{{Short description|Light rail system in Tianshui, Gansu, China}} {{Infobox Public transit | name = Tianshui Tram | native_name = 天水有轨电车 | image = Tianshui Tram network map.svg | imagesize = 300px | locale = Tianshui, Gansu, China | transit_type = Light rail | ended_operation = | system_length = {{convert|30.1|km|mi|abbr=on|0}}<ref name="RG25">{{Cite web|url=https://www.railwaygazette.com/chongqing-nanchang-guangzhou-and-tianshui-expand-their-networks/69096.article|title=Chongqing, Nanchang, Guangzhou and Tianshui expand their networks|publisher=Railway Gazette International|date=July 7, 2025|language=en|access-date=10 July 2025}}</ref> | lines = 2 | vehicles = 17 | stations = 26 | ridership = | map = | alt = Logo | caption = Network map (2019) | owner = | area served = Qinzhou and Maiji districts, Tianshui, Gansu, China | line_number = | start = | end = | annual_ridership = | chief_executive = | website = | began_operation = {{Start date and age|2020|05|01}}<ref name=tsrb202005>{{cite web|url=http://www.tsrb.com.cn/xwzx/2020-05/01/content_2077021.html|date=2020-05-01|title=【视频】5月1日10点，天水有轨电车将通车运营}}</ref> | operator = Tianshui Signal & Communication Trams Co., Ltd (天水通号有轨电车有限责任公司) | character = | top_speed = {{convert|70|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} | map_state = | image2 = | imagesize2 = }} '''Tianshui Tram''' is a light rail system consisting of two lines in Qinzhou District and Maiji District, Tianshui, Gansu, China.
==History== Construction started on July 15, 2018<ref>{{cite web|title=天水有轨电车首跨现浇简支箱梁开始进行混凝土浇筑|date=2 November 2018|publisher=深圳市兴昌达机械设备有限公司|url=https://www.xcdcar.com/nd.jsp?id=3091}}</ref> and testing started in March 2019 on a 600 meter long test section.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hantram.cn/index/inf.html?no=201904122110001|title=首列天水有轨电车试车啦~-汉唐有轨电车|website=www.hantram.cn}}</ref> The total investment for the project is estimated at 2.446 billion Yuan.<ref name=maiji8257>{{Cite web|url=http://www.maiji.gov.cn/html/news/tsyw/2018-11/8257.html|title=王军与尹刚就天水有轨电车项目座谈交流|website=www.maiji.gov.cn}}</ref> The first phase started commercial operation on May 1, 2020.<ref name=tsrb202005 />
In 2024 it was reported that the single completed tram line operates at a huge loss, having a CNY 16 million annual passenger revenue while having a CNY 40 million annual operating cost. The tram project's financial burden on the city's finances have led to construction of phase 2 of the first line to be delayed.<ref>{{Cite web |title=甘肃天水盲目举债上马“有轨电车”被通报：一期年运营亏空三千万，二期成“闹心”工程 |url=https://www.stcn.com/article/detail/1093417.html |access-date=2024-01-16 |website=www.stcn.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-16 |title=Caught in a tram: Chinese city's 'white elephant' project named and shamed |url=https://www.scmp.com/economy/china-economy/article/3248653/chinese-city-named-and-shamed-white-elephant-tram-spending-put-under-microscope |access-date=2024-01-17 |website=South China Morning Post |language=en}}</ref>
On June 18, 2025, most of the second phase opened for passengers: Wulipu to Jingkun Xijun Sanzhong and Yangpodong to Tianshui Jichang,<ref>{{Cite web |title=曾被通报批评，甘肃天水有轨电车经整改后二期开通运营，首月免费乘坐 |url=http://m.cnhubei.com/content/2025-06/18/content_19265991.html |access-date=2025-06-19 |website=m.cnhubei.com}}</ref> while the airport to Yingchuan Hekou terminus section is still under construction.
