatt|first=Adam|title=London riots: the third night – live coverage|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/blog/2011/aug/08/london-riots-third-night-live|newspaper=The Guardian|date=8 August 2011}}</ref> Six fire engines fought a blaze at a [[Foot Locker]] shoe shop in [[Brixton]].<ref name="channel1">{{cite web|url=http://www.channel4.com/news/london-riots-spread |title=Theresa May returns to UK as London riots spread – Channel 4 News |publisher=Channel4.com |accessdate=8 August 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.london24.com/news/crime/brixton_looting_video_shows_unrest_1_987330|title=Brixton looting: Video shows unrest|publisher=London 24|access-date=16 August 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324132438/http://www.london24.com/news/crime/brixton_looting_video_shows_unrest_1_987330|archive-date=24 March 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> Riot police and youths clashed near a local [[Currys]] store that was broken into during the disturbances.<ref name="guardian2"/> Speaking to ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]'', a local resident described "hundreds" of men and women entering the electrical shop and emerging with TVs and other electrical goods. When police arrived, the looters attacked, throwing rocks and the contents of rubbish bins at officers. A branch of [[Halfords]] was targeted and looted by youths.<ref name="telegraph brixton looting">{{cite news|last=Ward|first=Victoria|title=Brixton riots: looters hit Currys, Foot Locker and Halfords|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/crime/8688357/Brixton-riots-looters-hit-Currys-Foot-Locker-and-Halfords.html|accessdate=8 August 2011|newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|date=8 August 2011|location=London}}</ref>

One Brixton resident said: "People were coming to Brixton from outside the area. I was getting out of Brixton Tube last night about 22:30 and going up the escalator when about 10 teenagers ran up the escalator and pushed me to one side."<ref name="yourlocalguardian1"/> By 11:57, both [[Tesco]] and Foot Locker were targeted by looters. [[Lambeth Council]]'s leader, Councillor Steve Reed said of the mobs in Streatham, "They were looters not rioters."<ref name="streathamguardian1">{{cite web |url=http://www.streathamguardian.co.uk/news/9183409.UPDATE__Lambeth_Council_leader__They_were_looters_not_rioters_/ |title=UPDATE: Lambeth Council leader "They were looters not rioters". (From Streatham Guardian) |publisher=Streathamguardian.co.uk |accessdate=8 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930030826/http://www.streathamguardian.co.uk/news/9183409.UPDATE__Lambeth_Council_leader__They_were_looters_not_rioters_/ |archive-date=30 September 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

====Wood Green====

Disorder broke out in Wood Green, two miles (3 km) from Tottenham, during the early hours of 7 August. Widespread looting<ref>{{cite news|title=Riots, fires break out in North London|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna44047155|work=NBC News| date=7 August 2011 |access-date=7 August 2011}}</ref> involved around 100 youths who targeted high-street game shops, electrical shops and clothing chains.<ref>{{Cite news| last = Lewis| first = Paul| title = Tottenham riot: Sustained looting follows night of violence| work=The Guardian| location = London| accessdate =7 August 2011| date = 7 August 2011| url = https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2011/aug/07/tottenham-riot-looting-north-london}}</ref> Others ransacked local shops on [[Wood Green High Road]].<ref name=londondailynews>{{Cite news|title=Police lose control of streets shop owners form local "protection units"|work=The London Daily News|url=http://www.thelondondailynews.com/police-lose-control-streets-shop-owners-form-local-protection-units-p-5381.html|date=7 August 2011|accessdate=7 August 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111004082333/http://www.thelondondailynews.com/police-lose-control-streets-shop-owners-form-local-protection-units-p-5381.html|archive-date=4 October 2011}}</ref> A family-run jeweller was hit.<ref name="watchshop1">{{cite web|url=http://www.watchshop.com/watchnews/Jewellers-targeted-in-London-riots$800693104.html |title=Jewellers targeted in London riots – Watch News |publisher=Watchshop.com |accessdate=8 August 2011}}</ref>

By 20:00, major rioting had spread to [[Wood Green]], with riot police on hand.<ref name="Guardian-07-peaceful" /> Again, the police did not intervene to stop the looting.<ref name="Guardian-07-peaceful" /> The mostly [[Turks in the United Kingdom|Turkish]] and [[Kurdish people|Kurdish]] shop owners along Wood Green, [[Turnpike Lane, Haringey|Turnpike Lane]] and [[Green Lanes (London)|Green Lanes]], [[Harringay]], formed local 'protection units' around their shops.<ref name=londondailynews />

====Other areas==== *[[Dalston]]: Looting hit [[Kingsland, London|Kingsland shopping centre]] including [[JD Sports]] and [[Foot Locker]].<ref name=standard6549>{{cite news|last=Lydall|first=Ross|work=The Evening Standard|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/hp/front/mob-rule-in-the-captial-6430664.html|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130505110003/http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard/article-23976549-mob-rule-in-the-captial.do|url-status=live|archive-date=5 May 2013|date=8 August 2011|access-date=8 August 2011|title=Mob rule in the capital}}</ref> *[[Denmark Hill]]: A gangland fight broke out at [[King's College Hospital]] at about 20:30, where two victims of a minor stabbing had been admitted earlier.<ref name=standard6549 /> *[[Islington]]: The windscreen of a police vehicle was smashed as groups of youths caused a disturbance.<ref name="channel1" /> *[[Leyton]]: Looting occurred at [[Currys]] in Leyton Mills retail park and the bicycle shop Bike Shack.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2011/aug/08/london-riots-tottenham-duggan-blog|title=London riots – Monday's events as they happened|work=The Guardian |location=UK |date=8 August 2011|first1=Sam|last1=Jones|first2=Matt|last2=Wells}}</ref> *[[Oxford Circus]]: Overnight, violence spread to [[Oxford Circus]], central London, as about 50 youths gathered and damaged property.<ref name="guardian2"/><ref>{{cite news|author=AP |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/international/article2335781.ece |title=News / International : Police arrest 160 people for London riots |work=The Hindu |accessdate=8 August 2011 |location=Chennai, India |date=8 August 2011}}</ref> *[[Shepherd's Bush]]: The police skirmished on the Edward Wood Estate in Shepherd's Bush, while a shop was looted in King's Road.<ref name="fulhamchronicle1">{{cite web|last=Courtney |first=Adam |url=http://www.fulhamchronicle.co.uk/fulham-and-hammersmith-news/local-fulham-and-hammersmith-news/2011/08/08/riot-mayhem-spreads-to-fulham-witnesses-82029-29202289/#ixzz1UkGQYn4G |title=Nine arrests as violence spreads to Fulham – Local News – News |publisher=Fulham Chronicle |date=9 August 2011 |accessdate=11 August 2011}}</ref> *[[Streatham]]: A T-Mobile shop, JD Sports and other shops were ransacked. Councillor Mark Bennett said the owner of one shop in [[Streatham High Road]] was hospitalised after a mob attacked the shop.<ref name="yourlocalguardian1">{{cite web |url=http://www.yourlocalguardian.co.uk/news/local/streathamnews/9183106.UPDATE__Looters_cause_chaos_in_Streatham_and_Brixton/ |title=Looters cause chaos in Streatham and Brixton |date=8 August 2011 |publisher=Yourlocalguardian.co.uk |accessdate=8 August 2011}}</ref> *[[Woolwich]]: In Woolwich town centre local shops were looted and set on fire, including the [[Great Harry Pub]],<ref name="newsshopper1">{{cite web|url=http://www.newsshopper.co.uk/news/9185012.IMAGES__The_aftermath_of_last_night_s_riots_in_Woolwich/ |title=Pictures of the destruction on Woolwich streets following a night of violence and looting (From News Shopper) |publisher=Newsshopper.co.uk |date=9 August 2011 |accessdate=20 August 2011}}</ref> which later became the focus of local opinion about the events and was featured on [[Sky News]] after locals began writing their thoughts and messages on the boarded-up shell. Many locals felt that news coverage neglected the Woolwich events.<ref name="News.sky.com">{{cite web|url=http://news.sky.com/home/video/16050090 |title=Video: Sky's Mark Stone Speaks With Woolwich Locals Ben Bailey, Danny Mercer And Thomas Hill - Sky News Video Player |publisher=News.sky.com |date=15 August 2011 |accessdate=20 August 2011}}</ref><ref name="WhittleTown">{{cite news|last1=Whittle|first1=Peter|title=How Liberals And Looters Trashed My Town|url=http://www.standpointmag.co.uk/features-september-11-how-looters-and-liberals-trashed-my-town-peter-whittle-woolwich-riots-immigration-multiculturalism|accessdate=23 October 2017|publisher=[[Standpoint (magazine)|Standpoint]]|date=September 2011}}</ref>

===Hertfordshire incidents=== *[[Waltham Cross]], Hertfordshire: Looters and rioters attacked two police cars and two jewellers in Waltham Cross High Street at around 21:50. A specialist public order unit was sent to the area, along with sections of the Bedfordshire and Hertfordshire Police Dog Unit.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hertfordshiremercury.co.uk/Cheshunt-and-Waltham/Police-monitor-situation-in-Waltham-Cross-07082011.htm |title=Cheshunt & Waltham News | Arrests after Waltham Cross riots |publisher=Hertfordshiremercury.co.uk |accessdate=9 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111005164357/http://www.hertfordshiremercury.co.uk/Cheshunt-and-Waltham/Police-monitor-situation-in-Waltham-Cross-07082011.htm |archive-date=5 October 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

===Public response=== On 7 August, riots led to the cancellation of the Hackney One Carnival and Parks for Life Festival in Clissold Park, [[Stoke Newington]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.stokenewingtonpeople.co.uk/Tottenham-Riots-cause-Hackney-Carnival-Parks-Life/story-13089016-detail/story.html |title=Tottenham Riots cause Hackney One Carnival and Parks for Life Festival in Clissold to be cancelled |publisher=Stoke Newington People |accessdate=20 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120325125442/http://www.stokenewingtonpeople.co.uk/Tottenham-Riots-cause-Hackney-Carnival-Parks-Life/story-13089016-detail/story.html |archive-date=25 March 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

===Political and legal response=== [[Operation Withern]] was launched to investigate the cause of Mark Duggan's fatal shooting and the subsequent riots.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-14438109|title=London riots: Met Police launch major investigation|publisher=BBC | date=7 August 2011}}</ref> According to a statement by the [[Metropolitan Police Service]], Operation Withern was being led by [[Detective Superintendent]] [[John Sweeney (police officer)|John Sweeney]] of the Metropolitan Police Service, and is made up of detectives from the [[Homicide and Serious Crime Command]], specialist investigators from the Public Order Branch and police support staff.<ref>{{citation|title=Statements following disorder in Tottenham|date=7 August 2011|publisher=Metropolitan Police Service}}</ref>

The MP for Brent North, [[Barry Gardiner]], said that community involvement there had so far prevented riots.<ref name="harrowobserver2">{{cite web|url=http://www.harrowobserver.co.uk/west-london-news/local-harrow-news/2011/08/09/community-involvement-stopped-riots-in-brent-says-mp-116451-29205724/ |title='Community involvement' stopped riots in Brent says MP |publisher=Harrow Observer |date=9 August 2011 |accessdate=20 August 2011}}</ref>

The Mayor of London, [[Boris Johnson]], revealed that he had provided an extra £42,000,000 to the [[Metropolitan Police]] during the previous year to increase police numbers in London.<ref name="harrowobserver2"/>

===Police=== Officers from [[North Yorkshire Police]] responded to the request to assist their colleagues in London.

==Monday, 8 August== [[File:Croydon Riots 2011.jpg|thumb|right|Stand-off between rioters and police in Croydon]]

===London=== By 07:59, the Metropolitan Police Commander Christine Jones said: "This is a challenging situation with small pockets of violence, looting and disorder breaking out on a number of boroughs."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.yourlocalguardian.co.uk/news/local/streathamnews/9182876.Rioting_spreads_to_south_London/ |title=Rioting spreads to south London in Streatham and Brixton (From Your Local Guardian) |date=8 August 2011 |publisher=Yourlocalguardian.co.uk |accessdate=8 August 2011}}</ref> Jewellery shops across Tottenham, Enfield and Wood Green suffered break-ins.<ref name="watchshop1"/> The Victoria line was closed between Stockwell and Brixton "due to civil unrest", according to [[London Underground]].<ref name="gabbatt1"/> Angel, Islington, Stoke Newington and Wood Green were in police lockdown.<ref name="gabbatt1"/> All 32 boroughs of London were placed on riot alert.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2011/aug/09/london-boroughs-alert-riots-police|title=London boroughs on alert after third night of violence|work=The Guardian |location=UK |date=9 August 2011|first=Vikram|last=Dodd}}</ref>

====Croydon==== Police closed the entire area around [[West Croydon station]] on the evening of 8 August. Bricks, bottles, stones and fireworks were thrown at police. Looted shops included branches of [[Argos (retailer)|Argos]], [[Iceland (supermarket)|Iceland]], [[House of Fraser]], [[Orange (UK)|Orange]], [[Maplin Electronics]] and [[Tesco]]. Purley Way stores [[Best Buy]], [[PC World (retailer)|PC World]] and [[Comet (retailer)|Comet]] were heavily looted for electronics.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.croydonguardian.co.uk/archive/2013/08/08/10600125.Croydon_riots_two_years_on__10_suspects_still_wanted_by_police/?ref=arc | title=Croydon riots two years on: 10 suspects still wanted by police (From Croydon Guardian) | access-date=12 August 2013 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131216094131/http://www.croydonguardian.co.uk/archive/2013/08/08/10600125.Croydon_riots_two_years_on__10_suspects_still_wanted_by_police/?ref=arc | archive-date=16 December 2013 | url-status=dead | df=dmy-all }}</ref> Many other small businesses were also affected.

