{{Infobox automobile | name = Tatra 87 | manufacturer = Tatra | assembly = Kopřivnice, Moravia, Czechoslovakia | production = {{ubl|1936–1950|3,056 produced<ref name="conceptcarz.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.conceptcarz.com/vehicle/z9132/Tatra_T87.aspx|title=1948 Tatra 87|accessdate=2008-03-12|work=conceptcarz.com}}</ref>}} | predecessor = Tatra 77a | successor = Tatra 603 | image = Tatra 87 front (Foto Hilarmont).JPG | class = Luxury car, 5-seater Sedan | platform = | transmission = 4-speed manual<ref name="conceptcarz.com"/> (3 and 4 synchronized) | layout = RR layout | body_style = limousine (finned fastback) | engine = 2969 cc (3.0L) ''Tatra 87'' V8<ref name="Lane Motor Museum">{{Cite web|url=http://www.lanemotormuseum.org/collection/cars/item/tatra-t-87-saloon-1947|title=1947 TATRA 87 SALOON |work=Lane Motor Museum}}</ref> | wheelbase = {{convert|2850|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}<ref name="Tatra portal">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tatraportal.sk/?ukaz=popisky/t87_sk&lang=sk|title=Tatra 87|accessdate=November 3, 2010|work=tatraportal.sk}}</ref> | length = {{convert|4740|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}<ref name="aerotatra">{{Cite web|url=http://aerotatra.czweb.org/t87.htm|title=Tatra 87|accessdate=November 3, 2010|work=aerotatra.czweb.org}}</ref> | width = {{convert|1670|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}<ref name="aerotatra" /> | height = {{convert|1500|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}<ref name="aerotatra" /> | weight = {{convert|1370|kg|lb|abbr=on}}<ref name="Tatra portal" /> | designer = {{ubl|Hans Ledwinka|Erich Übelacker}} }}
The '''Tatra 87''' (T87) is a car built by Czechoslovak manufacturer Tatra from 1936 to 1950. It was powered by a rear-mounted, 2.9-litre, air-cooled, 90°, overhead cam V8 engine that produced 85 horsepower and could drive the car at nearly {{convert|100|mph|km/h|-1|abbr=on}}. It is ranked among the fastest production cars of its time.{{cn|date=August 2025}} Competing cars in this class, however, used engines with almost twice the displacement, and with fuel consumption of 20 litres per 100 km (11.8 mpg).{{cn|date=August 2025}} Thanks to its aerodynamic shape, the Tatra 87 had a consumption of just 12.5 litres per 100 km (18.8 mpg). After the war, between 1950 and 1953, T87s were fitted with more modern 2.5-litre V8 T603 engines.<ref>Karel Rosenkranz, ''100 Years of Tatra Passenger Cars'', Motormedia 1998</ref>
The 87 was used by Hanzelka and Zikmund for their travel through Africa and Latin America from 1947 to 1950.<ref name=RadioPraha>{{citation|last=Horáková|first=Pavla|title=Zikmund and Hanzelka's legendary Tatra 87 car added to cultural heritage list|work=Radio Praha|date=29 December 2005|url=http://www.radio.cz/en/section/curraffrs/zikmund-and-hanzelkas-legendary-tatra-87-car-added-to-cultural-heritage-list#0|accessdate=3 June 2016}}</ref>
==Design== The Tatra 87 has unique bodywork. Its streamlined shape was designed by Hans Ledwinka and Erich Übelacker and was based on the Tatra 77, the first car designed with aerodynamics in mind.<ref name="conceptcarz.com"/> The body design was based on proposals submitted by Paul Jaray of Hungarian descent, who designed the famous German Graf Zeppelin dirigibles. A fin in the sloping rear of the Tatra helps to divide the air pressure on both sides of the car, a technique used later in aircraft. Tatra 87 had a drag coefficient of 0.36 as tested in the VW tunnel in 1979, as well as a reading of 0.244 for a 1:5 model tested in 1941.<ref>Ralf J. F. Kieselbach, ''Stromlinienautos in Europa und USA'', Kohlhammer Verlag, Stuttgart 1982, page 19</ref>
thumb|left|Art deco-styled dashboard in a 1947 T87 Small sets of windows in the dividers between the passenger, luggage space, and engine compartments, plus louvres providing air for the air-cooled engine, allowed limited rear visibility. Its entire rear segment could be opened to service the engine. The front doors are rear-hinged coach doors, sometimes termed "suicide doors", while the rear doors are front-hinged.
thumb|right|A 1940 Tatra 87 Saloon, showing the identifiable rear "sharks fin" and lack of rear windows Many design elements of the Tatra 87, V570, and the later T97, were copied by later car manufacturers. Ferdinand Porsche was heavily influenced by the Tatra 87 and T97 and the flat-four-cylinder engine in his design of the Volkswagen Beetle, and was subsequently sued by Tatra.