==Background== Public transport in Tianshui was almost solely serviced by bus routes before. The Tianshui Tram is the first rail transport in Tianshui for local transit. Due to the spatial layout of Tianshui in an east-west river valley, all planned lines will roughly follow the river. Tianshui government chose China Railway Signal & Communication (CRSC) to develop the tram line under a design-build-operate contract. The system is the first revenue service of CRSC's new tram subsidiary, and will also function as a demonstration of their technology.
== Lines == Originally there was 3 lines being planned for the Tianshui network with a long-term perspective of an addition of two more lines.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.railwaygazette.com/vehicles/tianshui-tram-rolled-out/48472.article|title=Tianshui tram rolled out|website=Railway Gazette}}</ref>
Line 1 was consisting of a main line from Jiekou Town to Economic Development Zone, and a branch line from Yangpodong to Tianshui Railway Station. Among them, the main line (Jiekou Town to Economic Development Zone) was planned to be the main rail transit line in Tianshui City that crosses the east-west main urban area, connecting the main urban areas of Qinzhou and Maiji districts, while taking into account the enlarging towns and economic development zones around the main urban area.
Line 2 was planned to be a north-south line connecting Qinzhou District and Sanyangchuan. It should have mainly undertaken passenger transportation tasks in the central urban areas of Tianshui City and Sanyangchuan New Area, while taking into account the role of public transportation in Sanyangchuan New Town.
Line 3 was another north-south line connecting Maiji District and Maijishan Scenic Area with an additional section from Yingchuanhekou to Maijishan Grottoes on Line 3.
===Line 1=== ;Phase 1 The first phase of Line 1 is running from Wulipu station in Qinzhou District to Tianshui Railway Station in Maiji District.<ref name=t201911>{{cite web|url=https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/DprcY394U7NuBaxKHAEmVg|title=重磅！天水首条有轨电车成功实现全线轨通（视频+图文）|work=天水发布 (Tianshui Announcement)|date=2019-11-18}}</ref> The tram tracks follow the Jie River, and further along, the Wei River closely for the entire length and are built on a man-made raised riverbank. Phase 1 of Line 1 has a length of {{convert|12.9|km|mi}} and serving 12 stations with two more stations not having been opened yet.<ref name=railmetrochina1>{{Cite web|url=http://www.railmetrochina.com/%e5%a4%a9%e6%b0%b4%e6%9c%89%e8%bd%a8%e7%94%b5%e8%bd%a6%e4%b8%80%e6%9c%9f%e9%93%ba%e8%bd%a8%e5%b7%a5%e7%a8%8b%e4%b8%8b%e6%9c%88%e5%ba%95%e5%ae%8c%e5%b7%a5.html|title=天水有轨电车一期铺轨工程下月底完工|date=June 19, 2019}}</ref> It was constructed by China Railway Signal & Communication Guizhou Construction Company<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thjs.crsc.cn/news/tsi_2823_6313_21529.html|title=天水有轨电车工程_首页_中国铁路通信信号贵州建设有限公司|website=thjs.crsc.cn}}</ref> and has no at-grade road intersections.<ref>{{cite web|title=天水有轨电车开始进行槽型轨焊接|date=29 May 2019|publisher=新浪网|url=https://k.sina.com.cn/article_6068931221_169bc8a9504000ntf8.html}}</ref> The commercial operation commenced on May 1, 2020.<ref name=tsrb202005 />
;Phase 2 Phase 2 was originally planned to start construction in October 2019,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.ecrrc.com/detail-30-29892.html|title=天水有轨电车示范线(二期)项目正式启动 总投资64亿|website=news.ecrrc.com}}</ref> this was later revised to November 2020 with a construction period of three years and a budget of CNY6.547 billion (US$990 million).<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=天水市有轨电车示范线（二期）项目开工|url=http://www.gansu.gov.cn/art/2020/11/26/art_36_474303.html|access-date=2020-12-11|website=www.gansu.gov.cn}}</ref> This second phase consists of a west extension of Line 1 and it was built simultaneously with the originally named branch line of Line 1, later rebranded as Line 2, the southeast extension branch line.<ref name=rail1 /> In total the new sections will measure {{Convert|21.6|km|mi|abbr=on}} and having 19 stops, creating a light rail network of {{Convert|35.0|km|mi|abbr=on}}.<ref name=":0" />