A large furniture shop, [[House of Reeves]], which had been in [[Croydon]] since 1867,<ref name="thisislondon1"/><ref name="Reeves">{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/familys-croydon-furniture-store-destroyed-in-riots-2334330.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220507/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/familys-croydon-furniture-store-destroyed-in-riots-2334330.html |archive-date=7 May 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=Family's Croydon furniture [shop] destroyed in riots|work=The Independent |location=UK|accessdate=9 August 2011|first1=Tom|last1=Morgan|first2=Alison|last2=Kershaw|date=9 August 2011}}</ref> was burned to the ground.<ref>[http://www.croydonguardian.co.uk/news/9183466.LIVE__Riot_fallout_hits_Croydon/ Riot fallout hits Croydon] ''Croydon Guardian'', 8 August 2011> {{cite web|url=http://www.thisislocallondon.co.uk/news/9183466.LIVE__Riots_in_Croydon/ |title=LIVE UPDATES: Riot fallout hits south London, Croydon (From This Is Local London) |date=8 August 2011 |publisher=Thisislocallondon.co.uk |accessdate=8 August 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-14449675 |title=BBC News – London riots |publisher=BBC |accessdate=8 August 2011}}</ref><ref name=independent748>{{cite news|work=The Independent|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/home-secretary-condemns-rioting-2333748.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220507/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/home-secretary-condemns-rioting-2333748.html |archive-date=7 May 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|date=8 August 2011|accessdate=8 August 2011|title=Home Secretary condemns rioting|location=London}}</ref> Arsonists struck later that night and destroyed another building in the Reeves Corner district of Croydon.<ref name="thisislondon1"/> A Sky News satellite van came under attack and many shops, cars and buses were set alight in West Croydon.<ref name="thisislondon1"/> At 19:45, [[Croydon Advertiser]] reporter Gareth Davies was mugged while reporting in Surrey Street and Church Street.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.holdthefrontpage.co.uk/2011/news/reporter-attacked-during-riots-tells-of-darkest-day/ |title=Reporter attacked during riots tells of 'darkest day' - Journalism News from |publisher=HoldtheFrontPage |date=12 August 2011 |accessdate=20 August 2011}}</ref>

A 26-year-old man from Brixton, Trevor Ellis, was shot and killed in South Croydon on Warrington Road.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.yourlocalguardian.co.uk/news/local/croydonnews/9189617.Suspected_looter_shot_dead_in_Croydon_named/|title=Suspected looter shot dead in Croydon named as man from Brixton|date=11 August 2011|work=Croydon Guardian|accessdate=8 March 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131017074643/http://www.yourlocalguardian.co.uk/news/local/croydonnews/9189617.Suspected_looter_shot_dead_in_Croydon_named/|archive-date=17 October 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.croydonguardian.co.uk/news/9783103.Shot_for_looting/|title=Murdered man would not have died had he not been at riots, say police|last=Williamson|first=Hannah|date=27 June 2012|work=Croydon Guardian|accessdate=8 March 2013}}</ref> Police believe he was shot after a car chase following an argument over stolen goods, but as of September 2020 had not charged any suspects.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.mylondon.news/news/south-london-news/trevor-ellis-croydon-riots-shooting-16396188|title=Trevor Ellis riot murder: Reward offered|date=8 August 2012|work=BBC News|accessdate=8 March 2013}}</ref>

In February 2012, the Croydon Advertiser reported an investigation was underway following reports that only 3% of the police attended to the riots in Croydon whilst others were deployed elsewhere.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.croydonadvertiser.co.uk/Croydon-s-public-order-officers-deployed-London/story-15342303-detail/story.html|title=All of Croydon's public order officers deployed elsewhere in London on night of riots, report findsdate=8 August 2012|work=Croydon Advertiser|accessdate=28 February 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140408220132/http://www.croydonadvertiser.co.uk/Croydon-s-public-order-officers-deployed-London/story-15342303-detail/story.html|archive-date=8 April 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref>

====Ealing==== Some Ealing businesses were asked by police to close at 5 pm.<ref name="Ealing Gazette"/> On Ealing Broadway a group of 200 people<ref name="thisislondon1" /> attacked police cars<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.ealinggazette.co.uk/ealing-news/local-ealing-news/2011/08/09/ealing-reporter-attacked-during-night-of-violence-64767-29204447/ |title=Ealing reporter attacked during night of violence|first= Steve|last=Bax|work=Ealing Gazette |date=9 August 2011 |accessdate=9 August 2011}}</ref> and vandalised and looted shops.<ref name="thisislondon1" />

Around Haven Green, close to Ealing Broadway tube station, cars and a bus were set alight and many other cars vandalised,<ref name="Ealing Gazette">{{cite web |url= http://ealing.ealinggazette.co.uk/2011/08/police-crackdown-in-ealing-bro-1.html |title=Police lockdown Ealing Broadway after cars and buses set on fire |first=Poppy |last=Bradbury |work=Ealing Gazette |date=8 August 2011 |accessdate=9 August 2011}}</ref> shops had their windows smashed, a supermarket was looted<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.metro.co.uk/news/871811-ealing-riots-a-timeline-of-the-violence-and-looting |title=Ealing riots: A timeline of the violence and looting | work=Metro | date=9 August 2011 |accessdate=9 August 2011}}</ref> and nearby residential properties were burgled.<ref name="LES Marauding"/> Near Ealing Green more shops were looted,<ref name="Independent, Ealing">{{cite news |url= https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/owner-of-looted-shop-slams-police-2334312.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220507/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/owner-of-looted-shop-slams-police-2334312.html |archive-date=7 May 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |title=Owner of looted shop slams police |work=The Independent |date=9 August 2011 |publisher=[[Independent News & Media|INM]] |location=[[London]] |issn=0951-9467 |oclc=185201487 |accessdate=9 August 2011}}</ref> several cars torched<ref name="Independent, Ealing"/> and a supermarket set alight with petrol bombs.<ref name="LES Marauding">{{cite web |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/hp/front/marauding-gangs-used-chaos-as-cover-for-housebreaking-6430997.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130422052435/http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard/article-23976780-marauding-gangs-used-chaos-as-cover-for-housebreaking.do |url-status=live |archive-date=22 April 2013 |title=Marauding gangs used chaos as cover for housebreaking | News |first=Kiran |last=Randhawa |work=The Evening Standard |location=London |date=9 August 2011 |access-date=9 August 2011 }}</ref> Rioters attempting to vandalise two pubs in this area were dissuaded by the customers and staff.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.morningadvertiser.co.uk/news.ma/article/91361 |title=Riots: Customers come to the rescue of Ealing pub |first= Gurjit |last=Degun |work=Morning Advertiser |date=9 August 2011|accessdate=9 August 2011}}</ref> Hundreds of young people looted shops in West Ealing.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.rapidtvnews.com/index.php/2011080914191/britains-entertainment-industry-not-immune-to-riots.html |title=Britain's entertainment industry not immune to riots |first= Juan Pablo |last= Conti |work=Rapid TV News |date=9 August 2011 |accessdate=9 August 2011}}</ref> There was minor trouble in Ealing Green.<ref name="thisislondon1"/> A 68-year-old man, Richard Bowes, was assaulted and robbed when he tried to remonstrate with rioters. He was said to be attempting to put out a fire when he was attacked. He was taken to hospital with life-threatening injuries, and died three days later.<ref name="bbc"/> His killer, Darell Desuze, was sentenced to eight years’ detention.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2012/apr/17/teenager-sentenced-riots-death-pensioner?CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other|title=Teenager sentenced over death of pensioner during Ealing riots|website=[[TheGuardian.com]]|date=17 April 2012}}</ref>

====London Borough of Enfield====

On the morning of 8 August several shops in [[Enfield Town]] and in the nearby [[A10 road (England)|A10]] [[retail park]] were vandalised and looted,<ref name="gabbatt1"/> and two vehicles set ablaze.<ref name="guardian2"/> A large crowd of youths moved westwards, toward nearby [[Ponders End]] and wrecked a local Tesco.<ref name="guardian3">{{cite news|author=Sam Jones, Paul Lewis, Matthew Taylor and Ben Quinn |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2011/aug/08/london-riots-spread-second-night |title=London riots spread south of Thames |work=The Guardian |location=UK |date=8 July 2011 |accessdate=8 August 2011}}</ref> Hundreds of riot police and canine units arrived with vans and charged at groups of teenagers until they dispersed, smashing cars and shop windows on the way.<ref name="channel1"/><ref name="guardian3"/> A large [[Sony]] distribution centre was set alight and the fire destroyed the building.<ref>Hardiman, David. [http://www.enfieldindependent.co.uk/news/localnews/9184246.Massive_fire_at_Enfield_warehouse/ Massive fire at Enfield warehouse in Solar Way]. ''Enfield Independent''. Accessed 9 August 2011.</ref> Three Watford [[fire engines]] were called to the Sony warehouse in Enfield at about 03.30 the next day.<ref name="watfordobserver1">{{cite web|url=http://www.watfordobserver.co.uk/news/9184ad9.Watford_crews_tackle_London_riot_blaze/ |title=Watford crews tackle London riot blaze (From Watford Observer) |publisher=Watfordobserver.co.uk |date=9 August 2011 |accessdate=20 August 2011}}</ref>

