{{Short description|Early-Edo period Japanese literature}} {{italic title}} '''''Inu makura''''' or {{nihongo|'''''The Dog Pillow'''''|犬枕}} is an early-[[Edo period]] [[Japanese literature|Japanese]] literary [[parody]] of ''[[The Pillow Book]]'' of [[Sei Shōnagon]]. The title has also been translated as '''''The Mongrel Pillow'''''.<ref name="Keene"/>
==''The Pillow Book''== [[Sei Shōnagon]]'s observations of the [[Heian period|Heian]] court at the end of the tenth-century in {{nihongo|''[[The Pillow Book]]''|枕草子|''Makura no sōshi''}} include passages that resemble a [[poetic diary]], others in an [[Zuihitsu|essay-like style]], as well as a number of poetic catalogues or {{nihongo|"detailing of things"|ものはつくし}}.<ref name="Inu"/><ref>{{cite journal |title=Sei Shōnagon's Poetic Catalogues |author=Morris, Mark |journal=[[Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies]] |publisher=[[Harvard–Yenching Institute]] |year=1980 |volume=40 | issue = 1 |pages=5–54 |doi=10.2307/2718916|jstor=2718916 }}</ref> For instance, under the heading Elegant Things: 'a white coat worn over a violet [[Japanese clothing|waistcoat]], duck eggs, shaved ice mixed with [[liana]] syrup placed in a new silver bowl, rock-crystal [[Buddhist prayer beads|prayer beads]], [[wisteria]] blossoms, [[Prunus mume|plum blossoms]] covered with snow, a beautiful child eating strawberries'.<ref name="Shirane">{{cite book |title=Early Modern Japanese Literature: An Anthology (1600-1900) |url=https://archive.org/details/earlymodernjapan00shir |url-access=limited |author=Shirane, Haruo |publisher=[[Columbia University Press]] |year=2002 |isbn=0-231-10991-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/earlymodernjapan00shir/page/n47 21]–4}}</ref>
''Inu makura'' similarly comprises a number of such listings under a series of headings, although without the [[narrative]] accompaniment. Combined with the work's brevity, the effect is sustained through 'the possibilities of terseness, juxtaposition, and surprise', by repeating the same situation under a different heading, or by the subtle alteration of a situation.<ref name="Inu">{{cite journal |title=Inu Makura: The Dog Pillow |author=Putzar, Edward |journal=[[Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies]] |publisher=[[Harvard–Yenching Institute]] |year=1968 |pages=98–101 |volume=28 |doi=10.2307/2718596|jstor=2718596 }}</ref> There are in total ninety sections, seventeen of them in the form of kyōka or 'comic [[Waka (poetry)|waka]]'.<ref name="Keene">{{cite book |title=World Within Walls: Japanese Literature of the Pre-Modern Era, 1600-1867 |author=Keene, Donald |author-link=Donald Keene |publisher=[[Columbia University Press]] |year=1999 |isbn=0-231-11467-2 |pages=153f}}</ref> The work, without [[Colophon (publishing)|colophon]] or title page, and dated variously between 1596 and 1607, is attributed to Hata Sōha (1550–1607), annotator of [[Tsurezuregusa|Essays in Idleness]], physician to [[Toyotomi Hidetsugu]], [[Taikomochi#History|storyteller (otogishu)]] to [[Toyotomi Hideyoshi]], and later in the employ of [[Tokugawa Ieyasu]].<ref name="Keene"/><ref name=Inu/><ref>{{cite journal |title=Constructing the Classic: Tsurezuregusa in Tokugawa Readings |author=Chance, Linda H. |journal=[[Journal of the American Oriental Society]] |publisher=[[American Oriental Society]] |year=1997 |volume=117 | issue = 1 |pages=39–56 |doi=10.2307/605621|jstor=605621 }}</ref> An early exemplar of [[kanazōshi]] or 'booklets in the vernacular', it was printed with [[Movable type#Wooden movable type|wooden movable type]].<ref name="Inu"/><ref name="Shirane"/>
Illustrative of the work are such sections as Things One Wishes to See: 'the moon, well-performed [[Noh]], the furnishings of a [[Chashitsu|tea house]], the real thoughts of one's lover'; Interesting Things: '[[Tsurezuregusa]], arranging coals for the [[tea ceremony]], a [[Hanami|flower-viewing]] walk with a boy favourite'; and Things that Stand One's Hair on End: 'putting on [[Japanese armour|armour]] in winter without underclothes'.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Inu Makura: The Dog Pillow |author=Putzar, Edward |journal=[[Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies]] |publisher=[[Harvard–Yenching Institute]] |year=1968 |pages=102–4 |volume=28 |doi=10.2307/2718596|jstor=2718596 }}</ref>
==Parodies== Such [[parodies]] were amongst the earliest [[genres]] of [[kanazōshi]], updating and transforming [[Heian period|Heian]] and later court works into "comic versions of contemporary popular culture".<ref name="Shirane"/> In the 1530s, {{nihongo|Dog Tsukubashū|犬筑波集}}, attributed to [[Yamazaki Sōkan]] and a response to the first collections of [[Renga|linked verse]], had been infused with the [[haikai]] spirit, "outlandish [[metaphor]]", and "irreverent or ribald humour".<ref>{{cite book |title=Traditional Japanese Poetry: An Anthology |author=Carter, Steven |publisher=[[Stanford University Press]] |year=1993 |isbn=0-8047-2212-9 |pages=332, 338}}</ref> Following on from ''Inu makura'', other parodies emerged: the {{nihongo|Fake [[Tales of Ise]]|偽物語|[[Nise Monogatari]]}} of 1640; {{nihongo|Dog [[Tsurezuregusa]]|犬徒然草}} of 1653; and {{nihongo|Dog [[Hyakunin Isshū]]|犬百人一首}} of 1669.<ref name="Shirane"/><ref>{{cite journal |title=A Japanese Burlesque: Nise Monogatari |author=Rucinski, Jack |journal=[[Monumenta Nipponica]] |publisher=[[Sophia University]] |year=1975 |volume=30 | issue = 1 |pages=1–18 |doi=10.2307/2383693|jstor=2383693 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Visual genesis of Japanese national identity: Hokusai's Hyakunin isshu |author=Machotka, Ewa |year=2009 |publisher=[[Peter Lang (publishing company)|Peter Lang]] |isbn=978-90-5201-482-1 |page=55}}</ref>
==See also== * [[Japanese literature]] * [[Japanese poetry]] * [[The Lady who Loved Insects]] * [[List of National Treasures of Japan (writings: Japanese books)]]
==References== {{Reflist}}
==Further reading== {{cite journal |title=Inu Makura: The Dog Pillow |author=Putzar, Edward |journal=[[Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies]] |publisher=[[Harvard–Yenching Institute]] |year=1968 |pages=98–113 |volume=28 |doi=10.2307/2718596|jstor=2718596 }}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Dog Pillow, the}} [[Category:Edo-period works]] [[Category:Literary parodies]] [[Category:Dogs in culture]]