The west extension from Wulipu station onwards with {{Convert|11.9|km|mi|abbr=on}} and 10 stations deviates from the riverbank, passing through the commercial centre of Qinzhou District, terminating at Jingkun Xijun Sanzhong (Jingkun Xijun ＆ Tianshui No.3 Middle School).<ref name="rail1">{{cite web|url=http://www.rail-transit.com/project/show.php?itemid=407|date=2019-10-31|title=天水市有轨电车示范线（二期）工程}}</ref> It was opened on 18 June 2025,<ref name="RG25" /> except Tianshui Jichang to Fenlukou section is delayed, and finally opened on 26 September 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-09-25 |title=重大消息！天水有轨电车二期工程全线贯通运营！ |url=https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/e7rpErTICoPkbDu-Ir6BgA}}</ref>
;Station list {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="2" |Service routes ! Station name en ! Station name zh<ref name="tsrb202005">{{cite web|url=http://www.tsrb.com.cn/xwzx/2020-05/01/content_2077021.html|date=2020-05-01|title=【视频】5月1日10点，天水有轨电车将通车运营}}</ref> ! Location ! Connections |- | align="center"|● | | Tianshui Train Station | 天水火车站 | rowspan="10" |Maiji | {{rint|cn|rail|link=Tianshui railway station}} TSJ |- | align="center"|● | | Maiji Bus Station | 麦积公交总站 | |- | align="center"|● | | Chengjixinjiayuan | 成纪新家园 | |- | align="center"|● | | Shiyizhong | 市一中 | |- | align="center"|● | | Pujingjiu Road | 铺经九路 | |- | align="center"|<nowiki>|</nowiki> | align="center"|● |Fenlukou |分路口 | |- | align="center"|<nowiki>|</nowiki> | align="center"|● |Huaniu |花牛 | |- | align="center"|<nowiki>|</nowiki> | align="center"|● |Tianshui Jichang |天水机场 |{{Rint|air|link=Tianshui Maijishan Airport}} THQ |-bgcolor="lightgrey" | align="center"|<nowiki>|</nowiki> | align="center"|<nowiki>|</nowiki> |''Gaotiexincheng{{NoteTag|reserved station, no indicate of opening time}}'' |高铁新城 | |- | align="center"|<nowiki>|</nowiki> | align="center"|● |Tianshui Nanzhan |天水南站 |{{rint|cn|rail|link=Tianshui railway station}} TIJ |- | align="center"|<nowiki>|</nowiki> | align="center"|● |Baiyacun |白崖村 | |- | align="center"|<nowiki>|</nowiki> | align="center"|● |Dongershilipu |东二十里铺 | |- | align="center"|● | align="center"|● | Yangpodong | 阳坡东 | |- | | align="center"|● | Jihejingguangongyuan | 藉河景观公园 | |- | | align="center"|● | Tianxiudaqiao | 天秀大桥 | |- | | align="center"|● | Chengjixincheng | 成纪新城 | rowspan="14" |Qinzhou | |- | | align="center"|● | Xianjia Road | 县家路 | |- | | align="center"|● | Yanhecun | 闫河村 | |- | | align="center"|● | Wulipu | 五里铺 | |- | | align="center" |● |Gongye Bowuguan |工业博物馆 | |- | | align="center" |● |Zhuge Junlei |诸葛军垒 | |- | | align="center" |● |Nongfa Hang |农发行 | |- | | align="center" |● |Lantian Guangchang |兰天广场 | |- | | align="center" |● |Fuximiao |伏羲庙 | |- | | align="center" |● |Tianshui Shida |天水师大 | |- | | align="center" |● |Chiyulu |赤峪路 | |- | | align="center" |● |Xishili |西十里 | |- | | align="center" |● |Jidian Xueyuan |机电学院 | |- | | align="center" |● |Jingkun Xijun Sanzhong |景坤西郡三中 | |} {{reflist|group=note}}
;Service Trams run every 10 minutes during peak-hours and every 15 minutes during regular hours.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.weibo.com/5642471321/IkIUri67F?from=page_1005055642471321_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime|title=天水事儿|quote=高峰期将达到10分钟一列，平峰期15分钟一列。|date=14 December 2019}}</ref>
