{{Short description|American politician (born 1952)}} {{Use mdy dates|date=November 2025}} {{Use American English|date=November 2025}} {{BLP sources|date=April 2009}} {{Infobox officeholder |name = Thurbert Baker |image = Thurbert Baker (2018).png |caption = Baker in 2018 |office = 46th Attorney General of Georgia |governor = Zell Miller<br>Roy Barnes<br>Sonny Perdue |term_start = June 1, 1997 |term_end = January 10, 2011 |predecessor = Mike Bowers |successor = Sam Olens |state_house1 = Georgia |district1 = 70th |term_start1 = January 11, 1993 |term_end1 = June 1, 1997 |preceded1 = John T. Simpson |succeeded1 = Stan Watson |state_house2 = Georgia |district2 = 51st |term_start2 = January 9, 1989 |term_end2 = January 11, 1993 |preceded2 = Ken Workman |succeeded2 = Billy McKinney |birth_name = Thurbert Earl Baker<ref>[https://archive.org/details/commencement19751975univ/page/72 University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (Class of 1975) Commencement, page 72]</ref> |birth_date = {{birth date and age|1952|12|16}} |birth_place = Rocky Mount, North Carolina, U.S. |death_date = |death_place = |party = Democratic |spouse = Catherine Baker |alma_mater = University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (BA)<br>Emory University (JD) }} '''Thurbert Earl Baker''' (born December 16, 1952)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.google.com/search?tbm=bks&q=Thurbert+Baker+1952&btnG=Search+Books#sclient=psy&hl=en&tbo=1&tbs=bks:1&source=hp&q=+BAKER%2C+THURBERT+E.+Attorney+general.+Personal%3A+Born+Dec+16%2C+1952%2C+Rocky+Mount%2C+NC&aq=f&aqi=&aql=&oq=&pbx=1&fp=cc7216a82c53364 |title = Thurbert Baker 1952 - Google Search}}</ref> served as the first African American Attorney General of the U.S. state of Georgia. He was appointed to the position in 1997 by Governor Zell Miller<ref name=CQ090402>{{cite web|last=Kapochunas|first=Rachel|title=Georgia Attorney General Joins Race for Governor|publisher=Congressional Quarterly|date=2009-04-02|url=http://blogs.cqpolitics.com/eyeon2010/2009/04/georgia-attorney-general-joins.html|accessdate=2009-04-03|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20110708201145/http://blogs.cqpolitics.com/eyeon2010/2009/04/georgia-attorney-general-joins.html|archivedate=2011-07-08}}</ref> and served until January 10, 2011.
Governor Zell Miller installed Thurbert Baker (at the time his chief lieutenant in the Georgia House of Representatives) as attorney general on June 1, 1997, making him the first African-American to hold that job in Georgia and the only black state attorney general in the country at the time. Baker was subsequently elected to the position three times as a Democrat.<ref name=CQ090402/> In the 2006 general election, Baker received more votes—and a higher percentage of the vote—than any other Democrat running statewide in Georgia, being one of three Democrats to win statewide that year (the other two being Agriculture Commissioner Tommy Irvin and Labor Commissioner Michael Thurmond). These three would remain the last Democrats to win statewide in Georgia until 2020, when Joe Biden narrowly carried the state in his successful presidential bid. Baker served the fourth-longest tenure as Attorney General in state history (behind Eugene Cook, Arthur K. Bolton and Michael J. Bowers).
==Legislature== {{unreferenced section|date=March 2026}} Baker served in the Georgia House of Representatives from 1989 to 1997. From 1993, until his appointment as Attorney General, he was the Miller Administration's House Floor Leader. During his legislative tenure, Baker sponsored several significant legislative initiatives. Chief among those were the HOPE Scholarship and the "Two Strikes and You're Out" law, designed to put the worst repeat violent felons in prison for life without parole.
==Attorney General== {{more citations needed|date=March 2026}} [[File:Zell Miller and Thurbert Baker.jpg|thumb|left|Baker with Zell Miller]] Baker served as the President of the National Association of Attorneys General from 2006 to 2007. As Attorney General, Baker focused on initiatives to fight crime and fraud, including stronger laws against sexual predators who use the Internet to target children, laws against financial identity theft, and stronger laws against residential mortgage fraud. He also advocated for the abolition of parole for persons convicted of violent crimes, which the Georgia General Assembly did not enact.