====Elsewhere in London====

*[[Balham]]: Several shops were looted.<ref name="guardian_battersea"/> *[[Barking, London|Barking]]: A 20-year-old Malaysian student was beaten and then robbed twice by looters in Barking. He suffered a broken jaw, requiring surgery and a night stay in hospital.<ref name=autogenerated2>{{cite news|last=Wardrop|first=Murray|title=London riots: YouTube crime victim a Malaysian student|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/crime/8691953/London-riots-YouTube-crime-victim-a-Malaysian-student.html|work=The Daily Telegraph |location=UK|accessdate=10 August 2011|date=10 August 2011}}</ref> *[[London Borough of Barnet|Barnet]]: About 60 people were chased off by riot police after looting shops in Barnet in the night.<ref name="belfasttelegraph1"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.times-series.co.uk/news/9184215.Witness_saw_police_chase_60_strong_group_through_Barnet/ |title=Witness saw police chase 60-strong group through Mays Lane, Barnet (From Times Series) |date=8 August 2011 |publisher=Times-series.co.uk |accessdate=9 August 2011}}</ref> Minor disturbances occurred at the Brent Cross shopping centre.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/international/england-game-in-jeopardy-as-riots-spread-across-capital-2334050.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220507/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/international/england-game-in-jeopardy-as-riots-spread-across-capital-2334050.html |archive-date=7 May 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |title=FA to follow police advice over England game – International, Football |work=The Independent |location=UK |accessdate=9 August 2011 |first=Sam |last=Wallace |date=9 August 2011}}</ref> *[[Battersea]]: The windows of many shops on Lavender Hill and St. John's Road were smashed, many were looted, and one shop was destroyed by fire.<ref>{{cite news|last=Bryant|first=Miranda|title=I left Paris because it wasn't safe... now this is a war zone|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/hp/front/i-left-paris-because-it-wasn-t-safe-now-this-is-a-war-zone-6430967.html|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120912173224/http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard/article-23976755-i-left-paris-because-it-wasnt-safe-and-8201-and-8201now-this-is-a-war-zone.do|url-status=live|archive-date=12 September 2012|access-date=10 August 2011|newspaper=Evening Standard|date=9 August 2011}}</ref> The local Debenhams was looted that night.<ref name="thisislondon1"/><ref name="guardian_battersea">{{cite web|title=Battersea businesses begin to assess riot damage|url=http://www.yourlocalguardian.co.uk/news/local/wandsworthnews/9185649.Businesses_begin_to_assess_riot_damage/|work=The Guardian |location=UK|accessdate=11 August 2011|date=9 August 2011}}</ref> *[[Bayswater]]: A mob of around 30 teenagers and adults targeted businesses along Queensway. Shops, including Best One and Maplin as well as Whiteley's Shopping Centre, had their windows smashed. The gang tried to loot some of the businesses but the police repelled them. Queensway and Ladbroke Grove tube stations closed early due to the troubles.<ref name="westminster_chronicle_bayswater">{{cite web|title=Riot chaos reaches Bayswater|url=http://westminster.londoninformer.co.uk/2011/08/riot-chaos-reaches-bayswater.html|work=Westminster Chronicle |location=UK|accessdate=9 August 2011|date=9 August 2011}}</ref><ref name="demotix_bayswater">{{cite web|title=Shops looted along Queensway in Bayswater - London|url=http://www.demotix.com/news/783198/shops-looted-along-queensway-bayswater-london|work=Demotix|location=UK|accessdate=8 August 2011|date=8 August 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120703000415/http://www.demotix.com/news/783198/shops-looted-along-queensway-bayswater-london|archive-date=3 July 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> *[[Bethnal Green]]: Running battles with police occurred in Bethnal Green Road and surrounding streets.<ref name="gabbatt1"/> *[[Camden Town]]: Minor overnight disturbances broke out in the area, quelled by police.<ref name="gabbatt1"/> *[[Catford]]: Looters broke into several shops in [[Rushey Green (ward)|Rushey Green]] including an independent opticians, Argos, 99p Stores, JD Sports and a Halfords store.<ref>{{cite news|last=Rogersa |first=Simon |url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2011/aug/09/uk-riots-incident-listed-mapped |title=UK riots: every verified incident. Download the full list | News |publisher=guardian.co.uk |date=10 August 2011 |accessdate=20 August 2011 |location=London}}</ref> *[[Charlton, London|Charlton]]: Police dispersed local riots,<ref name="kentonline1" /> but Stone Lake Retail Park shops were looted. *[[Chelsea, London|Chelsea]]: Looters broke into an antiques shop in King's Road.<ref name=standard6549 /> *[[Chingford Mount]]: Three police officers were hospitalised after being hit by a fast-moving vehicle in [[Chingford Mount]], [[Waltham Forest]], at 00:45. The officers had started making arrests after a shop was being looted by youths.<ref name="channel1"/> *[[Chislehurst]]: By 11:30, the police had cordoned off Bromley town centre with both the High Street and Bromley South railway station closed after a stand-off with rioters.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thisislocallondon.co.uk/whereilive/southeast/bromley/9184210.UPDATES__Bromley_riots/?ref=rss |title=UPDATES: Bromley riots (From This Is Local London) |publisher=Thisislocallondon.co.uk |date=8 August 2011 |accessdate=20 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003060147/http://www.thisislocallondon.co.uk/whereilive/southeast/bromley/9184210.UPDATES__Bromley_riots/?ref=rss |archive-date=3 October 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The stand-off lasted until at least 18:35.<ref name="wordpress1">{{cite web|url=http://chislehurstnews.wordpress.com/2011/08/08/the-riot-on-our-doorstep/ |title=The riot on our doorstep | ChislehurstNews |publisher=Chislehurstnews.wordpress.com |accessdate=20 August 2011}}</ref> *[[Colliers Wood]]: By 22:12, looting and vandalism hit Colliers Wood retail park until police arrived. A stand-off developed after 21:30 when police withdrew from the Tandem Centre, where the rioters broke into the shops including Sports Direct, JD Sports, PC World and Mothercare.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.yourlocalguardian.co.uk/news/9184207.UPDATE__Riots_spread_to_Colliers_Wood_shopping_centres/?ref=ms |title=UPDATE: Riots spread to Colliers Wood Tandem shopping centre (From Your Local Guardian) |date=8 August 2011 |publisher=Yourlocalguardian.co.uk |accessdate=11 August 2011}}</ref> *[[Crystal Palace, London|Crystal Palace]]: At 12:10, a group of Crystal Palace residents united to see off the looters.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.yourlocalguardian.co.uk/news/9183466.LIVE__Riots_in_Croydon/?ref=mr |title=LIVE UPDATES: Riot fallout hits south London, Croydon (From Your Local Guardian) |date=8 August 2011 |publisher=Yourlocalguardian.co.uk |accessdate=11 August 2011}}</ref> *[[Dulwich]]: A [[Tesco Express]] shop on East Dulwich Road and shops in Lordship Lane were looted.<ref name="southwark_news" /> *[[Fulham]]: Police made nine arrests as the violence spread to Fulham.<ref name=fulhamchron>{{cite news|url= http://www.fulhamchronicle.co.uk/fulham-and-hammersmith-news/local-fulham-and-hammersmith-news/2011/08/08/riot-mayhem-spreads-to-fulham-witnesses-82029-29202289/#ixzz1UkGQYn4G|title=Nine arrests as violence spreads to Fulham| work=Fulham and Hammersmith Chronicle |first=Adam|last= Courtney| date=8 August 2011 |accessdate=11 August 2011 }}</ref> The area was cleared by about 1:00 am, with only a smashed window at a [[Foot Locker]] shop.<ref name=fulhamchron /> Police officers stood guard outside PC World in the Wandsworth Bridge Road business park, as looters threatened to storm in.<ref name="fulhamchronicle1"/><ref name=fulhamchron /> *[[Hackney, London|Hackney]]: Sporadic skirmishes were reported to have occurred between police and groups of young people around [[Mare Street]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-14450248|title=London riots: Violence erupts for third day|publisher=BBC | date=9 August 2011}}</ref> Youths threw bottles, petrol bombs and the contents of rubbish bins. Bins and cars were set on fire and the mounted and riot police charged retreating gangs.<ref name="gabbatt1"/> *[[Harlesden]]: Looters targeted a pawnbroker in the evening.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london24.com/news/crime/looters_target_harlesden_pawnbrokers_1_988158 |title=Looters target Harlesden pawnbrokers - Crime |publisher=London 24 |accessdate=20 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927093641/http://www.london24.com/news/crime/looters_target_harlesden_pawnbrokers_1_988158 |archive-date=27 September 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Shops were looted in the town centre, as well as a jewellery shop in Harrow Road.<ref name="thisislondon1">{{cite news|first=Ross|last=Lydall|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/hp/front/shock-and-anger-as-city-awakes-to-worst-scenes-since-the-blitz-6430993.html|title=Shock and anger as city awakes to worst scenes since the Blitz|work=Evening Standard|date=9 August 2011|access-date=9 August 2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121209083518/http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard/article-23976771-shock-and-anger-as-city-awakes-to-worst-scenes-since-the-blitz.do|archive-date=9 December 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wbtimes.co.uk/news/harlesden_traders_attacked_as_looters_attempt_to_storm_their_shops_1_988261|title=Harlesden traders attacked as looters attempt to storm their shops|work=Willesden and Brent Times |date=8 August 2011|publisher=Willesden & Brent Times}}</ref> *[[London Borough of Hounslow]]: Both [[Hounslow]] and [[Feltham]] experienced mass looting of convenience stores and supermarkets, particularly in Hounslow high street and Brentford respectively. *[[Ilford]]: A jewellery shop was targeted and an electrical shop was broken into. Lines of riot police protected Ilford Police Station. A man was treated by paramedics in Ilford Hill at about 19:30. One eyewitness said that the man was "intentionally" hit by a car, which then drove off.<ref name="IlfordRecorder">{{cite news|url=http://www.ilfordrecorder.co.uk/news/news/looting_in_ilford_as_violence_spreads_1_988440|publisher=Ilford Recorder|title=Looting in Ilford as violence spreads|date=9 August 2011|accessdate=10 August 2011}}</ref> *[[Islington]]: Sporadic night-time riots occurred.<ref name="belfasttelegraph1"/> *[[Kingston upon Thames]]: Kingston's pubs and clubs shut early, with the Wetherspoons, opposite The Oceana Club, one of many to shut early at about 22:00 on police advice as the town braced itself. The [[online]] rumour that an offshoot of the rioting had got to Kingston's town centre was unfounded. A [[Twitter]] report falsely claimed that Kingston's [[Bentall Centre, Kingston|Bentall Centre]] was a blazing and looted ruin.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.surreycomet.co.uk/news/topstories/9184590.Rumours_of_Kingston_riot_unfounded/ |title=Rumours of Kingston riot unfounded (From Surrey Comet) |publisher=Surreycomet.co.uk |date=9 August 2011|accessdate=26 September 2011}}</ref> Ultimately, Kingston suffered no incidents. *[[Lewisham]]: Sporadic rioting occurred in Lewisham in the evening, but rioters were quickly dispersed by riot police.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.sky.com/home/uk-news/article/16045926|title=More Violence In London And Now Birmingham|publisher=Sky}}</ref> At 18:35, 15 riot policemen faced down a large group of mainly angry young people in Lee High Road, Lewisham.<ref name="wordpress1"/> Police dispersed local riots.<ref name="kentonline1">{{cite web|url=http://www.kentonline.co.uk/dartford_messenger/news/2011/august/9/riot_police_patrol_bluewater.aspx|title=Riot police patrol Bluewater|publisher=Kentonline.co.uk|accessdate=10 August 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121004093100/http://www.kentonline.co.uk/dartford_messenger/news/2011/august/9/riot_police_patrol_bluewater.aspx|archive-date=4 October 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> *[[Notting Hill]]: Diners at the two [[Michelin-starred]] Ledbury restaurant were attacked and robbed.<ref name=Ledbury>{{cite web |url=http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard/article-23976839-looters-attack-diners-at-michelin-starred-ledbury.do |archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20110811013702/http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard/article%2D23976839%2Dlooters%2Dattack%2Ddiners%2Dat%2Dmichelin%2Dstarred%2Dledbury.do |url-status=dead |archive-date=11 August 2011 |title=Looters attack diners at Michelin-starred Ledbury |work=London Evening Standard |location=UK |date=9 August 2011 }}</ref> *[[Peckham]]: Shops on Rye Lane and Peckham High Street were looted by a crowd of three to four hundred rioters. A bus was set on fire on Southampton Way and Regen's was destroyed by fire.<ref name="southwark_news" /> *[[Romford]] : The windows of many shops and businesses around Romford town centre were smashed, fires were started and Debenhams was looted.<ref name="belfasttelegraph1">{{cite web|url=http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/local-national/uk/london-riots-spiral-out-of-control-16034091.html |title=London riots spiral out of control| work=Belfast Telegraph |location=Belfast |date= 8 August 2011 |accessdate=9 August 2011}}</ref><ref name="london3">{{cite web|url=http://www.london24.com/news/crime/london_riots_havering_gangs_scuppered_by_high_police_presence_1_989920|title=London riots: Havering gangs scuppered by high police presence - Crime|publisher=London 24|accessdate=20 August 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324132656/http://www.london24.com/news/crime/london_riots_havering_gangs_scuppered_by_high_police_presence_1_989920|archive-date=24 March 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> *[[Streatham]]: Sporadic night-time riots occurred.<ref name="belfasttelegraph1"/> *[[Surrey Quays]]: Shops in the Surrey Quays shopping centre and a local Decathlon shop were looted by youths.<ref name="southwark_news" /> *[[Sutton, London|Sutton]]: Damage was reported to businesses on the High Street and in the Rose Hill area, as well as the looting of a local convenience shop. In Hackbridge there was looting of an off licence and a warehouse. In Sutton Town Centre, shops such as JD Sports, Asda, Argos and HMV were looted, and Asda was set on fire.<ref name="SuttonGuardian">{{cite news|url=http://www.suttonguardian.co.uk/news/9184857.UPDATES__Shops_close_in_Sutton_amid__rumours__of_disturbances/|publisher=Sutton Guardian|title=Shops close in Sutton amid rumours of disturbances|date=9 August 2011|accessdate=9 August 2011}}</ref> *[[Tooting]]: By 18:01, two shops had been attacked: a [[CeX (company)|CeX]] branch on Mitcham Lane and a [[Ladbrokes]] branch on Franciscan Road.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.yourlocalguardian.co.uk/news/9184042.Tooting_stores_targeted_in_copycat_riots |title=Tooting stores targeted in copycat riots |publisher=Your Local Guardian |date=8 August 2011}}</ref> *[[Walthamstow]] and [[Walthamstow Central]]: Over 30 youths wrecked and looted shops, including a branch of [[British Home Stores|BHS]] in [[Walthamstow Central]] that morning.<ref name="guardian2"/> A Santander branch was broken into and a Barclays cash machine was ripped out of a wall. *[[Walworth Road]]: Up to 20 shops on the southern end of Walworth Road were broken into from 19:30 and looted for up to an hour.<ref name="southwark_news">{{cite web|title=HOW THE RIOTS HIT – AREA BY AREA|url=http://www.southwarknews.co.uk/news/00,news,24202,440,00.htm|publisher=Southwark News|date=10 August 2011|accessdate=11 August 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111004220830/http://www.southwarknews.co.uk/news/00,news,24202,440,00.htm|archive-date=4 October 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> *[[Woolwich]]: Major disturbances took place overnight. A [[J D Wetherspoon]] pub, Blue Inc clothing shop, and a police car were completely burnt out, and a restaurant was set alight. Other buildings along the high street had windows smashed and looted, including jewellers, computer game shops, banks, phone shops, bookmakers and fast food restaurants.<ref name="Soteriou">{{cite news|url=http://www.bexleytimes.co.uk/news/woolwich_riots_pub_bank_and_police_car_on_fire_1_988302|title=Woolwich riots: pub, bank and police car on fire|work=Bexley Times |date=8 August 2011|first=Marina |last= Soteriou|accessdate=9 August 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bexleytimes.co.uk/news/london_riots_the_aftermath_in_woolwich_1_989040|title=London riots: the aftermath in Woolwich|work=Bexley Times |date=9 August 2011|first=Marina |last= Soteriou|accessdate=9 August 2011}} {{cite news|url=http://www.wharf.co.uk/2011/08/woolwich-stunned-after-night-o-1.html|title=Woolwich stunned after night of rioting|work=The Wharf |date=9 August 2011|first=Rob |last= Virtue|accessdate=9 August 2011}}</ref> Videos appeared online showing outnumbered police fleeing rioters, originally shot by Jellyfielder Studios, a Woolwich-based film production company. This footage was featured on BBC, Sky New, Russia Today, ABC, and later appeared on NBC's Caught on camera, and several Channel 5 Top 20 worst.<ref name="Soteriou"/> The [[Great Harry Pub]]<ref name="newsshopper1"/> became the focus of local opinion about the events, and was featured on Sky News after locals began writing their thoughts and messages on the boarded-up shell. The wall was later painted over in black by the local council who refused to comment on why. Many other shops were attacked and looted. Many locals felt that the Woolwich events were neglected in news coverage.<ref name="News.sky.com"/>

=== West Midlands === [[File:Rioting in Birmingham City Centre - geograph.org.uk - 2544506.jpg|thumb|A lone rioter on [[Corporation Street, Birmingham|Corporation Street]] in [[Birmingham]]]] *[[Birmingham]]: Some shop windows in the city centre were smashed and there were reports of looting in several areas. An unmanned police station in [[Handsworth, West Midlands|Handsworth]] was set alight.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-birmingham-14452468|title=Police arrest 87 as rioting and looting erupts in Birmingham|date=9 August 2011|accessdate=9 August 2011|publisher=BBC News }}</ref> Police arrested 130.<ref name="BBC-Brum-1">{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-birmingham-14452468|title=Riots erupt in Birmingham: Police make 130 arrests|date=9 August 2011|work=[[BBC Online]]|accessdate=9 August 2011}}</ref> *[[West Bromwich]]: Youths rioted, looting business, smashing shop windows and setting bins and cars alight.<ref name="autogenerated3">{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-14468677|title=UK riots: Second night of unrest in Midlands|publisher=BBC | date=9 August 2011}}</ref>

===Rest of England=== [[File:Liverpool Riots 2011 burnt cars.jpg|thumb|Burnt-out cars in [[Liverpool]].]]