===Line 2=== Line 2 was newly planned to split from Line 1 halfway at Yangpodong station, immediately crossing the Jie River, and serving Tianshui South railway station, then continuing through the southeast part of the built-up area in Maiji District, on the south bank of the Wei River and Jie River. The line was originally planned to cover a total of {{convert|16.1|km|mi}} and serve 17 stations.<ref name=railmetrochina1/>
As construction of Line 2 started with phase 2 of the Line 1, the plans had already been cut and the southeast extension branch will now run from Yangpodong to Yingchuan Hekou, covering {{Convert|10.2|km|mi|abbr=on}} and serving 10 stations.<ref name="rail1" /> It has been opened for {{Convert|5.3|km|mi|abbr=on}} with additional four stations until the airport together with the west extension on 18 June 2025. These extensions have triggered a reorganisation of operations, with the section of original line from Yangpodong to Tianshui Rail Station now operated as Line 2, with the main of the system becoming Line 1 from Tianshui South HSR station to Jingkunxijun Tianshui No.3 Middle School.<ref name="RG25" />
===Line 3=== Line 3 is now planned to be {{convert|7.25|km|mi}} long and service 10 stations on the south bank of the Jie River in Qinzhou District.<ref name=railmetrochina1/><!---there is construction works going on at Xihuang Blvd until Sunjiaping Rd, but no text sources to find--->
== Network map == {{Rapid transit OSM map|system_qid=Q80141035|frame-width=450|frame-height=330}}
== Rolling stock == thumb|Rolling stock at Changsha International Convention & Exhibition Centre The rolling stock on Line 1 is constructed by China Railway Signal & Communication Vehicle Company in Changsha. The trams use supercapacitors combined with batteries, instead of overhead lines, and are charged only at stops.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-06-09|title=Tianshui tramway opens|url=http://www.tautonline.com/tianshui-tramway-opens/|access-date=2021-06-05|website=The International Light Rail Magazine|language=en-US}}</ref> The trams are fully low floor, have a maximum speed of {{convert|70|km/h|mph}} and have 58 seats, and a total carrying capacity of 370 persons.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gansu.gscn.com.cn/system/2018/11/14/012060685.shtml|title=天水有轨电车“龙文化”车模亮相_天水_中国甘肃网|website=gansu.gscn.com.cn}}</ref> Each tramset consists of five short wheelbase carriages.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_3245766|title=它，真的来了！天水有轨电车首车复编上线（视频）_政务_澎湃新闻-The Paper|website=www.thepaper.cn}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.crsc.com.cn/news/tsi_3195_13363_41276.html|title=CRSC's First Tram Sent to Tianshui|date=24 March 2019}}</ref> It is the first implementation of CRSC's new low-floor trams.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/cndy/2018-11/30/content_37334787.htm|title=Rail transit industry expo wows crowds with state-of-the-art models - Chinadaily.com.cn|website=www.chinadaily.com.cn}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://juganchina.com/Portals/21/Uploads/Files/2016/2-3/635901023004487711.pdf|title=Status of External Contracts Signed in 2015|publisher=China Railway Signal & Communication}}</ref>
The trams are nicknamed "Boyue" (伯约),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://gs.ifeng.com/a/20200501/14116405_0.shtml|title=“伯约号”鸣笛 天水有轨电车通车了！}}</ref> the courtesy name of Jiang Wei, a military general from the historical Three Kingdoms period who grew up in Tianshui.
==References== {{reflist}}
{{Gansu transit}} {{Urban rail transit in China}}
Category:Transport in Gansu Category:Tianshui Category:Tram transport in China Category:Railway lines opened in 2020 Category:2020 establishments in China