Tibradden Mountain

{{short description|Mountain in Ireland}} {{Use British English|date=October 2012}} {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}} {{Infobox mountain | name = Tibradden Mountain | other_name = Garrycastle;<ref name="Healy_93">Healy, p. 93</ref> Kilmainhambegg<ref name="Healy_93" /> | image = Tibradden Mountain.jpg | image_alt = | image_caption = Tibradden from Montpelier Hill | elevation_m = 467 | elevation_ref = <ref name="OSI">{{cite map |publisher=Ordnance Survey Ireland |title=Discovery Series No. 50 }}</ref> | range = Dublin Mountains | prominence_m = 30 | prominence_ref = <ref name="MV">{{Cite web|url=http://mountainviews.ie/mv/index.php?mtnindex=560 |title=Tibradden Mountain |access-date=2010-07-25 |work=Mountain Views }}</ref> | native_name = {{Native name|ga|Sliabh Thigh Bródáin|paren=omit}} | location = County Dublin, Ireland | map = island of Ireland | map_relief = yes | map_caption = Location in Ireland | label = Tibradden | label_position = right | coordinates = {{coord|53.238744|N|6.280158|W|type:mountain_region:IE-D_scale:100000|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | range_coordinates = | coordinates_ref = <ref name="OSI" /> | topo = OSI Discovery No. 50 | grid_ref_Ireland = O1487822281 | listing = }}

'''Tibradden Mountain''' ({{Irish place name|Sliabh Thigh Bródáin|mountain of the house of Bródáin}})<ref name="Logainm">{{Cite web|url=https://www.logainm.ie/ga/1166752 |title=Tibradden Mountain |work=Placenames Database of Ireland |publisher=Department of Culture, Heritage and the Gaeltacht |access-date=6 June 2020}}</ref> is a mountain in County Dublin, Ireland. Other former names for the mountain include "Garrycastle" and "Kilmainham Begg" (a reference to Kilmainham Priory which once owned the lands around the mountain).<ref name="Healy_93" /> It is {{convert|467|m|ft|abbr=off}} high<ref name="OSI" /> and is the 561st-highest mountain in Ireland.<ref name="MV" /> It forms part of the group of hills in the Dublin Mountains which comprises Two Rock, Three Rock, Kilmashogue and Tibradden Mountains.<ref>Healy, p. 105.</ref> The views from the summit encompass Dublin to the north, Two Rock to the east and the Wicklow Mountains to the south and west.<ref name="Fourwinds_154">Fourwinds, p. 154.</ref>

The geological composition is mainly granite and the southern slopes are strewn with granite boulders.<ref name="Coillte">{{Cite web|url=http://www.coillteoutdoors.ie/?id=53&rec_site=51 |title=Tibradden Wood (Pine Forest) |access-date=2010-07-29 |work=Coillte Outdoors }}</ref> The summit area is a habitat for heather, furze, gorse and bilberry as well as Sika deer, foxes and badgers.<ref name="Coillte" /> The forestry plantation on the slopes – known as the Pine Forest – contains Scots pine, Japanese larch, European larch, Sitka spruce, oak and beech.<ref name="Coillte" /> The mountain is also a site of archaeological interest with a prehistoric burial site close to the summit.

==History== ===Prehistoric monuments=== Close to the summit is a prehistoric burial site. Local tradition associates it, incorrectly, with Niall Glúndub.<ref>Curtis, p. 107.</ref> It was excavated in 1849 by members of the Royal Irish Academy who found a stone-lined cist containing a pottery vessel and cremated remains, now preserved by the National Museum of Ireland in Dublin.<ref name="Healy_91">Healy, p. 91.</ref><ref>Fourwinds, p. 23.</ref> In its present form, the site consists of an open circular chamber {{convert|10|ft|m|abbr=off}} in diameter with a narrow passage.<ref name="Healy_92">Healy, p. 92.</ref> For many years, it was believed that this monument was a passage grave and the author Robert Graves refers to it as such in his poetic mythological work ''The White Goddess'' (1948).<ref name="Fourwinds_153">Fourwinds, p. 153.</ref> However, conservation work done at the site in 1956 revealed that the chamber and passage were not original features but had probably been created at the time of the original excavation in the nineteenth century.<ref>Fourwinds, p. 23-24.</ref> A stone bench was also found in the centre, apparently built for the convenience of visitors to the site.<ref name="Archdrude">{{Cite web|url=http://www.themodernantiquarian.com/site/1694/tibradden.html |title=Tibradden (Chambered Cairn) |access-date=2010-07-30 |work=The Modern Antiquarian }}</ref> It is now accepted that the monument is in fact a chambered cairn with a cist burial at the centre.<ref name="Fourwinds_153" /><ref name="Archdrude" /> The site may be the burial place of Bródáin, after whom the mountain is named.<ref name="Fourwinds_154" /><ref>Joyce, p. 135</ref> The monument is not at the summit of the mountain but is located slightly to the north at a position where the view across Dublin Bay to Howth is not obscured by Two Rock.<ref name="Fourwinds_154" /> Within the chamber itself lies a stone with a spiral pattern.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.megalithomania.com/show/site/260/tibradden_rock_art.htm |title=Tibradden Cairn Rock Art, County Dublin |access-date=2010-07-18 |last=Fourwinds |first=Tom |work=Megalithomania }}</ref> It became a national monument in 1940.<ref>'The Irish Times', Saturday, 9 November 1940</ref> {{multiple image | align = left | width = 220 | header = Tibradden Cairn | image1 = Tibradden Chambered Cairn.jpg | caption1 = The open cairn with pseudo-passage leading to the centre. | image2 = Spiral Stone Tibradden.jpg | caption2 = Stone with spiral pattern inside the chamber. }} {{clear}}

[[File:O'Connell's Rock at Tibradden.jpg|thumb|right|O'Connell's Rock.]]