*[[Luton]]: Police officers were deployed to known trouble spots as Twitter and Facebook reports falsely claimed riots in [[Luton]].<ref name="bedfordtoday.co.uk">{{cite web|url=http://www.bedfordtoday.co.uk/news/police_response_to_bedfordshire_riot_rumours_1_2944938|title=Police response to Bedfordshire riot rumours - News|publisher=Bedford Today|date=9 August 2011|accessdate=26 September 2011|archive-date=29 March 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120329104937/http://www.bedfordtoday.co.uk/news/police_response_to_bedfordshire_riot_rumours_1_2944938|url-status=dead}}</ref> Two small arson fires occurred – one at Leagrave Motors in Sundon Park Road, Luton, at around midnight, and a rubbish bin set alight at Arrow Close, also in Luton, in the early hours of the morning.<ref name="bedfordtoday.co.uk"/> The county of Bedfordshire had a CCTV network in operation across every town to monitor and help deploy resources.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thecomet.net/news/hertfordshire_and_bedfordshire_police_forces_help_met_tackle_london_riots_1_988915 |title=Hertfordshire and Bedfordshire police forces help Met tackle London riots - News |date=9 August 2011 |publisher=The Comet |accessdate=26 September 2011 |archive-date=6 April 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120406024319/http://www.thecomet.net/news/hertfordshire_and_bedfordshire_police_forces_help_met_tackle_london_riots_1_988915 |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Leicester]]: No fires but shop windows were still smashed. *[[Bristol]]: Rioters attacked shops.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.harrowobserver.co.uk/west-london-news/world-uk-news/2011/08/09/pm-16-000-police-to-tackle-riots-116451-29204941/|title=PM: 16,000 police to tackle riots |publisher=Harrow Observer |date=9 August 2011 |accessdate=9 August 2011}}</ref><ref name="PM David Cameron returning as London riots spread to Birmingham, Liverpool and Bristol" /><ref>{{cite news | title = London riots spread to Bristol as 150 people clash with police in city centre | date = 9 August 2011 | url = http://www.thisisbristol.co.uk/London-riots-spread-Bristol-150-people-clash/story-13095672-detail/story.html | work = [[Bristol Evening Post]] | accessdate = 10 August 2011 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110914095519/http://www.thisisbristol.co.uk/London-riots-spread-Bristol-150-people-clash/story-13095672-detail/story.html | archive-date = 14 September 2011 | url-status = dead | df = dmy-all }}</ref> *[[Guildford]]: Surrey Police condemned Twitter reports of rioting in Guildford, acknowledging only minor scuffles.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.guildfordpeople.co.uk/riots-Guildford-night-local-businesses-affected/story-13097369-detail/story.html|title=No riots in Guildford last night; some local businesses affected by unrest in London|publisher=Guildford People|accessdate=20 August 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120330235206/http://www.guildfordpeople.co.uk/riots-Guildford-night-local-businesses-affected/story-13097369-detail/story.html|archive-date=30 March 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> *[[Leeds]]: The [[Chapeltown, Leeds|Chapeltown]] area was hit by riots, during which 34-year-old Gavin Clarke was shot in the face and admitted to hospital under armed guard with life-threatening injuries.<ref name="smh_leeds"/> He was later pronounced dead.<ref name="smh_leeds"/> This account is contradicted by a BBC report which suggests that the disturbance started as a result of the shooting and that the incident was related, not to the troubles in London and elsewhere in England, but to another shooting that took place in Chapeltown on 2 August 2011 - several days before the [[Death of Mark Duggan|London shooting]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Chapeltown shooting: Police tackle 'pockets of disorder' |date=9 August 2011 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-leeds-14449656|work=BBC News |accessdate=13 August 2011}}</ref> *[[Liverpool]]: Disturbances occurred in South Liverpool, in particular the area of [[Toxteth]].<ref name="PM David Cameron returning as London riots spread to Birmingham, Liverpool and Bristol">[http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/local-national/uk/pm-david-cameron-returning-as-london-riots-spread-to-birmingham-and-liverpool-16034185.html PM David Cameron returning as London riots spread to Birmingham, Liverpool and Bristol]. ''[[Belfast Telegraph]]''. Accessed 9 August 2011.</ref><ref name="BBC14453303">{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-merseyside-14453303|publisher=BBC News |title=Police deal with disorder in Liverpool|date=9 August 2010|accessdate=9 August 2011}}</ref> *[[Medway]]: Rioters burned cars and confronted the police in [[Gillingham, Kent|Gillingham]] and [[Chatham, Kent|Chatham]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mikerussellradio.com/medway-riots/ |title=Medway Riots |publisher=Mikerussellradio.com |accessdate=20 August 2011}}</ref> *[[Norwich]]: Shops in one of Norwich's main streets and [[Royal Arcade, Norwich|Royal Arcade]] were closed early after threats filtered through in relation to the unrest in London.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Walsh |first1=Peter |url=http://www.edp24.co.uk/news/crime/uk_riots_latest_norwich_shops_shut_early_as_police_take_precautionary_steps_1_989253|title=UK RIOTS LATEST: Norwich shops shut early as police take precautionary steps - Crime - Eastern Daily Press|work=Eastern Daily Press |date=9 August 2011|publisher=Edp24.co.uk |accessdate=20 August 2011}}</ref> *[[Nottingham]]: A police station in the city centre was attacked, and car tyres were ignited in the [[St Ann's, Nottingham|St Ann's]] area.<ref name="Further riots in London as violence spreads across England">[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-14450248 Further riots in London as violence spreads across England]. Accessed 9 August 2011</ref> *[[Oxford]]: A McDonald's restaurant in Headington, Oxford was set alight as was a car in Barton, Oxford.<ref name="UK Riots by the Numbers">[http://www.promotionalcodes.org.uk/29874/uk-riots-by-the-numbers-infographic/ Oxford Macdonalds was set on fire as was a car in the area] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110911105218/http://www.promotionalcodes.org.uk/29874/uk-riots-by-the-numbers-infographic/ |date=11 September 2011 }}.</ref>

===Political and legal response=== *[[Croydon]]: The council gave looters a stark warning to stay away from Croydon or face the full force of the law.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.yourlocalguardian.co.uk/news/9183566.Croydon_Council_tells_possible_looters_to_stay_away/?ref=mc |title=Croydon Council tells possible looters to stay away (From Your Local Guardian) |date=8 August 2011 |publisher=Yourlocalguardian.co.uk |accessdate=11 August 2011}}</ref> * Deputy Prime Minister [[Nick Clegg]] toured London's riot-hit communities in and around Tottenham.<ref>{{cite web |date=8 August 2011 |url=http://www.banburyguardian.co.uk/news/national/clegg_tours_riot_hit_community_1_2944010 |title=Clegg tours riot-hit community - National |publisher=Banbury Guardian |accessdate=20 August 2011 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

===Police=== Officers from [[North Yorkshire Police]] responded to requests to assist their colleagues in London.<ref name="strayfm1">{{cite web|url=http://www.strayfm.com/news/local-news/485077/north-yorkshire-police-receive-riot-request/ |accessdate=19 August 2011|title=Greatest Hits Radio (Harrogate and the Yorkshire Dales) - the Good Times Sound Like This }}{{dead link|date=June 2016}}{{cbignore}}</ref> A statement by North Yorkshire Police's Temporary Deputy Chief Constable, [[Tim Madgwick]], said:

<blockquote>North Yorkshire Police continue to monitor the aftermath of the disorder affecting other parts of the country, and we can confirm that to date, there are no reports of any similar incidents in North Yorkshire.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://harrogate-news.co.uk/2011/08/09/north-yorkshire-police-issues-a-statement-on-the-recent-riots/ |title=North Yorkshire Police issue a statement on the recent riots |publisher=Harrogate News |date=2011-08-09 |accessdate=2011-09-26}}</ref> </blockquote>

The Bedfordshire and Hertfordshire Civil Contingencies and Public Order Planning Unit sent a Police Support Unit (PSU) to London. Custody space in Bedfordshire cells and call taking support was also offered.<ref name="bedfordtoday.co.uk"/>

===Richard Mannington Bowes=== [[File:Springbridge Mews floral tributes.jpg|thumb|right|Floral tributes at the site of the fatal assault. The flowers at the top spell out the word "why".]]

Bowes was a 68-year-old [[British people|British]] retired accountant who died as a result of being attacked in the street in Ealing. He was the fifth fatality related to events associated with the riots. He was attacked by a mob on 8 August 2011, while attempting to extinguish an arson fire in industrial bins on Spring Bridge Road. The attack left him in a coma. The assault was caught on [[CCTV]] and filmed on mobile phones by associates of the man who hit him.{{citation needed|date=December 2019}}

Police officers arrived at 10:45pm in response to reports of looting at the Arcadia shopping centre. They were not wearing protective gear and were outnumbered by approximately 120 rioters. The attack on Bowes was witnessed by several police officers, but they were unable to respond in time. They requested assistance as they were showered with bottles and bricks. Riot squad officers who responded had to push back rioters while being attacked to reach Bowes. A line of officers then held back the rioters as paramedics arrived.{{citation needed|date=December 2019}}

Bowes was found without a wallet or phone as they had been stolen, and police initially faced difficulty in identifying him. He died of his injuries in [[St Mary's Hospital, London|St Mary's Hospital]] on 11 August 2011 after being removed from life support.<ref name="bbc">[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-14500869 "Riots: Arrest over death of Richard Mannington Bowes"] [[BBC News]]. 12 August 2011 ''Retrieved 12 August 2011''</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140130145504/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5hFBZwbGfuldGsBSgvztwpfKPpkrg?docId=CNG.1dbda76336400d092358c2558c36e01d.51 "England riots claim fifth life, police defend tactics"] Sam Reeves, [[Agence France-Presse|AFP]]. 12 August 2011 ''Retrieved 12 August 2011''</ref>

A 22-year-old man was arrested on suspicion of murder, rioting and committing three burglaries;<ref name="Tel dies">[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/law-and-order/8697225/London-riots-pensioner-who-confronted-rioting-yobs-dies-after-life-support-machine-is-switched-off.html "Pensioner who confronted rioting yobs dies after life support machine is switched off"] Heidi Blake, Duncan Gardham, James Hall and Mark Hughes, [[The Daily Telegraph]]. 12 August 2011 ''Retrieved 12 August 2011''</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.times-series.co.uk/news/ |title=Cached |publisher=Times-series.co.uk |accessdate=1 February 2012}}</ref> he was released on bail. A 16-year-old boy was arrested for Bowes' murder and for burglary.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-14526428|title='Witness' found over Richard Bowes death|publisher=BBC | date=15 August 2011}}</ref>

Bowes had moved to Ealing in 1994.<ref name=BE>{{citation |title=Man killed in London riots came from Poole family |date=13 August 2011 |author=Stephen Bailey |journal=[[Bournemouth Daily Echo]] |url=http://www.bournemouthecho.co.uk/news/9193979.Man_killed_in_London_riots_came_from_Poole_family/}}</ref><ref name="Express dies">{{cite web|url=http://www.express.co.uk/posts/view/264476/Murder-hunt-as-have-a-go-pensioner-hero-dies |title=Murder hunt as have-a-go pensioner hero dies |publisher=Express.co.uk |date=12 August 2011 |accessdate=1 February 2012}}</ref> He lived alone in a flat in Haven Green.<ref name="Tel dies"/> He was described as quiet and shy and a loner.<ref name="guardian"/><ref name=ind_shy_quiet/> He is reported to have previously challenged anti-social behaviour in the area. On one occasion, ten years earlier, he was fined for confronting youths who were urinating outside his home.<ref name=ind_shy_quiet>[https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/ealing-reflects-on-the-death-of-a-shy-quiet-quirkylooking-man-2336865.html "Ealing reflects on the death of a 'shy, quiet, quirky-looking' man"] Terri Judd, [[The Independent]]. 13 August 2011</ref>

Revulsion at Bowes's death was widespread. Ealing Council flew the [[Union Flag]] at half-mast over its town hall as a mark of respect. It also announced that it was launching the ''Richard Mannington Bowes Relief Fund'' in his memory.<ref name="guardian">[https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2011/aug/12/man-arrested-murder-mannington-bowes "London riots: Man arrested over murder of Richard Mannington Bowes"] Alexandra Topping, [[The Guardian]]. 12 August 2011</ref>

Bowes was hailed as a hero for his actions by the media and politicians.<ref>[http://www.metro.co.uk/news/872193-uk-riots-the-heroes-that-emerged-from-the-unrest "UK riots: The heroes that emerged from the unrest"] Metro. 12 August 2011 ''Retrieved 12 August 2011''</ref> Mayor Johnson was particularly vocal: "I feel desperately sorry and sad for him, and what a hero he is. He walked straight up in front of the looters and tried to stop what was happening. He is an example to everybody."<ref>[http://www.ealinggazette.co.uk/ealing-news/riots/2011/08/11/boris-pledges-millions-to-help-ealing-recover-from-riots-64767-29221450/ "Boris pledges millions to help Ealing recover from riots"] Jessica Thompson and Anoosh Chakelian, Ealing Gazette. 11 August 2011</ref>

{{blockquote|text=There are many villains in this story but also many heroes and I want to pay particular tribute to Mr Bowes. He has paid a terrible price.|sign=London Mayor [[Boris Johnson]]}}

==Tuesday, 9 August== <gallery> File:Burning car after Manchester riots.jpg|Burning car in Manchester File:Aa Miss Selfridge firedamaged.jpg|Miss Selfridge shop in Market Street (Manchester) fire-damaged File:Boarded up Arndale entrance on Market Street.jpg|Damaged entrance to [[Manchester Arndale Centre]] File:Aa Staples shop Deansgate.jpg|Damage to Staples shop, [[Deansgate]] </gallery>

===Early hours=== [[Time Magazine]] wrote "Not since the [[London Blitz|blitz]] during World War II have so many fires raged in London so intensely at one time".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,2087575,00.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110810025745/http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,2087575,00.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=10 August 2011|title=London Riots: Fires Spread on Third Night of Violence |author=Staff Writer|date=9 August 2011|work=Time Magazine|accessdate=10 August 2011}}</ref>

====London Borough of Enfield==== Looters burned a Sony-owned warehouse in Solar Way, [[London Borough of Enfield|Enfield]]<ref name="thisislondon1"/> which acted as the primary distribution hub for the [[independent music]] distributor [[PIAS Entertainment Group]].<ref name="piasfire">{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2011/aug/09/independent-record-labels-stock-london-riots|title=Independent record labels fear ruinous stock loss in London Riots Fire|work=The Guardian |location=UK|author=Llewellyn Smith, Caspar|date=9 August 2011|accessdate=9 August 2011}}</ref> Three Watford [[fire engines]] were called to the continuing Sony warehouse fire in Enfield at about 03.30 that day.<ref name="watfordobserver1"/>

====London Borough of Havering==== In the morning, youths formed groups of 10 to 12 in areas across [[Havering]], including [[Romford]], [[Hornchurch]], [[Collier Row]], [[Rainham, London|Rainham]], [[Harold Hill]] and [[Upminster]], a police spokesman said, but officers dispersed groups or issued street warnings and spot deterrents.<ref name="london3"/>

Arrests took place for low-level crimes like spitting at an officer and [[Assault occasioning actual bodily harm|ABH]], since officers were highly visible. Around 50 special police volunteers responded, helping to man potentially volatile situations. Fire crews reported a quiet night.<ref name="london3"/>