In 2003, Baker and Governor Sonny Perdue clashed in court, with both claiming the right to control the state's legal affairs. The controversy involved gerrymandering, and arose when Perdue ordered Baker to drop an appeal of a case involving a legal challenge to a legislative redistricting map drawn by the Democratic legislative majority and signed into law by Perdue's Democratic predecessor, Roy Barnes. When Baker refused to drop the appeal, Perdue sued him. The Supreme Court of Georgia ultimately sided with Baker, ruling 5-2 that the Attorney General, as an elected constitutional officer, is independent of the Governor and has the power to control the state government's legal affairs.
In 2010, Perdue and Baker clashed again when Perdue asked Baker to sue the federal government over the passage of the federal Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act ("Obama Care"). Baker declined, arguing that he saw no legal basis for the suit, believed it would ultimately fail, and decrying it as "frivolous" and a "waste of taxpayer money".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/31/us/politics/31georgia.html|title=Georgia Attorney General Spurns Suit on Health Care|first=Robbie|last=Brown|work=The New York Times |date=March 31, 2010|via=NYTimes.com}}</ref> In response, Perdue appointed a "special" Attorney General for that purpose. Some Republican state lawmakers subsequently introduced legislation to impeach Baker for his refusal.
==2010 gubernatorial campaign== {{main|2010 Georgia gubernatorial election}} In 2010, Baker ran for governor. He was defeated in the Democratic primary by former governor Roy Barnes.<ref name=CQ090402/><ref>[http://projects.ajc.com/election-results/2010/07/20/statewide/ AJC: Statewide election results] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100724051325/http://projects.ajc.com/election-results/2010/07/20/statewide/ |date=2010-07-24 }}</ref> Barnes was defeated in the general election, later that year, in a Republican sweep of statewide offices.{{citation needed|date=March 2026}}
==Personal== {{unreferenced section|date=March 2026}} Baker was born in Rocky Mount, North Carolina in 1952. He grew up with Mike Easley, the former Governor of North Carolina and former Attorney General of North Carolina, Roy Cooper, another former Attorney General of North Carolina and current Governor of North Carolina, and Gregory O. Griffin, the current Chief Legal Counsel for the Alabama Board of Pardons and Paroles. While attending the University of North Carolina, Baker was on the fencing team, and won the 1975 Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) individual sabre championship. In 2002, the ACC recognized him as one of the best fencers in its history, naming him to its 50th anniversary fencing team. Baker moved to Georgia in the 1970s to practice law.
Baker and his wife, Catherine, an educator, reside in the Atlanta suburb of Stone Mountain. They have two daughters. He is a practicing Baptist and a member of Omega Psi Phi fraternity.
==Education== *J.D., Emory University School of Law, 1979 *Bachelor of Arts, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1975
==References== {{Reflist}}
==External links== *[http://edition.cnn.com/2007/US/06/11/teen.sex.case/ CNN Story about the Genarlow Wilson Case] *[http://law.ga.gov/00/article/0,2086,87670814_87670929_87990821,00.html Official site] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071021050126/http://law.ga.gov/00/article/0,2086,87670814_87670929_87990821,00.html |date=2007-10-21 }}
{{s-start}} {{s-ppo}} {{s-bef|before=Wesley Dunn}} {{s-ttl|title=Democratic nominee for Attorney General of Georgia|years=1998, 2002, 2006}} {{s-aft|after=Ken Hodges}} {{s-legal}} {{s-bef|before=Mike Bowers}} {{s-ttl|title=Attorney General of Georgia|years=1997–2011}} {{s-aft|after=Sam Olens}} {{s-end}}{{Attorney General of Georgia}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Baker, Thurbert}} Category:1952 births Category:African-American state legislators in Georgia (U.S. state) Category:Baptists from North Carolina Category:Candidates in the 2010 United States elections Category:University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill alumni Category:Emory University School of Law alumni Category:Georgia (U.S. state) attorneys general Category:Georgia (U.S. state) lawyers Category:Living people Category:Democratic Party members of the Georgia House of Representatives Category:People from Rocky Mount, North Carolina Category:People from Stone Mountain, Georgia Category:20th-century African-American politicians Category:20th-century members of the Georgia General Assembly Category:21st-century African-American politicians Category:21st-century Georgia (U.S. state) politicians