===Other sites of historical interest=== The antiquarian Weston St. John Joyce described a rude carving of a cross and a crowned figure with upraised arms on one of the rocks to the south of the summit.<ref name="Joyce_134-5">Joyce, p. 134-135.</ref> This feature was also documented and photographed by the archaeologist Patrick Healy.<ref name="Healy_92-3">Healy, ''Rathfarnham Roads'', p. 92-93.</ref> Although the cross is in an early Christian style, Joyce and Healy both surmised it and the figure to have been carved at some time in the nineteenth century.<ref name="Joyce_134-5" /><ref name="Healy_92-3" /> Both carvings are still somewhat visible (the figure less so than the cross) but require direct light on the rock. On the southern slopes, along the R116 road is a stone with the inscription, "O'Connell's Rock, 23 July 1823".<ref name="Healy_93" /> Daniel O'Connell gave an address to the local populace from this rock as they celebrated Garland Sunday that year.<ref name="Healy_93" />

[[File:Dublin Mountains Way dedication plaque.jpg|thumb |left |The dedication plaque for the Dublin Mountains Way in the Pine Forest.]]

==Access and recreation== Access to the mountain is possible via the Pine Forest, a Coillte-owned forest recreation area on the slopes of the mountain which is managed by the Dublin Mountains Partnership.<ref name="Coillte" /> Tibradden is also traversed by the Dublin Mountains Way hiking trail that runs between Shankill and Tallaght while the Wicklow Way hiking trail runs to the southeast of the summit.<ref name="OSI" /> The first part of the Dublin Mountains Way to be completed was the section linking Tibradden, Kilmashogue and Cruagh forests and a dedication plaque marking its opening on 19 June 2009 by Éamon Ó Cuív, TD, Minister for Community, Rural and Gaeltacht Affairs can be found along the route of the Way in the Pine Forest.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dublinmountains.ie/news/latest_news/read_article/?no_cache=1&tx_ttnews%5Bpointer%5D=2&tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=83&tx_ttnews%5BbackPid%5D=45&cHash=a71f93202f |title=New Volunteer Ranger Service launched in Dublin Mountains as major new walking trail project unveiled |access-date=2010-07-30 |work=Dublin Mountains Partnership }}</ref>

There is another dedication plaque in the Pine Forest, near the car park, marking the inauguration of the Dublin Mountains Partnership on 24 October 2008 by Eamon Ryan, TD, Minister for Communications, Energy and Natural Resources.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dublinmountains.ie/fileadmin/templates/template01/documents/DMP_Newsletter_01a.pdf |title=Viewpoint: The Dublin Mountains Partnership Newsletter |access-date=2010-07-30 |date=Spring 2009 |work=Dublin Mountains Partnership |pages=2 }}</ref>

==References==

===Notes=== {{reflist}}

===Bibliography=== *{{cite journal |last=Curtis |first=Edmund |author-link=Edmund Curtis |date=March–May 1942 |title=Norse Dublin |journal=Dublin Historical Record |volume=4 |issue=3 |pages=96–108 |location=Dublin |publisher=Old Dublin Society |issn=0012-6861|jstor=30102592 }} *{{Cite book|last=Fourwinds |first=Tom |title=Monu-mental About: Prehistoric Dublin |year=2006 |publisher=Nonsuch Publishing Limited |location=Dublin |isbn=978-1-84588-560-1 }} *{{Cite book|last=Healy |first=Patrick |title=Rathfarnham Roads |date=April 2005 |publisher=South Dublin Libraries |location=Dublin |isbn=0-9547660-3-2 |url=http://www.askaboutireland.ie/aai-files/assets/libraries/south-dublin-county-library/reading-room/Digital%20Books/Rathfarnham%20Roads.pdf |access-date=7 August 2010 }} *{{Cite book|last=Joyce |first=Weston St. John |title=The Neighbourhood of Dublin |year=1994 |orig-year=first published 1912 |publisher=Hughes and Hughes |location=Dublin |isbn=0-7089-9999-9 }} *{{Cite map |publisher=Ordnance Survey Ireland |title=Discovery Series No. 50: Dublin, Kildare, Meath, Wicklow |edition=6th |year=2010 |scale=1:50,000 |series=Discovery Series |isbn=978-1-907122-17-0 }}

==External links== *[http://www.dublinmountains.ie/index.php?id=137 Tibradden Mountain] at [http://www.dublinmountains.ie Dublin Mountains Partnership] *[http://mountainviews.ie/mv/index.php?mtnindex=560 Tibradden Mountain] at [http://mountainviews.ie Mountain Views]

Category:Mountains and hills of South Dublin (county) Category:Archaeological sites in County Dublin