====London Borough of Merton==== Looting continued throughout the early hours within the Tandem Centre and Priory retail estates in [[London Borough of Merton|Merton]]. Police withdrew after coming under attack from a group of over 100 people. [[Mothercare]], [[JD Sports]] and [[PC World (retailer)|PC World]] were targeted, with Mothercare and Harveys the victims of arson. Police retook the retail parks approximately 3 hour after their withdrawal. Sporadic looting was reported, with convenience stores in Phipps Bridge and a Betting shop in Mitcham was looted.<ref name="thisislondon1"/><ref name="yourlocalguardian2">{{cite web|url=http://www.yourlocalguardian.co.uk/news/local/wimbledonnews/9184762.LIVE__Colliers_Wood_lootings__the_aftermath/ |title=Colliers Wood lootings at the Tandem Centre: the aftermath |date=9 August 2011 |publisher=Yourlocalguardian.co.uk |accessdate=9 August 2011}}</ref>

====Elsewhere in London====

*[[Beckton]]: Unspecified trouble at the [[Gallions Reach shopping centre]] resulted in multiple road closures.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/top-stories/2011/08/09/uk-riots-trouble-means-more-road-closures-for-travellers-on-journey-home-115875-23332805/|title=UK riots: Trouble means more road closures for travellers on journey home|author=Staff Writer|date=9 August 2011|work=The Daily Mirror |location=UK |accessdate=9 August 2011}}</ref> *[[Camden Town|Camden]]: Crowds gathered at [[Chalk Farm]] tube station at 1am.<ref name="guardian6">{{cite news|author1=Paul Lewis |author2=James Harkin |name-list-style=amp |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2011/aug/09/london-riots-who-took-part?intcmp=239 |title=Who are the rioters? Young men from poor areas ... but that's not the full story | UK news |work=The Guardian |date= 9 August 2011|accessdate=1 February 2012 |location=London}}</ref> Asians guarded their shops.<ref name="guardian6"/> Police drove back looters in [[Camden High Street]] and [[Chalk Farm Road]], Camden.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.camdennewjournal.com/news/2011/aug/shops-looted-rioters-hit-camden-town-and-chalk-farm |title=Shops looted as rioters hit Camden Town and Chalk Farm |publisher=Camden New Journal |accessdate=9 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111001170912/http://www.camdennewjournal.com/news/2011/aug/shops-looted-rioters-hit-camden-town-and-chalk-farm |archive-date=1 October 2011 |url-status=dead }} {{cite web |last=Hodgkinson |first=David |url=http://www.demotix.com/news/783496/aftermath-camden-riots-london |title=Aftermath of Camden riots – London |publisher=Demotix.com |accessdate=9 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110905135126/http://www.demotix.com/news/783496/aftermath-camden-riots-london |archive-date=5 September 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Kilburn, London|Kilburn]] and [[Kingsbury, London|Kingsbury]]: A Vodafone shop in Kilburn High Road was targeted by looters. Looters also hit jewellery stores in Kilburn and Kingsbury.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london24.com/news/crime/looters_strike_in_kilburn_and_kingsbury_1_988749 |title=Looters strike in Kilburn and Kingsbury - Crime |publisher=London 24 |accessdate=20 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927105352/http://www.london24.com/news/crime/looters_strike_in_kilburn_and_kingsbury_1_988749 |archive-date=27 September 2011 |url-status=dead }} {{cite web |url=http://www.london24.com/news/news/brent-news?action=register |title=Brent News |publisher=London 24 |date=16 November 2010 |accessdate=20 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927124216/http://www.london24.com/news/news/brent-news?action=register |archive-date=27 September 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Holloway, London|Holloway]] scuffles occur in the early hours.<ref name="guardian6"/> *[[Wimbledon, London|Wimbledon]]: Minor incidents occurred in south Wimbledon, the Wimbledon town centre and a handful of shops in Wimbledon Village. The police eventually dispersed them.<ref name="yourlocalguardian2"/> *Major fires were started in [[Barking, London|Barking]], [[Battersea]], [[Croydon]], [[Dagenham]], [[Ealing]], [[Greenwich]] and [[Southwark]].<ref name="thisislondon1"/> * Croydon: Local scuffles were quickly dispersed.<ref name="wordpress2"/> * [[Camberwell]]: A small fire was started by arsonists.<ref name="wordpress2"/> * [[Islington]]: The police in Islington appealed for people to stay at home and for shops to close early.<ref name="wordpress2"/> * [[Hammersmith and Fulham]] Hammersmith and Fulham Council urged people to keep calm and stay indoors.<ref name="wordpress2"/> *[[Wembley]]: A police officer was run over by looters at approximately 2:50 am. Three people were arrested for attempted murder.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wbtimes.co.uk/news/looters_mow_down_police_officer_in_wembley_1_988573|title=Looters mow down police officer in Wembley|work=Willesden and Brent Times |date=9 August 2011|publisher=Willesden & Brent Times}}</ref>

====Greater Manchester==== *Manchester: The reported riot was an Internet hoax, since it was only a quickly dispersed scuffle.<ref name="wordpress2">{{cite web|url=http://100gf.wordpress.com/2011/08/09/london-riots-update-wolverhampton-trouble-but-manchester-brighton-calm-londonriots/ |title=London riots update: Wolverhampton trouble, but Manchester & Brighton calm #londonriots « 100gf | Politics and Computers |date=9 August 2011 |publisher=100gf.wordpress.com |accessdate=20 August 2011}}</ref> *Salford: The reported riot was an Internet hoax; it was only a quickly dispersed scuffle.<ref name="wordpress2"/>

====Rest of England==== *Brighton: The reported riot was an internet hoax, actually a quickly dispersed scuffle.<ref name="wordpress2"/> * [[Derby]]: Over 20 cars and a local shop were damaged in a series of overnight disturbances in the Campbell Street, Allenton and Brighton Road, Alvaston areas. A pair of 15-year-olds were arrested.<ref name="peakfm.net">{{cite web |url=http://www.peakfm.net/news?id=32401 |title=Today's Best Mix for North Derbyshire - Music / News /Sport/ Traffic - News |publisher=Peak FM |date=2 September 2010 |accessdate=26 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928162442/http://www.peakfm.net/news?id=32401 |archive-date=28 September 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-derbyshire-14496203|title=Riots: Six arrested in Derby after cars damaged|publisher=BBC | date=11 August 2011}}</ref> * [[Leeds]] and [[Bradford]]: [[West Yorkshire Police]] confirmed there were scuffles in the Chapeltown borough of Leeds, but no rioting as alleged on Twitter and Facebook. False social media reports that riots were occurring in Bradford were denounced by police<ref name="strayfm1"/> * [[Northampton]]: Groups of youths pelt police and vehicles with bricks and stones, and smash a police van's windscreen<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.northampton-news-hp.co.uk/News/Northampton-News/Riot-copycat-gang-pay-price-for-night-of-terror-17102012.htm#ixzz2nViNe8aw|title=Riot copycat gang pay price for night of terror|newspaper=Northampton News | date=8 August 2011}}</ref> * [[Caterham]]: Traders braced for violent scenes similar to those seen in nearby Croydon. Surrey Police maintained a strong presence to reassure the citizens, but many stores were closed. Shops that specialised in high-value goods such as mobile phones and fine art stayed shut all day. Esquire Fine Menswear on Station Avenue had its windows damaged by hooligans just after 01.30.<ref name="getsurrey.co.uk">{{cite web|url=http://www.getsurrey.co.uk/news/s/2097767_surrey_businesses_on_alert_after_london_riots |title=Surrey businesses on alert after London riots - News |publisher=getsurrey |date=9 August 2011 |accessdate=26 September 2011}}</ref> *Southampton: Messages appeared on BBM & Facebook inciting a riot, leading to a few scuffles in [[Millbrook, Hampshire|Millbrook]] & [[Shirley, Southampton|Shirley]] which [[Hampshire Constabulary]] broke up. *Wolverhampton: Local scuffles were quickly dispersed.<ref name="wordpress2"/>

===Daytime=== '''London''' *[[Sloane Square]]: looters smashed the windows of Hugo Boss in Sloane Square.<ref name="google1">{{cite web|url=http://www.richmondandtwickenhamtimes.co.uk/news/9185059.Richmond_police_urge_vigilance_after_further_night_s_rioting/ |title=Richmond police urge vigilance after further night's rioting (From Richmond and Twickenham Times) |publisher=Richmondandtwickenhamtimes.co.uk |date=9 August 2011 |accessdate=1 February 2012}}</ref> *[[Richmond upon Thames]]: A police spokesperson said "We are providing patrols to the retail park and Richmond town centre to reassure and prevent and detect crime."<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.richmondandtwickenhamtimes.co.uk/news/9185059.Richmond_police_urge_vigilance_after_further_night_s_rioting/| title = Richmond police urge vigilance after further night's rioting {{!}} Richmond and Twickenham Times| date = 9 August 2011}} 1rQ7ibh4cTODG-EQ</ref> *[[Finchley]]: A car was torched in Hendon Avenue, Finchley.<ref name="enfieldindependent2">{{cite web|url=http://www.enfieldindependent.co.uk/news/localnews/9183519.London_Riots___live_updates/ |title=The latest news as it happens on riots in the city (From Enfield Independent) |publisher=Enfieldindependent.co.uk |date=11 August 2011 |accessdate=20 August 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thisislocallondon.co.uk/news/londonnews/9183519.London_Riots___live_updates/?action=complain&cid=9574277 |title=The latest news as it happens on riots in the city (From This Is Local London) |publisher=Thisislocallondon.co.uk |date=11 August 2011 |accessdate=20 August 2011}}</ref> *[[London Borough of Harrow|Harrow]]: The Metropolitan Police dispersed local riots.<ref name="enfieldindependent2"/> *[[Ealing]]: The Metropolitan Police dispersed local riots.<ref name="enfieldindependent2"/> *[[Chipping Barnet|Barnet]]: The Metropolitan Police dispersed local riots.<ref name="enfieldindependent2"/> *[[Surbiton]] was in a [[Metropolitan Police]] and [[Surrey Police]] riot lockdown. The shops and cafes were shutting down early on police advice.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.surbitonpeople.co.uk/SURBITON-RIOT-LOCKDOWN/story-13097728-detail/story.html |title=Surbiton Riot Lockdown |publisher=Surbiton People |accessdate=20 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120330214808/http://www.surbitonpeople.co.uk/SURBITON-RIOT-LOCKDOWN/story-13097728-detail/story.html |archive-date=30 March 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Bromley]]: Rioters attacked a sports bar during the morning.<ref name="heraldsun1">{{cite web|url=http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/world/aussies-caught-up-in-frenzy-of-london-riots/story-e6frf7lf-1226111507704 |title=Aussies caught up in frenzy of London riots |work=Herald Sun |date= 9 August 2011|accessdate=9 August 2011}}</ref> *[[Balham]]: By 13.00, looters had hit the T-Mobile shop and emptied it over a period of 90 minutes.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.yourlocalguardian.co.uk/news/9184257.RIOT_LATEST__Looting_and_violence_hit_Balham/?ref=ms |title=RIOT LATEST: Looting and violence hit Balham (From Your Local Guardian) |date=9 August 2011 |publisher=Yourlocalguardian.co.uk |accessdate=11 August 2011}}</ref> *Dartford, Bexley and Bexleyheath: The [[Bluewater Shopping Centre]] drafted in extra police officers to deal with the potential threat of rioters. The extra police were from a riot squad. Minor scuffles had hit Bexley early that day.<ref name="kentonline1"/> *[[London Borough of Merton|Merton]]: Several attempts were made by groups to congregate in the Colliers Wood area. Due to the high number of police in the area (including a high number of Merton's Special Constables), they were prevented from meeting up with each other. A police dog unit came under fire with bricks and other items, and over 20 police officers responded. There was reported groups causing issues in Wimbledon Town Centre however Police dispersed them *[[Newham]]: Gangs of youths looted and vandalised parts of [[East Ham]], including branches of [[Argos (retailer)|Argos]], [[Primark]], [[Tesco]], an electronics shop as well as banks.<ref name=london24/> Stones were being thrown at the Argos shop in Stratford until the police had intervened. The front of [[Stratford Centre]] was heavily guarded by police to prevent trouble.<ref name=london24/> *[[Sutton, London|Sutton]]: By 10:01, the entrance to Matalan in Sutton was targeted. An estimated 25 police officers arrived in vans armed with batons and shields in case the situation escalated.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.yourlocalguardian.co.uk/news/9184857.LIVE__Sutton_police_ready_to_stop_potential_unrest/?ref=ms |title=Sutton police ready to stop looting (From Your Local Guardian) |date=9 August 2011 |publisher=Yourlocalguardian.co.uk |accessdate=11 August 2011}}</ref>

'''Rest of England''' *[[West Bromwich]]: Youths rioted in High Street, looted business, smashing shop windows, and setting bins and cars alight. Police cordoned off the riot zone and some police vans were used to control the mob.<ref name="autogenerated3"/><ref>{{cite web |author=James Carpenter's film recommendation |url=https://www.expressandstar.com/pictures/2011/08/10/riots-in-west-bromwich/riot-3-sl-09/ |title=Riots in West Bromwich « Express & Star |publisher=Expressandstar.com |date=10 August 2011 |accessdate=20 August 2011 }} {{cite web |author=James Carpenter's film recommendation |url=https://www.expressandstar.com/pictures/2011/08/10/riots-in-west-bromwich/ |title=Riots in West Bromwich « Express & Star |publisher=Expressandstar.com |date=10 August 2011 |accessdate=20 August 2011 |archive-date=13 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110813225114/http://www.expressandstar.com/pictures/2011/08/10/riots-in-west-bromwich/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Greater Manchester]]: Both Central [[Manchester]] and [[Salford]] saw serious looting and disorder, and running battles between gangs and riot police.<ref name="guardian5"/>

The fire crews from Richmond and Twickenham helped put out fires in neighbouring boroughs as rioting spread across London. Richmond's red watch was called to Merton where they tackled a blaze at Priory retail estate in Colliers Wood.<ref name="google1"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.richmondandtwickenhamtimes.co.uk/news/9184905.Richmond_firecrews_help_riot_hit_neighbouring_boroughs/ |title=Firecrews from Richmond and Twickenham helped riot hit neighbouring boroughs (From Richmond and Twickenham Times) |publisher=Richmondandtwickenhamtimes.co.uk |date=9 August 2011 |accessdate=20 August 2011}}</ref>

