{{Short description|Genus of polypod ferns}} {{Automatic taxobox | image = Thelypteris palustris 02.jpg | image_caption = ''Thelypteris palustris'' | taxon = Thelypteris | authority = Schmidel<ref name=PPGI/> | type_species = ''Thelypteris palustris'' | type_species_authority = Schott | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = See text. | synonyms = {{Genus list |Asterochlaena|C.Chr. }} | synonyms_ref = <ref name=CFLW/> }}
'''''Thelypteris''''' ('''maiden ferns'''<ref>{{PLANTS|id=THELY2|taxon=Thelypteris|accessdate=9 December 2015}}</ref>) is a genus of ferns in the subfamily Thelypteridoideae, family Thelypteridaceae, order Polypodiales.<ref name=PPGI/><ref name=Christenhusz-2011/> Two radically different circumscriptions of the genus are in use {{As of|2020|January|lc=yes}}. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), the genus is a very small one with about two species.<ref name=PPGI/><ref name=CFLW/> In other approaches, the genus is the only one in the subfamily Thelypteridoideae, and so includes between 875<ref name="fna">{{cite web | work = Flora of North America | title = Thelypteris | url = http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=132776 }}</ref> and 1083 species.<ref name="POWO_331118-2">{{cite web |title=''Thelypteris'' Schmidel |work=Plants of the World Online |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew|url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331118-2 |access-date=2020-01-11 }}</ref>
The genus name is from Greek ''thēlys'' "female" and ''pteris'' "fern". However, "female fern" usually refers to the common lady-fern.
== Taxonomy == At one time,{{specify|date=March 2017}} all thelypterioid ferns were included in the genus ''Dryopteris'' because of the sorus shape. However, there are a great many differences between the groups, and these plants are now segregated in their own family.
Some researchers include the entire family Thelypteridaceae in the genus ''Thelypteris''.{{citation needed|date=January 2020}} An intermediate position is to place the bulk in ''Thelypteris'' (corresponding to Thelypterioideae of PPG I), which can then be divided into subgenera and sections corresponding to the genera of other authors, but to separate out ''Phegopteris'' and ''Macrothelypteris''.<ref name="fna"/> Another choice is to divide the family into many genera, one of which is ''Thelypteris''.<ref name=CFLW/><ref name=Smith-2006/> This is the approach taken in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I).<ref name=PPGI/>
=== Species === Using the circumscription of the genus in PPG I,<ref name=PPGI/> {{As of|2023|May|lc=yes}}, the ''Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World'' accepted three species:<ref name=CFLW/> *''Thelypteris confluens'' <small>(Thunb.) C.V.Morton</small> *''Thelypteris krayanensis'' <small>K.Iwats. & M.Kato</small> *''Thelypteris palustris'' <small>(Salisb.) Schott</small>
Other sources place the entire subfamily Thelypteridoideae in the genus, and so accept many more species, including the following (synonyms from the ''Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World''):<ref name=CFLW/> * ''Thelypteris aculeata'' <small>A.R.Sm.</small> = ''Amauropelta aculeata'' * ''Thelypteris appressa'' <small>A.R.Sm.</small> = ''Amauropelta appressa'' * ''Thelypteris bonapartii'' <small>(Rosenst.) Alston</small> = ''Amauropelta bonapartii'' * ''Thelypteris campii'' <small>A.R.Sm.</small> = ''Amauropelta campii'' * ''Thelypteris chimboracensis'' <small>A.R.Sm.</small> = ''Amauropelta chimboracensis'' * ''Thelypteris conformis'' <small>(Sodiro) A.R.Sm.</small> = ''Amauropelta conformis'' * ''Thelypteris correllii'' <small>A.R.Sm.</small> = ''Amauropelta correllii'' * ''Thelypteris dodsonii'' <small>A.R.Sm.</small> = ''Amauropelta dodsonii'' * ''Thelypteris elegantula'' <small>(Sodiro) Alston</small> = ''Amauropelta elegantula'' * ''Thelypteris euthythrix'' <small>A.R.Sm.</small> = ''Amauropelta euthythrix'' * ''Thelypteris fluminalis'' <small>A.R.Sm.</small> = ''Amauropelta fluminalis'' * ''Thelypteris inabonensis'' <small>Proctor</small> = ''Amauropelta inabonensis'' * ''Thelypteris kunthii'' <small>(Desv.) Morton</small> = ''Christella normalis'' * ''Thelypteris macra'' <small>A.R.Sm.</small> = ''Amauropelta macra'' * ''Thelypteris nevadensis'' <small>(Baker) Clute ex Morton</small> = ''Parathelypteris nevadensis'' * ''Thelypteris noveboracensis'' <small>(L.) Nieuwl.</small> = ''Parathelypteris noveboracensis'' * ''Thelypteris ovata'' <small>R.P.St.John</small> = ''Pelazoneuron ovatum'' * ''Thelypteris pilosa'' <small>(M.Martens & Galeotti) Crawford</small> = ''Stegnogramma pilosa'' * ''Thelypteris puberula'' <small>(Baker) Morton</small> = ''Christella puberula'' * ''Thelypteris rosenstockii'' <small>(C.Chr.) R.M.Tryon</small> = ''Amauropelta rosenstockii'' * ''Thelypteris semilunata'' <small>(Sodiro) A.R.Sm.</small> = ''Amauropelta semilunata'' * ''Thelypteris simulata'' <small>(Davenport) Nieuwl.</small> = ''Coryphopteris simulata'' * ''Thelypteris subtilis'' <small>A.R.Sm.</small> = ''Amauropelta subtilis'' * ''Thelypteris verecunda'' <small>Proctor</small> = ''Goniopteris verecunda'' * ''Thelypteris yaucoensis'' <small>Proctor</small> = ''Goniopteris yaucoensis''
==References== {{Reflist|refs= <ref name=CFLW>{{Citation |mode=cs1 |last1=Hassler |first1=Michael |last2=Schmitt |first2=Bernd |date=May 2023 |contribution=Thelypteris |title=Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World |at=15.3 |url=https://www.worldplants.de/world-ferns/ferns-and-lycophytes-list |access-date=2023-05-15 |name-list-style=amp }}</ref>
<ref name=PPGI>{{citation |mode=cs1 |author=PPG I |year=2016 |title=A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns |journal=Journal of Systematics and Evolution |volume=54 |issue=6 |pages=563–603 |doi=10.1111/jse.12229|s2cid=39980610 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
<ref name=Smith-2006>{{cite journal |first1=Alan R. |last1=Smith |first2=Kathleen M. |last2=Pryer |first3=Eric |last3=Schuettpelz |first4=Petra |last4=Korall |first5=Harald |last5=Schneider |first6=Paul G. |last6=Wolf |date=August 2006 |title=A Classification for Extant Ferns |journal=Taxon |volume=55 |issue=3 |pages=705–31 |doi=10.2307/25065646 |jstor=25065646}}</ref>
<ref name=Christenhusz-2011>{{cite journal |first1=Maarten J. M. |last1=Christenhusz |first2=Xian-Chun |last2=Zhang |first3=Harald |last3=Schneider |year=2011 |title=A linear sequence of extant families and genera of lycophytes and ferns |journal=Phytotaxa|volume=19|pages=7–54 |doi=10.11646/phytotaxa.19.1.2 |url=https://www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/content/2011/f/pt00019p054.pdf}}</ref> }}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q2698270}} {{Authority control}}
Category:Thelypteridaceae Category:Fern genera Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot