The Limpid Stream

{{Short description|1935 ballet by Dmitri Shostakovich}} {{Italic title}} [[File:Дмитрий_Дмитриевич_Шостакович.jpg|thumb|Dmitri Shostakovich before 1941]] '''''The Limpid Stream''''' ({{langx|ru|Светлый ручей}}, also translated as '''''The Bright Stream'''''), Op. 39, is a ballet in 3 acts, 4 scenes, composed by Dmitri Shostakovich on the libretto by Adrian Piotrovsky and Fyodor Lopukhov, with choreography by Fyodor Lopukhov. It premiered in Leningrad's Mikhaylovsky Theatre in 1935.

==Plot== The plot centres around a group of ballet dancers who have been sent to provide sophisticated entertainment on a new Soviet collective farm{{r|Boosey}} during their harvest festival.{{r|Zijp}} The workers, along with two older residents of a nearby dacha, welcome the city dancers, with special welcome given to the troupe's ballerina who was the former dance teacher of Zina. Zina introduces the ballerina to her husband, Pyotr, and Pyotr immediately begins to flirt with the ballerina. Hurt, Zina removes herself from the celebrations and is comforted by the ballerina. The ballerina suggests a plan in which she will dress as her dance partner, her dance partner will dress as a female dancer, and Zina will dress as the ballerina. They will fool Pyotr and the two dacha dwellers{{r|Zijp}} and Pyotr will realize his mistake.{{r|Macaulay}} The woes of two other couples with overly-assured men are also resolved through the plan. After this all has been accomplished, there is a grand celebration which, in the Ratmansky production, includes the grim reaper who, after a scare, is banished.{{r|Macaulay}}

==Score and instrumentation== The score includes references to Tchaikovsky and other ballet composers.{{r|Boosey}}

Woodwinds: piccolo, 2 flutes (flute II = piccolo II), 2 oboes, cor anglais, E♭ clarinet, 2 B♭ clarinets, bass clarinet (= clarinet III), 2 bassoons, contra-bassoon (= bassoon III)

Brass: 6 French horns, 3 trumpets, 3 trombones, tuba, Brass Band (1 E♭ Cornet, 2 B♭ Cornets, 2 B♭ Trumpets, 2 E♭ Altos, 2 B♭ Tenors, 2 B♭ Baritones, 2 B♭ Basses)

Percussion: timpani, triangle, tambourine, snare drums, cymbals, glockenspiel, xylophone, bass drum, gong, wood blocks

Strings: violins, violas, cellos, double basses, harp

2/1+1.2+1.3/1+Eflat.3/1 - 6.3.3.1 - timp.perc:tgl/SD/cyms/glsp-harp-strings

===Suite=== In 1945, Shostakovich approved Konstantin Titarenko to make a suite from the ballet. It was designated Op. 39a and comprises five movements:

{{Ordered list|type=upper-roman |Waltz |Russian Popular Dance |Galop |Adagio |Pizzicato: Allegretto }}

==Reception== The other two ballet scores written by Shostakovich are ''The Golden Age'', from 1930, and ''The Bolt'', from 1931. "All three were banned shortly after their premieres, leaving Shostakovich's reputation so damaged that he was reluctant ever to write for the lyric stage again."{{r|Mackrell}} ''The Bright Stream'''s deliberately simple melodies, harmonies, rhythms, and colors had the work playing successfully in both Leningrad and Moscow from June 1935 through February 1936. An editorial entitled "Balletic Falsity" in ''Pravda'' in early February 1936 condemned the ballet, which was subsequently withdrawn.{{r|Homans}} Due to this, one of the librettists, Piotrovsky was arrested in November the following year and executed in a gulag.{{r|Levene}} Lopukhov, as choreographer and co-librettist, likely escaped from a similar fate due to his connections through his sister Lydia Lopokova.{{r|Mackrell}}

==Productions== Alexei Ratmansky, currently an artist in residence at New York City Ballet and the former director of the Bolshoi Ballet, first came across the full score of the ballet in a recording made by Gennady Rozhdestvensky in Stockholm in 1995. Unable to restore the original choreography of the ballet, which was never notated, Ratmansky wrote his own choreography and staged the new two act version of ''The Limpid Stream'' with the Bolshoi Ballet in Moscow in 2003.

In July 2005 the Bolshoi performed ''The Bright Stream'' at the Met, and in August 2006, at the Royal Opera House, London. The Bolshoi performed it in Moscow during late October 2017, as well as in London during August 2019.

In January 2011, American Ballet Theatre performed ''The Bright Stream'' in Ratmansky's choreography, at the Kennedy Center, Washington, D.C.

== References == {{Reflist|refs= <ref name=Boosey>{{cite press release | title = The Limpid Stream op. 39 (1934-35) | publisher = Boosey and Hawkes | year = | url = https://www.boosey.com/pages/teaching/catalogue/cat_detail?site-lang=de&musicid=4768&langid=1 | accessdate = 3 May 2020 }}</ref> <ref name=Zijp> {{cite news | last = Zijp | first = Isabella | title = The Bolshoi's Bright Stream is a ballet unlike any other | newspaper = bachtrack | date = 15 May 2017 | url = https://bachtrack.com/review-bright-stream-ratmansky-bolshoi-ballet-new-stage-moscow-may-2017 | accessdate = 3 May 2020 }}</ref> <ref name=Macaulay> {{cite news | last = Macaulay | first = Alastair | author-link = Alastair Macaulay | title = Peasants Having Fun Down on the Old Soviet Farm | newspaper = New York Times | date = 12 June 2011 | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2011/06/13/arts/dance/american-ballet-theaters-bright-stream-at-met-review.html | accessdate = 3 May 2020 }}</ref> <ref name=Mackrell> {{cite news | last = Mackrell | first = Judith | title = Dance of death | newspaper = The Guardian | date = 19 July 2006 | url = https://www.theguardian.com/music/2006/jul/19/classicalmusicandopera.dance | accessdate = 3 May 2020 }}</ref> <ref name=Homans>{{cite news| first = Jennifer| last = Homans| author-link =Jennifer Homans| title = Back in the USSR| url = http://www.tnr.com/article/books-and-arts/magazine/95482/alexei-ratmansky-the-bright-stream | work = The New Republic| date = 2011-10-20}}</ref> <ref name=Levene> {{cite news | last = Levene | first = Louise | title = The Bolshoi’s Bright Stream is a reminder of how funny ballet can be | newspaper = Financial Times | date = 8 August 2019 | url = https://www.ft.com/content/fb5aad1c-b8ff-11e9-8a88-aa6628ac896c | accessdate = 4 May 2020 }}</ref> }}

== External links == * [https://www.theguardian.com/music/2006/jul/19/classicalmusicandopera.dance "Dance of Death" by Judith Mackrell], an article in [https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian ''The Guardian''] * [http://www.exploredance.com/bolshoi072505.php The Bolshoi Theatre of Russia: The Bright Stream at the Met] * [http://www.kennedy-center.org/calendar/index.cfm?fuseaction=showEvent&event=BLBSE The Kennedy Center Performances: American Ballet Theatre]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Limpid Stream, The}} Category:Ballets by Dmitri Shostakovich Category:Ballets by Alexei Ratmansky Category:Suites by Dmitri Shostakovich Category:Ballets by Fedor Lopukhov Category:1935 ballets Category:1935 compositions