===Night===

====London==== *London: Shops and businesses closed early across the capital after reports of another night of widespread violence. The streets were flooded with 16,000 police officers, with Special Constables requested to report for duty to assist their regular colleagues. A 'Zero tolerance' approach was adopted, and any attempt at disorder was quickly halted.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.yourlocalguardian.co.uk/news/local/suttonnews/9186596.Riot_latest_Twitter_lies_caused_panic_in_Sutton/ |title=Riot latest Twitter lies caused panic in Sutton (From Your Local Guardian) |date=10 August 2011 |publisher=Yourlocalguardian.co.uk |accessdate=11 August 2011}}</ref> *[[Surbiton]]: Many shops and restaurants closed early, removed valuables and boarded up their windows on police advice. Many pubs and restaurants did stay open, but some closed at 22:00. Few problems resulted.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.surbitonpeople.co.uk/Relief-Surbiton-escapes-UK-riots/story-13104767-detail/story.html |title=Relief as Surbiton escapes UK riots | Surbiton People |accessdate=25 November 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130505045834/http://www.surbitonpeople.co.uk/Relief-Surbiton-escapes-UK-riots/story-13104767-detail/story.html |archive-date=5 May 2013 }}</ref>

====West Midlands==== *[[Birmingham]]: Disorderly conduct took place in Birmingham city centre with three people arrested.<ref name="westmid90811">[http://www.west-midlands.police.uk/latest-news/press-release.asp?id=2393 Update on disorder in West Midlands – Tuesday 9 August 7.45pm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928082931/http://www.west-midlands.police.uk/latest-news/press-release.asp?id=2393 |date=28 September 2011 }}. West Midlands Police. Accessed 9 August 2011.</ref> Some groups tried to break into the [[Mailbox shopping and office centre]] and the [[Pallisades shopping complex]].<ref name="guardian4"/> Officers wielding batons eventually dispersed the crowd by charging them, but soon after they gathered again outside a House of Fraser shop, their numbers swelling to around 500. Shortly after 19.00 the mob broke into and looted a nearby Tesco. The police dispersed the 300 strong crowd using a "thunderflash" device,{{Clarify|date=August 2011}} quickly charging the crowd, but the gangs regrouped and attacked shops, including the Jobcentre in Queen Street and Burton's menswear. A police station in the suburb of Handsworth was also burnt.<ref name="telegraph2">{{cite news|last=Britten|first=Nick|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/crime/8692442/UK-riots-fear-in-the-air-in-Birmingham-as-mobs-roam-streets.html|title=UK riots: fear in the air in Birmingham as mobs roam streets |publisher=Telegraph |date=31 May 2011|accessdate=10 August 2011 |location=London}}</ref> At around 23.30 the historic [[Bartons Arms]] pub in Aston was looted, its windows smashed, and fires started, albeit quickly doused by the landlord.<ref name="Farncombe">{{cite news|url=http://www.birminghammail.net/news/top-stories/2011/08/13/birmingham-riots-night-of-terror-for-barton-arms-managers-97319-29227366/|title=Birmingham Riots: Night of terror for Barton Arms managers|last=Farncombe|first=Vicky|date=13 August 2011|work=[[Birmingham Mail]]|accessdate=17 August 2011|archive-date=4 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121004205112/http://www.birminghammail.net/news/top-stories/2011/08/13/birmingham-riots-night-of-terror-for-barton-arms-managers-97319-29227366/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Eleven shots were fired at police who attended the incident, including at a police helicopter and petrol bombs were thrown at officers.<ref name="WMP">{{cite web|url=http://www.west-midlands.police.uk/latest-news/appeal.asp?ID=4190|title=Footage released after shots fired at police in Birmingham disorder - Appeal|date=20 August 2011|publisher=[[West Midlands Police]]|accessdate=20 August 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140728114513/http://www.west-midlands.police.uk/latest-news/appeal.asp?id=4190|archive-date=28 July 2014}}</ref> *[[Olton]]: Police quickly dispersed a mob outside a post office in Olton.{{citation needed|date=November 2012}} *[[Coventry]]: A minor incident occurred in one street in a suburb of [[Coventry]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Petrol bombs thrown at police as rioting spreads to streets of Coventry | first=Emma| last=Stone| url= http://www.coventrytelegraph.net/news/coventry-news/2011/08/11/petrol-bombs-thrown-at-police-as-rioting-spreads-to-streets-of-coventry-92746-29217910/| date=11 August 2011 | accessdate =11 August 2011| work=Coventry Telegraph}}</ref> *[[Wolverhampton]]: [[West Midlands Police]] responded to reports of a large group of people in Wolverhampton city centre after shops were damaged.<ref name="guardian5"/>

====Merseyside==== *[[Birkenhead]]: Cars were set alight and businesses damaged.<ref>{{cite news |title=Police warn public to stay away from Birkenhead town centre as rioting escalates |url=http://www.wirralglobe.co.uk/news/9186015.NEWS_ALERT__Police_warn_public_to_stay_away_from_Birkenhead_town_centre_as_rioting_escalates/ |newspaper=Wirral Globe |date=10 August 2011 |accessdate=10 August 2011}}</ref> *[[Liverpool]]: 200 rioters hurled missiles at officers in Smithdown Road.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/blog/2011/aug/09/london-uk-riots-day-four-live#block-21 |title=London riots and UK unrest: fourth night live updates |date=8 September 2011 |accessdate=8 September 2011 |newspaper=The Guardian |first1=Ben |last1=Quinn |first2=Richard |last2=Adams}}</ref>

====Greater Manchester==== *[[Manchester]]: Riots affected Manchester for the first time. At least one building was set alight. Buses, trams and taxis were stopped from entering the [[Manchester city centre|city centre]].<ref name="mancBBC">{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-14467588 |title=Shops smashed and BBC cameraman attacked in Salford |publisher=BBC News |accessdate=9 August 2011 |date=10 August 2011}}</ref> Looting started in the evening in [[St Ann's Church, Manchester|St. Ann's Square]], [[Market Street, Manchester|Market Street]], [[Piccadilly Gardens]] and [[Oldham Street]]. Several shops were looted including a [[Marks & Spencer]] food shop, several pawn shops, an [[Oxfam]] charity shop and [[Dawsons Music]].<ref>{{Cite news | url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-14492826 | title=Shop owners defiant after riots| work=BBC News| date=11 August 2011}}</ref> Charges against the teenager referred to in the ''Mail'' article were later dropped and a 50-year-old man arrested after new evidence was found.<ref>{{cite news| first=Helen |last=Carter| work=The Guardian|title=Teenager cleared of setting fire to Miss Selfridge during Manchester riots|date=21 August 2011| accessdate=21 August 2011|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2011/aug/21/dane-williamson-cleared-manchester-riots| location=London}}</ref> The rioters dispersed in the late hours of Tuesday, and rioting did not recur in Manchester. [[File:Cash Converters on Salford Precinct riot damage.jpg|thumb|right|Cash Converters shop in Salford]] *[[Salford]]: 80 people confronted police at [[Salford Precinct]]. A library was set alight and there was looting.<ref name="mancBBC" /> A gang of up to 200 youths raided an off-licence and the main shopping precinct in Salford. The [[Lidl]] supermarket on nearby Fitzwarren Street was looted, trashed and set alight by rioters.<ref name="guardian4">{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2011/aug/10/uk-riots-disorder-manchester-midlands |title=UK riots: disorder spreads to Manchester and West Midlands | UK news |work=The Guardian |location=UK |date=8 July 2011 |accessdate=10 August 2011 |first1=Martin |last1=Wainwright |first2=Sandra |last2=Laville |first3=Peter |last3=Walker |first4=Jeevan |last4=Vasagar}}</ref>

====Rest of England==== *[[Banbury]]: Police dispersed local scuffles.<ref name="telegraph5"/> *[[Basildon]]: About 350 youths smashed shop windows and set fires in Basildon town centre before being dispersed. Fire-fighters were attacked by rioters as they attempted to respond to an incident.<ref name="essex-echo">{{cite web|title=Updated: Disorder hits south Essex|url=http://www.echo-news.co.uk/news/local_news/9186630.Updated__Disorder_hits_south_Essex/|work=Essex Echo|last=Marden|first=Gina|date=10 August 2011}}</ref> *[[Bristol]]: An event described as an "incident of disobedience" was reported at a young offenders' institution in Ashfield.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/blog/2011/aug/09/london-uk-riots-day-four-live#block-17|title=London riots and UK unrest: fourth night live updates |date=8 September 2011 |accessdate=8 September 2011|newspaper=The Guardian |first1=Ben |last1=Quinn |first2=Richard |last2=Adams}}</ref> *[[Cambridge]]: A group of 30 to 40 youths clashed with police by [[Midsummer Common]] and the [[Grafton Centre]]. Five arrests were made. Two police officers were treated for minor injuries.<ref name="telegraph5"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cambs.police.uk/news/newsitem.asp?NewsID=6096 |title=Cambridgeshire Constabulary |publisher=Cambs.police.uk |accessdate=10 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927004402/http://www.cambs.police.uk/news/newsitem.asp?NewsID=6096 |archive-date=27 September 2011 |url-status=dead }} {{cite web|url=http://www.huntingdonpeople.co.uk/Riots-Update-Huntingdon-amp-Cambridge/story-13103845-detail/story.html|title=Riots Update; Huntingdon & Cambridge|publisher=Huntingdon People|accessdate=20 August 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120330223337/http://www.huntingdonpeople.co.uk/Riots-Update-Huntingdon-amp-Cambridge/story-13103845-detail/story.html|archive-date=30 March 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> * [[Canvey Island]]: Eleven arson attacks were reported with the targets ranging from rubbish bins to vehicles.<ref name="essex-echo" /> *[[Derby]]: Local scuffles were dispersed .<ref name="capitalfm1">{{cite web |url=http://www.capitalfm.com/eastmids/on-air/news-travel/local-news/riots-spread-east-midlands/ |title=UPDATED: East Midlands Riots | Local News - Capital East Midlands |publisher=Capitalfm.com |date=10 August 2011 |accessdate=20 August 2011 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> *[[Gloucester]]: Central Eastgate shopping area, the Argos, HMV and Primark stores were targeted. Just a few hundred yards from Gloucester's famous Norman Cathedral, rioters set fire to a former art college, [[arson|torched]] two cars and many rubbish bins.<ref name="telegraph5"/> *[[High Wycombe]]: Police dispersed local scuffles.<ref name="telegraph5">{{cite news|last=Ross|first=Tim|title=Rioting spreads as mobs hit Gloucester, Cambridge and Cardiff|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/8693710/Rioting-spreads-as-mobs-hit-Gloucester-Cambridge-and-Cardiff.html|newspaper=The Telegraph|date=10 August 2011|location=London}}</ref> *[[Huddersfield]]: An attempt was made to loot an [[Asda]] shop.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-leeds-14472425 |title=Wakefield teenager arrested for riot 'invite' |publisher=BBC News |date=10 August 2011|accessdate=10 August 2011}}</ref> *[[Luton]]: Rioters threw stones at police officers and started small fires. No arrests were made as the anticipated riots did not take place and the strong police presence prevent any opportunity for disorder.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.harpendenpeople.co.uk/Riots-spread-Luton/story-13104130-detail/story.html |title=Riots have not spread to Luton |publisher=Harpenden People |accessdate=20 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927153306/http://www.harpendenpeople.co.uk/Riots-spread-Luton/story-13104130-detail/story.html |archive-date=27 September 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Nottingham]]: Multiple incidents were reported including attacks on police stations in [[The Meadows, Nottingham|The Meadows]], [[St Ann's, Nottingham|St Ann's]] and Canning Circus near [[Radford, Nottingham|Radford]].<ref>{{Cite news|title=UK police station fire bombed|date=9 August 2011|accessdate=9 August 2011|work=[[Nine News]]|url=http://news.ninemsn.com.au/world/8283575/uk-police-station-fire-bombed|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121007025449/http://news.ninemsn.com.au/world/8283575/uk-police-station-fire-bombed|archive-date=7 October 2012|url-status=dead}} {{Cite news|title=Three Nottingham police stations attacked by gangs|date=9 August 2011|accessdate=9 August 2011|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-nottinghamshire-14469857}}</ref> *[[Reading, Berkshire|Reading]]: Police dispersed local scuffles.<ref name="telegraph5"/> *[[Southampton]]: [[Hampshire Constabulary]] ordered shops to close early, and placed riot police in Southampton City Center after tweets, BBMs and Facebook messages were discovered inciting a riot.{{citation needed|date=July 2020}} *[[Watford]]: The [[Halifax Building Society]] was among the businesses to close early in case of a riot. A few scuffles took place.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.watfordobserver.co.uk/news/9187423.Undercover_reporting_of_the_Watford__riot_/ |title=Undercover reporting of the Watford 'riot' (From Watford Observer) |publisher=Watfordobserver.co.uk |date=10 August 2011|accessdate=20 August 2011}}</ref>

====In Wales==== *[[Cardiff]]: police investigated four incidents, including a failed break-in at a branch of the JD Sports chain.<ref name="telegraph5"/>

===Political and legal response===

Prime Minister [[David Cameron]] returned early from his Italian summer holiday and chaired an emergency meeting of [[COBR]], following the third night of violence.<ref>{{cite web|author=Derby Telegraph |url=http://www.thisisderbyshire.co.uk/PM-returns-rioting-spreads-capital/story-13097208-detail/story.html |title=PM returns as rioting spreads in the capital |publisher=This is Derbyshire |date=9 August 2011 |accessdate=20 August 2011}} {{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2011/aug/09/david-cameron-emergency-cobra-meeting-riots|title=David Cameron chairs emergency Cobra meeting after third night of riots|work=The Guardian |location=UK |date=9 August 2011|first1=Andrew|last1=Sparrow|first2=Nicholas|last2=Watt}}</ref> In a statement at 11:00, Cameron announced that 16,000 police officers would be deployed in London, with all police leave cancelled. He announced that [[Parliament of the United Kingdom|Parliament]] would be recalled on 11 August to debate the situation.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-14449675|title=England riots|publisher=BBC |accessdate=9 August 2011|date=11 August 2011}}</ref> Over 525 people had been arrested since the start of the disruption, and the Metropolitan Police have announced their intention to use baton rounds against rioters if necessary.<ref name="GuardianBatonRounds">{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/blog/2011/aug/09/london-riots-violence-looting-live|title=London and UK riots day three aftermath: live coverage|quote=Police have disclosed that live baton rounds – non-lethal plastic bullets – may be deployed tonight. Deputy Assistant Commissioner Steve Kavanagh of the Metropolitan police told our crime correspondent, Sandra Laville: "If we need to, we will do so." He said 525 people have been arrested since rioting began on Saturday, and about 100 have been charged.|date=9 August 2011|work=The Guardian|first1=Richard|last1=Adams|first2=Matt|last2=Wells|first3=Sam|last3=Jones|first4=Paul|last4=Owen}}</ref> East Ham's Labour MP [[Stephen Timms]] and Newham's Mayor [[Robin Wales]] praised police for their efforts that day.<ref name=london24>{{cite news|title=Damage on the streets of Newham in copy-cat attacks|date=9 August 2011|first=Colin|last=Grainger|work=London 24|url=http://www.london24.com/news/business/damage_on_the_streets_of_newham_in_copy_cat_attacks_1_988327|accessdate=10 August 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324132543/http://www.london24.com/news/business/damage_on_the_streets_of_newham_in_copy_cat_attacks_1_988327|archive-date=24 March 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref>

