{{Short description|Genus of moths}} {{Automatic taxobox | image = Thaumetopea.pityocampa.01.jpg | image_caption = A ''Thaumetopoea'' species, pine processionary caterpillars | taxon = Thaumetopoea | authority = Hübner, 1820 | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = | synonyms = *''Cnethocampa'' <small>Stephens, 1828</small> *''Traumatocampa'' <small>Wallengren, 1871</small> *''Helianthocampa'' <small>de Freina & Witt, 1985</small> | type_species=''Phalaena processionea''<ref>{{cite book |last1=Kirby |first1=W. F. |title=Sphinges and Bombyces |date=1892 |publisher=Gurney & Jackson |location=London |page=591 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9693652 |series=A synonymic catalogue of Lepidoptera Heterocera (Moths) |volume=1}}</ref> | type_species_authority=Linnaeus, 1758 }}
'''''Thaumetopoea''''' is a genus of moths belonging to the family Notodontidae. It was first described by Jacob Hübner in 1820.
In their caterpillar form, they bear the vernacular name of '''processionary''' because their gregarious larvae conspicuously move in single file. The adults live a few days without feeding.
Some ''Thaumetopoea'' species, for example ''Thaumetopoea pityocampa'', are expanding their range towards higher latitudes and altitudes due to the current climate warming.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Gschloessl |first1=Bernhard |last2=Vogel |first2=Heiko |last3=Burban |first3=Christian |last4=Heckel |first4=David |last5=Streiff |first5=Réjane |last6=Kerdelhué |first6=Carole |title=Comparative analysis of two phenologically divergent populations of the pine processionary moth (''Thaumetopoea pityocampa'') by ''de novo'' transcriptome sequencing |journal=Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology |volume=46 |pages=31–42 |doi=10.1016/j.ibmb.2014.01.005 |pmid=24468684 |year=2014}}</ref> The caterpillars carry urticating hairs which cause health problems in humans.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Battisti |first1=Andrea |last2=Larsson |first2=Stig |last3=Roques |first3=Alain |date=31 January 2017 |title=Processionary Moths and Associated Urtication Risk: Global Change–Driven Effects |journal=Annual Review of Entomology |volume=62 |issue=1 |pages=323–342 |doi=10.1146/annurev-ento-031616-034918 |pmid=27860523 |issn=0066-4170|hdl=11577/3252442 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>
== Systematics == The etymology of the name of the genus is from the Greek words {{dubious span|text={{wikt-lang|grc|θαυματόεις}} ({{grc-transl|θαυματόεις}}), "marvellous",|date=February 2022}} and {{wikt-lang|grc|ποιεῖν}} ({{grc-transl|ποιεῖν}}), "to create", thus meaning "creating wonder", i.e. "looking remarkable".<ref>{{cite book |title=Abrégé du dictionnaire grec français |last=Bailly |first=Anatole |date=1981 |publisher=Hachette |isbn=2010035283 |oclc=461974285 |location=Paris}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Greek-French dictionary online |last=Bailly |first=Anatole |website=www.tabularium.be |url=http://www.tabularium.be/bailly/ |access-date=30 October 2017 |archive-date=18 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220318000653/http://www.tabularium.be/bailly/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> This explains why the name is sometimes spelled ''Thaumatopoea'', i.e. in the Latinized form of {{lang|grc|θαυματοποιία}} ''thaumatopoiia'' "marvellous achievement" (cf. {{lang|grc|θαῦμα}} ''thauma'' "marvel, wonder").<ref>{{LSJ|qaumatopoii/a|θαυματοποιία}}, {{LSJ|qau{{=}}ma|θαῦμα|ref}}.</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dtu6BQAAQBAJ |title=The Braconid and Ichneumonid Parasitoid Wasps: Biology, Systematics, Evolution and Ecology |last=Quicke |first=Donald L. J. |date=22 December 2014 |page=515|publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=9781118907054}}</ref>
The genus ''Thaumetopoea'' contains the following species: * ''Thaumetopoea bonjeani'' <small>(Powell, 1922)</small> - cedar processionary * ''Thaumetopoea herculeana'' <small>Rambur, 1840</small> * ''Thaumetopoea pinivora'' <small>(Treitschke, 1834)</small> or ''Traumatocampa pinivora'' <small>(Treitschke 1834)</small> - eastern pine processionary * ''Thaumetopoea pityocampa'' <small>(Denis and Schiffermüller, 1775)</small> or ''Traumatocampa pityocampa'' <small>(Denis & Schiffermüller 1775)</small> - pine processionary * ''Thaumetopoea processionea'' <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small> - oak processionary * ''Thaumetopoea solitaria'' <small>(Freyer, 1838)</small> - pistachio processionary or solitary * ''Thaumetopoea wilkinsoni'' <small>Tams, 1924</small> or ''Traumatocampa wilkinsoni'' <small>(Tams 1926)</small> * ''Thaumetopoea hellenica'' * ''Thaumetopoea mediterranea''
[[File:Pine Processionary (Thaumetopoea pityocampa) (4990106967).jpg|thumb|right|''Thaumetopoea pityocampa'', imago]]
== References == {{Reflist}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q3519653}} {{Authority control}}
Category:Thaumetopoeinae Category:Taxa named by Jacob Hübner