===Police=== Officers from the Thames Valley, Essex, Kent, City of London, Norfolk, North Yorkshire, Hertfordshire, Bedfordshire, Surrey and Sussex police constabularies sent officers to help tackle the London riots.<ref name="strayfm1"/><ref name="getsurrey.co.uk"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.norwichadvertiser24.co.uk/news/uk_riots_latest_norfolk_police_sending_officers_to_london_1_988913 |title=UK RIOTS LATEST: Norfolk police sending officers to London - News - Norwich Advertiser |work=Norwich Advertiser |publisher=Norwichadvertiser24.co.uk |accessdate=20 August 2011 }} {{cite web |url=http://www.thecomet.net/news/hertfordshire_and_bedfordshire_police_forces_help_met_tackle_london_riots_1_988915 |title=Hertfordshire and Bedfordshire police forces help Met tackle London riots - News |date=9 August 2011 |publisher=The Comet |accessdate=20 August 2011 |archive-date=6 April 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120406024319/http://www.thecomet.net/news/hertfordshire_and_bedfordshire_police_forces_help_met_tackle_london_riots_1_988915 |url-status=dead }} {{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-14455850|title=Surrey and Sussex officers sent to aid Met Police|publisher=BBC|date=9 August 2011}} {{cite web |url=http://www.bedfordtoday.co.uk/news/police_response_to_bedfordshire_riot_rumours_1_2944938 |title=Police response to Bedfordshire riot rumours - News |publisher=Bedford Today |date=9 August 2011 |accessdate=20 August 2011 |archive-date=29 March 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120329104937/http://www.bedfordtoday.co.uk/news/police_response_to_bedfordshire_riot_rumours_1_2944938 |url-status=dead }} {{cite news |author1=Vikram Dodd |author2=Caroline Davies |name-list-style=amp |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2011/aug/08/london-riots-escalate-police-battle |title=London riots escalate as police battle for control | UK news |work=The Guardian |date=8 August 2011 |accessdate=1 February 2012 }}</ref>

===Arrests=== By 9 August 2011 563 arrests had been made in London since the start of the disruption,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-14460554 |title=UK riots: Trouble erupts in English cities |date=10 August 2011 |accessdate=10 August 2011 |publisher=BBC News }}</ref> and 100 arrests made in [[Birmingham]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-birmingham-14452468 |title=BBC News – Riots erupt in Birmingham: Police make 130 arrests |publisher=BBC |date=6 July 2011 |accessdate=9 August 2011}}</ref>

A 16-year-old boy was charged with breach of the peace in connection with a message inciting rioting in [[Scotland]] on a social networking site. The boy was detained on the south side of Glasgow about 12.40 over the [[Facebook]] page entitled "Let's Start a Riot in Glasgow", which was related to a similar site called "Glasgow Riot FRIDAY 12TH". Both the sites were shuttered.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-glasgow-west-14461393|title=Scottish youths arrested over Facebook 'riot' messages|publisher=BBC | date=9 August 2011}} {{cite news|title=London riots: Glasgow teenager detained over Facebook message|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/facebook/8691357/London-riots-Glasgow-teenager-detained-over-Facebook-message.html|newspaper=The Telegraph|date=9 August 2011}} {{cite web|last=Girdwood |first=Andrew |url=http://blog.arhg.net/2011/08/did-facebook-do-enough-to-stop-glasgow.html |title=Did Facebook do enough to stop Glasgow riots - or was it the community? |publisher=Blog.arhg.net |date=9 August 2011 |accessdate=20 August 2011}} {{cite web|url=http://www.thedrum.co.uk/news/2011/08/09/24622-calls-made-to-close-glasgow-riot-facebook-page/ |title=Calls made to close Glasgow riot Facebook page - News - THE DRUM - Advertising, Design, Media, Marketing, Digital, PR - News, Information & Jobs |publisher=The Drum |date=9 August 2011 |accessdate=20 August 2011}} {{cite web|url=http://www.thestudentroom.co.uk/showthread.php?t=1732554 |title=You helped me stop a potential riot in Glasgow. |publisher=The Student Room |date=9 August 2011 |accessdate=20 August 2011}} {{cite news|last=Taylor|first=Marianne|title=Why didn't the riots reach Scotland?|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2011/aug/16/why-didn-t-riots-reach-scotland|newspaper=The Guardian|date=16 August 2011|location=London}} {{cite news|last=Carrell|first=Severin|title=Glasgow boy arrested for 'inciting riots' on Facebook|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2011/aug/09/glasgow-boy-arrested-facebook-riots|newspaper=The Guardian|date=9 August 2011|location=London}} {{cite web|url=http://news.stv.tv/scotland/west-central/265557-16-year-old-boy-held-by-police-over-facebook-post-to-incite-glasgow-riot/ |title=16-year-old boy charged over Facebook post to incite Glasgow riot | Glasgow and West | STV News |publisher=News.stv.tv |date=9 August 2011 |accessdate=20 August 2011}}</ref>

==Wednesday, 10 August==

*[[Bristol]]: Avon and Somerset police arrested 19 people following a second night of minor trouble.<ref name="guardian5"/> *[[Coulsdon]]: Looters raided GT Shooting's gun shop in Chipstead Valley Road at 08:47.<ref>{{cite news|title=Looters raid gun shop in Coulsdon | url=http://www.yourlocalguardian.co.uk/news/9186916.BREAKING_NEWS__Looters_raid_gun_shop_in_Coulsdon/| date=10 August 2011 | accessdate =11 August 2011| work=Your Local Guardian}}</ref> *[[Gloucester]] saw stone and bottle throwing that morning, but order was quickly restored.<ref name="guardian5">{{cite news|author1=Sam Jones, Helen Clifton |author2=Martin Wainwright |name-list-style=amp |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2011/aug/10/london-riots-spark-copycat-birmingham |title=UK riots: London violence spreads to cities across England | UK news | guardian.co.uk |work=Guardian |location=UK |date=8 July 2011 |accessdate=10 August 2011}}</ref> *[[Leicester]] Police officers arrested 13 following disturbances in the city centre.<ref name="guardian5"/> *[[Liverpool]]: 200 missile-throwing rioters gathered in the south Liverpool area of [[Toxteth]] and caused disorder and damage, according to Merseyside police. Scuffles in [[Edge Hill, Merseyside|Edge Hill]], and [[Wavertree]] were dispersed. Merseyside police said that 35 arrests were made.<ref name="guardian5"/> *[[London]]: Groups of citizens and shop owners formed in [[London Borough of Enfield|Enfield]], [[Eltham]] and [[Southall]], in an attempt to prevent looting. A senior police officer said that vigilante groups were hampering police operations.<ref name=GuardianCopycat>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2011/aug/10/london-riots-spark-copycat-birmingham |title=UK riots: More than 1,000 arrests strain legal system to the limit |date=10 August 2011 |work=The Guardian |location=UK |first1=Sam|last1=Jones |first2=James |last2=Meikle}}</ref> In the evening, police clashed with a bottle-throwing crowd of about 200 vigilantes in Eltham, containing many [[English Defence League]] members.<ref name="telegraph3">{{cite news|last=Hough |first=Andrew|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/crime/8694472/London-riots-vigilantes-hurl-bottles-at-police-in-Eltham.html|title=London riots: vigilantes hurl bottles at police in Eltham |publisher=Telegraph |date=31 May 2011|accessdate=11 August 2011}}</ref> Jack England, the EDL's south-east regional organiser, claimed to be combining 50 EDL members with local vigilantes to control the streets.<ref name="telegraph4">{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/crime/8692872/London-riots-far-right-political-party-protect-Eltham-residents.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811192940/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/crime/8692872/London-riots-far-right-political-party-protect-Eltham-residents.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 August 2011|title=Video: London riots: far-right political party 'protect' Eltham residents |publisher=Telegraph|accessdate=11 August 2011|date=10 August 2011}}</ref> Overnight a small group of men, threw stones and bottles at the police until they were dispersed.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.usatoday.com/video/index.htm?bctid=1099819937001&csp=taboola|title=Videos: News, Sports, Entertainment, Technology & More |work=USA Today |date=25 May 2011 |accessdate=11 August 2011}}</ref><ref name="usatoday1">{{cite news|url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2011-08-11-britain-riots-raid_n.htm?csp=34news |title=British prime minister vows 'no culture of fear' on streets |work=USA Today |accessdate=11 August 2011 |date=11 August 2011}}</ref> *[[Nottingham]]: A [[police station]] and college were firebombed, shops including House of Fraser inside the Victoria Centre where damaged, pubs were damaged and cars and lorries were set fire to. More than 90 people were arrested.<ref name="guardian5"/> * The Thames Valley: [[Thames Valley Police]] dispersed minor scuffles in [[Reading, Berkshire|Reading]], [[Oxford]] and [[Milton Keynes]] that morning.<ref name="guardian5"/> *[[West Bromwich]]: Parts of the town centre, and several vehicles, were set on fire.<ref name="guardian5"/> * [[Portsmouth]]: A nightclub catches fire by [[South Parade Pier]] causing the whole esplanade to be shut off. It took the Police 3 hours to put the fire out, the building had to be demolished. To this date it is unknown if this was connected to the riots.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-hampshire-14473058 | work=BBC News | title=Hotel and flats evacuated in Southsea seafront fire | date=10 August 2011}}</ref> * [[Worcester, England|Worcester]]: 50 West Mercia officers were deployed to deal with hooded gangs in Worcester and the surrounding towns of Kidderminster, Redditch and Droitwich. Two cars were set on fire in Worcester.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-hereford-worcester-14473791 | work=BBC News | title=Two cars torched and 12 arrested in Worcestershire | date=10 August 2011}}</ref> * [[Slough]]: Shops and leisure facilities - including Absolutely Karting, Absolutely Ten Pin, Absolutely Ice, Montem and Langley leisure centres closed early. The Sainsbury's in Uxbridge Road closed at 10pm rather than 11pm as an anti-looter precaution. The fire brigade confirmed they were put on standby, but nothing happened. The rumours of a major planned riot was just local rumours.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.maidenhead-advertiser.co.uk/news/article-22671-shops-shut-early-over-slough-riot-fears/ |title=Shops shut early over Slough riot fears |publisher=Maidenhead-advertiser.co.uk |accessdate=26 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160202132635/http://www.maidenhead-advertiser.co.uk/news/article-22671-shops-shut-early-over-slough-riot-fears/ |archive-date=2 February 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> * [[St Albans]]: Arson attack led to the complete destruction of the [[Batchwood Hall|Batchwood Tennis and Golf Centre]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hertsad.co.uk/news/four_arrested_on_suspicion_of_arson_following_st_albans_sports_centre_fire_1_991347 |title=Four arrested on suspicion of arson following St Albans sports centre fire |date=11 August 2011 |publisher=Herts Advertiser |accessdate=5 November 2015 |archive-date=2 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160202132635/http://www.hertsad.co.uk/news/four_arrested_on_suspicion_of_arson_following_st_albans_sports_centre_fire_1_991347 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

===Political and legal response=== [[David Cameron]] chaired another emergency meeting of [[Cabinet Office Briefing Room|COBRA]], mid-morning.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2011/aug/09/david-cameron-second-cobra-meeting|title=David Cameron to convene second Cobra meeting on London riots|last=Watt|first=Nicholas|date=9 August 2011|work=The Guardian |location=UK |accessdate=10 August 2011}}</ref> In a statement at 11:05, Cameron announced that [[plastic bullets]] were available to the police for use in response to the riots if necessary, and put contingency plans in place to make [[water cannon]]s available at 24 hours notice.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/uk-pm-david-cameron-says-contingency-plans-for-water-cannon-have-been-put-in-place/2011/08/10/gIQALlRH6I_story.html|title=UK PM David Cameron says contingency plans for water cannon have been put in place|agency=Associated Press|accessdate=10 August 2011}}{{dead link|date=June 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> [[File:Reeves furniture store burnt out.jpg|thumb|right|The remains of the [[House of Reeves]] shop in [[Croydon]]]]

The Acting Scotland Yard Commissioner [[Tim Godwin]] condemned the "gratuitous" violence by the rioters.<ref name="bedfordshire-news1">{{cite web |url=http://www.bedfordshire-news.co.uk/News/Victims-family-condemns-rioting-255900.xnf |title=Victim's family condemns rioting |work=Bedfordshire-news.co.uk |accessdate=20 August 2011}}</ref>

The assistant chief constable of Norfolk police, Charlie Hall, slammed people who used Twitter and Facebook to post "fictitious and malicious rumours" that the riots had moved to many to safe, including [[Norwich]]. Looters had never struck either in Anglia Square or at PC World.<ref name="Eveningnews24.co.uk">{{cite web|url=http://www.eveningnews24.co.uk/news/uk_riot_latest_norfolk_police_blast_riot_rumours_1_990163 |title=UK RIOT LATEST: Norfolk police blast riot rumours - News - Norwich Evening News |date=10 August 2011 |publisher=Eveningnews24.co.uk |accessdate=20 August 2011}}</ref>

===Public response=== The family of Mark Duggan said they "are not condoning" the riots and looting that rocked north London, that left 26 police officers injured.<ref name="bedfordshire-news1"/>

Local Christians gathered in Derby's Market Place yesterday to hold a prayer meeting to ask for God's help and love towards all those involved in the riots.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thisisderbyshire.co.uk/City-prayer-vigil-riot-victims/story-13102251-detail/story.html |title=City prayer vigil for riot victims |publisher=This is Derbyshire |date=10 August 2011 |accessdate=26 September 2011 |archive-date=12 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110812025744/http://www.thisisderbyshire.co.uk/City-prayer-vigil-riot-victims/story-13102251-detail/story.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

===Weather=== Persistent heavy rain reduced the numbers of rioters or wandering groups on the streets.<ref>[[BBC TV 1]] news, 10 pm, 10 August 2011</ref>

===Arrests=== By 08:05, police had made more than 1,100 arrests, including 768 in London, 35 in Liverpool, 5 in Milton Keynes, 90 in Nottingham, 13 in Leicester and 19 in Bristol.<ref name="guardian5" /> By 15:00, the police had made 113 arrests in Greater Manchester.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-14478902 |title=BBC News – Hundreds join Manchester clean-up after riots |publisher=BBC |accessdate=11 August 2011 |date=10 August 2011}}</ref>

==Aftermath== ===Thursday, 11 August=== ====Incidents==== *[[Banbury]]: [[Arson]]ists were thought to be responsible for three fires in Banbury, involving a burning car in Waterworks Road near [[Hennef Way]], a fire in a skip to the rear of a house in [[Bretch Hill]] and the Pepper Pot in [[Grimsbury]] where a recycling bin had been set alight.{{citation needed|date=July 2020}} * [[Dunstable]]: [[The Norman King pub]], a building in [[Dunstable]], [[Bedfordshire]] that dates back to 1109 was destroyed after being set on fire in an arson attack, though police did not link the incident to riots occurring elsewhere in the country, after initial public fears were allayed.<ref>{{cite web|title=Aftermath of blaze at town centre pub|url=http://www.dunstabletoday.co.uk/news/videos/video_aftermath_of_blaze_at_town_centre_pub_1_2951076|work=Dunstable Today|accessdate=12 August 2011|date=11 August 2011}}</ref> * Police were praised for their efforts in preventing riots in the [[London Borough of Hillingdon|Hillingdon]]. Police manned positions in [[Uxbridge High Street]] and [[Hayes Town]]. One unspecified crime occurred in the Tesco on Uxbridge Road, [[Hillingdon]] town, which was closed and cordoned off by police that morning.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uxbridgegazette.co.uk/west-london-news/local-uxbridge-news/2011/08/10/police-praised-for-preventing-riots-in-hillingdon-113046-29210870/ |title=Police praised for preventing riots in Hillingdon |publisher=Uxbridge Gazette |date=11 August 2009 |accessdate=12 August 2011}}</ref>

====Political and legal response==== [[Parliament of the United Kingdom|Parliament]] was recalled from its summer recess.<ref>{{cite news|last=Sparrow|first=Andrew|title=David Cameron announces recall of parliament over riots|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2011/aug/09/david-cameron-announces-recall-parliament|newspaper=The Guardian|date=9 August 2011|location=London}}</ref>

Cameron told lawmakers there would be no "culture of fear" on Britain's streets, and that the government would consider taking gang-fighting tips from American cities such as Boston. He mentioned former Los Angeles and New York Police Chief [[Bill Bratton]] as someone who could offer advice. He said he also wanted to build on the success of programmes to tackle gang culture, such as the task force used by [[Strathclyde Police]].<ref name="mirror1">{{cite web|url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/politics/2011/08/11/uk-riots-david-cameron-turns-spotlight-on-tackling-gang-culture-115875-23337352/#ixzz1UjNwIPdS |title=UK riots: David Cameron turns spotlight on tackling gang culture |work=Daily Mirror |location=UK |date=9 August 2011 |accessdate=11 August 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-14493497 |title=BBC News – England riots: Government mulls social media controls |publisher=BBC |accessdate=11 August 2011 |date=11 August 2011}}</ref> Both [[Theresa May]] and Cameron accused the Metropolitan Police service and the West Midlands Police force of being "too few, too slow, too timid" during the rioting in London and the West Midlands county.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2011/aug/11/tories-attack-riot-policing | location=London | work=The Guardian | first1=Nicholas | last1=Watt | first2=Sandra | last2=Laville | first3=Vikram | last3=Dodd | title=Tories on riot policing: too few, too slow, too timid | date=11 August 2011}}</ref> He said the police on the streets of London were too few and used poor and incorrect tactics when dealing with the rioters.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-14485592|title=England riots: Cameron says police admit to wrong tactics|publisher=BBC | date=11 August 2011}}</ref>

Cameron said that the government, police and intelligence services were looking at whether there should be limits on the use of social media sites such as Twitter and Facebook or services such as [[BlackBerry Messenger]] to spread organised disorder, and whether to turn off social networks or stop texting during times of [[social unrest]].<ref name="mirror1"/><ref>{{cite web|last=Ranger |first=Steve |url=http://www.silicon.com/management/public-sector/2011/08/11/prime-minister-do-we-need-social-media-bans-for-rioters-39747797/ |title=Prime Minister: Do we need social media bans for rioters? | Public Sector |publisher=silicon.com |accessdate=11 August 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Anderson|first=Ash|title=Government Control of Social Media. Are You Prepared?|url=http://www.keynoodle.com/government-control-of-social-media-are-you-prepared/|work=keynoodle.com/government-control-of-social-media-are-you-prepared/}}</ref>

====Arrests==== The number of arrestees in London rose to 922 and 401 suspects had been charged.<ref name="mirror1"/> The police said they had arrested 330 people over the past four nights. One of the arrested people was an 11-year-old girl from Nottingham.<ref>{{cite news|last=Alleyne|first=Richard|title=UK riots: 11-year-old girl held over Nottingham damage|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/crime/8695095/UK-riots-11-year-old-girl-held-over-Nottingham-riots-damage.html|newspaper=The Telegraph|date=11 August 2011|location=London}}</ref>

===Friday, 12 August=== The Prime Minister promised to use the Riot Damages Act, to cover uninsured facilities and buildings and set up a £20,000,000 fund for High Street businesses to use relief following riots.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.antrobus.biz/news-item/businesses-get-rate-relief-following-riots |title=Businesses to get rate relief following riots Guildford, Petersfield | Antrobus Chartered Accountants |publisher=Antrobus.biz |date=22 April 2009 |accessdate=26 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120403001849/http://www.antrobus.biz/news-item/businesses-get-rate-relief-following-riots |archive-date=3 April 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Of more than one thousand people arrested during the three days of troubles in London, about six hundred had been charged by 12 August.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-14501926 |title=London riots: More than 1,000 arrested over disorder |publisher=BBC |date=12 August 2011 |accessdate=26 August 2011}}</ref>

====IPCC investigation==== The IPCC watchdog admitted that it inadvertently led media to believe shots were exchanged and that Mark Duggan was carrying a gun that was never used.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2011/aug/12/mark-duggan-ipcc-misled-media | location=London | work=The Guardian | first1=Paul | last1=Lewis | first2=Sandra | last2=Laville | title=Mark Duggan death: IPCC says it inadvertently misled media | date=12 August 2011}}</ref>

===Saturday, 13 August=== Police forces around England, and especially those in London, Birmingham, Manchester and Nottingham increased their numbers on the streets.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/show-of-force-to-deter-saturday-night-trouble-2336860.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220507/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/show-of-force-to-deter-saturday-night-trouble-2336860.html |archive-date=7 May 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live | location=London | work=The Independent | first=Richard | last=Hall | title=Show of force to deter Saturday night trouble | date=13 August 2011}}</ref> Bill Bratton was announced as Cameron's new crime adviser.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.sky.com/home/uk-news/article/16049302|title=UK Police Body Questions PM's Need For US Cop|publisher=Sky}}</ref>

===Sunday, 14 August=== An estimated 2,000 people joined a vigil in [[Summerfield Park]] and laid flowers in memory of officers men who died protecting shops from looters in [[Winson Green]], Birmingham. They were victims of a [[hit and run]] attack.<ref>{{cite news|last=Topping|first=Alexandra|title=Birmingham mourns its riot dead as three men face charges|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2011/aug/14/birmingham-riots-vigil-three-dead|newspaper=The Guardian|date=14 August 2011|location=London}}</ref>

Scotland Yard stated that 2,140 people had been arrested, of whom about 1,000 had been charged.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.smh.com.au/world/riot-police-frustrated-by-mixed-messages-20110814-1isyd.html#ixzz1V10q64Bp | work=The Sydney Morning Herald | title=Riot police frustrated by mixed messages | date=15 August 2011}}</ref>

===Tuesday, 16 August=== The Deputy PM [[Nick Clegg]] said that the government would set up an independent "community and victims panel" to look into the riots. He pledged that when an offender who leaves prison from March 2012 they will be met by providers on the Work Programme at the prison gate.<ref>{{cite news|last=Rigby |first=Elizabeth |url=https://www.ft.com/content/fc969764-c7f8-11e0-9501-00144feabdc0 |title=Clegg unveils panel to investigate riots |newspaper=Financial Times |publisher=FT.com |date=16 August 2011 |accessdate=26 September 2011}}</ref>

A 16-year-old from [[Hounslow]] was to be tried for the murder of Richard Mannington Bowes as well as violent disorder and four counts of burglary relating to the looting at a [[William Hill (bookmaker)|William Hill]] bookmakers, a [[Tesco Express]], a [[Blockbuster Inc.|Blockbuster]] [[video shop]] and a [[Fatboys]] restaurant.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/uk-news/2011/08/16/boy-16-in-court-over-riot-murder-91466-29244911/#ixzz1VCQRayzx |title=Boy, 16, in court over riot murder - UK News - News |publisher=WalesOnline |date=16 August 2011 |accessdate=26 September 2011}}</ref>

Martin McRobb, the Crown Advocate for CPS Mersey-Cheshire, read out in Chester court that "Jordan Blackshaw and Perry Sutcliffe independently and from the safety of their homes may have thought that it would be acceptable to set up a Facebook page to incite others to take part in disorders in Cheshire." Cheshire Constabulary had discovered that they used a Facebook group that Blackshaw created to promote the rioting. Blackshaw was from Northwich and Sutcliffe was from Warrington.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/news/9198918.RIOTS_UPDATE__Crown_prosecutor_makes_statement_over_four_year_sentence/ | title=RIOTS UPDATE: Crown prosecutor makes statement over four-year sentence }}</ref>

===Wednesday, 17 August=== The Liberal Democrat MP for Bradford East, David Ward, described government plans to withdraw benefits from convicted rioters as "nuts".<ref name="wardrop">{{cite news|last=Wardrop|first=Murray|title=England riots: Liberal Democrats and campaigners condemn 'bonkers' sentences|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/crime/8706102/England-riots-Liberal-Democrats-and-campaigners-condemn-bonkers-sentences.html|archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20110818045904/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/crime/8706102/England-riots-Coalition-split-as-Tories-defend-tough-sentences-for-Facebook-rioters.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 August 2011|newspaper=The Telegraph|date=17 August 2011|location=London}}</ref> Cameron defended the scheme.<ref name="sky">{{cite web|url=http://news.sky.com/home/article/16051613|title=PM defends Facebook jail term|publisher=Sky}}</ref>

[[Prince Charles]] and [[Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall]] visited areas of London, including the Tottenham Green Leisure Centre, which was transformed into an aid centre in the aftermath of the rioting.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-08-17 |title=London riots: Charles and Camilla hear victims' tales |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-london-14560087 |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=BBC News |language=en-gb}}</ref>

===Saturday, 20 August=== [[West Midlands Police]] released pictures of gunmen shooting at police officers in both Birmingham and Wolverhampton. A police helicopter was shot at in the Newton part of Birmingham.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.petersfieldpost.co.uk/news/national/police_release_cctv_riot_footage_1_2984925 |accessdate=26 September 2011 |title=Chiddingfold phone box swaps roles | Home | Bordon Herald }}{{dead link|date=May 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|author=James Carpenter's week |url=https://www.expressandstar.com/news/2011/08/20/birmingham-riot-gunmen-video-footage-released/ |title=Birmingham riot gunmen video footage released « Express & Star |publisher=Expressandstar.com |date=20 August 2011 |accessdate=26 September 2011}} {{cite news| url=http://www.news.com.au/world/rioters-who-shot-at-police-will-be-treated-as-attempted-murderers/story-e6frfkyi-1226118797211 | agency=Associated Press | title=Rioters who shot at police will be treated as attempted murderers | date=20 August 2011 | work=AP}} {{cite news|last=Savvas|first=Christina|title=Birmingham riots: Police overwhelmed at support from public|url=http://www.birminghammail.net/news/top-stories/2011/08/20/birmingham-riots-police-overwhelmed-at-support-from-public-97319-29269654/|newspaper=Birmingham Mail|date=20 August 2011}} {{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-birmingham-14601228|title=West Midlands police release new Birmingham riot images|publisher=BBC | date=20 August 2011}} {{cite news| url=http://www.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/europe/08/20/uk.riots.video/ | work=CNN | title=Police: Footage reveals hooded rioters firing at officers | date=9 August 2011}}</ref>

===Monday, 29 August=== Jae-Kiel Van Eda, 28, was arrested after participating in an act in which 2 constables were hit by a green Citroen while they were dealing with reports of a group looting a clothes shop in [[Waltham Forest]], north-east London on 8 August. One officer suffered knee and leg injuries and the other shoulder injuries.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.sky.com/home/uk-news/article/16058329 |title=Man, 28, Charged After Two Police Officers Were Run Over During The Recent London Riots | UK News | Sky News |publisher=News.sky.com |accessdate=1 February 2012}}</ref>

===Wednesday, 31 August=== As of 31 August, a total of 2,987 were arrested and an estimated £100m of damage recorded in 93 shops and other premises.<ref>{{cite news|last=Rogers |first=Simon |url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2011/aug/09/uk-riots-data-figures |title=UK riots: the key facts and figures |work=The Guardian |date=19 August 2011 |accessdate=1 February 2012 |location=London}}</ref>

==References== {{Reflist|30em}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:England Riots}} [[Category:2011 England riots|Timeline]] [[Category:Contemporary history timelines]] [[Category:Crime-related timelines]] [[Category:Riot timelines]]