The price new (in the 1940s) was 25,000 SFr.<ref name="Lane Motor Museum" /> Its value today is around $125,000.<ref name="NY Times">{{cite news|work=New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/07/25/automobiles/collectibles/25contest.html?pagewanted=2&_r=1|title=Collectible Car of the Year: Votes Are In, and the Fin Has Won |author=Tori Tellem |date=2010-07-23|accessdate=2011-08-22}}</ref> A 1941 Tatra 87, owned and restored by Paul Greenstein and Dydia DeLyser of Los Angeles California, won a ''New York Times'' reader's poll of collectors' cars in 2010, beating strong competition from 651 cars.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/slideshow/2010/07/25/automobiles/collectibles/20100725-contest.html | work=The New York Times | title=1941 Tatra T 87 | date=2010-07-25}}</ref> thumb|The entire rear segment of the Tatra 87 formed an engine cowling.
==Notable owners== <div style="float: right; margin: 0 0 0.5em 1em; width: 21.5em; text-align: right; font-size: 0.86em; font-family: lucida grande, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"> <div style="border: 1px solid #999999; background: #ffffff; text-align: left; padding: 1em 1em; text-align: left;">200px|center<br>'''Streamlined Tatras''' *'''Tatra V570''' <small>''1931, 1933''</small> *'''Tatra 77''' <small>''1933–1938''</small> *'''Tatra 87''' <small>''1936–1950''</small> *'''Tatra 97''' <small>''1936–1939''</small> *'''Tatra 600 Tatraplan''' <small>''1946–1952''</small> *'''Tatra 603''' <small>''1956–1975''</small> </div></div> * Hans Ledwinka – the Tatra designer (he received one as a gift from Felix Wankel after retiring. This car is now on display in the Deutsches Museum in Munich.) * Eliška Junková – one of the greatest female drivers in Grand Prix motor racing history * Ernst Heinkel – German Nazi aircraft designer, whose company produced the world's first turbojet aircraft and jet plane, as well as the first rocket aircraft * Felix Wankel – German engineer, inventor of the Wankel engine * Emil František Burian – Czech poet, journalist, singer, actor, musician, composer, dramatic adviser, playwright, and director * Vítězslav Nezval – one of the most prolific avant-garde Czech writers in the first half of the twentieth century and a co-founder of the Surrealist movement in Czechoslovakia * Erwin Rommel – German General and Field Marshal of World War II (used also Tatra's Czech competitor, Škoda Superb, in the field) * Andrey Yeryomenko – Soviet General and Field Marshal of World War II (received the first T87 manufactured after WW2 as a present, this car is now on display in the Tatra museum) * John Steinbeck – American writer * Farouk I of Egypt – the tenth ruler from the Muhammad Ali Dynasty and the penultimate King of Egypt and Sudan * Josef Beran – Czech Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church and Archbishop of Prague * Edvard Beneš – a leader of the Czechoslovak independence movement, Minister of Foreign Affairs, and the second President of Czechoslovakia * Antonín Zápotocký, Klement Gottwald – communist leaders, presidents of Czechoslovakia after the 1948 coup d'état * Jay Leno – an American stand-up comedian and television host * Norman Foster – a British architect<br><ref name="aerotatra" /> The Tatra 87 was praised by German officers in World War II for the superior speed and handling it offered for use on the Autobahn. The Nazi armaments and munitions minister Fritz Todt declared: "This 87 is the Autobahn car ..."{{citation needed|date=July 2016}} It was known, however, as the "Czech secret weapon" because it killed so many Nazi officers during World War II that the German Army eventually forbade its officers from driving the Tatra.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://auto.idnes.cz/tatra-77-a-aerodynamicke-tatrovky-d4p-/auto_ojetiny.aspx?c=A140227_214830_auto_ojetiny_fdv|title=Slavné české auto slaví osmdesátiny. Průkopnice aerodynamiky Tatra 77|date=2014-03-31|website=iDNES.cz|access-date=2017-09-06}}</ref> However, this alleged story has never been proven and is considered apocryphal; the order forbidding the T87 use was imposed only after several nonfatal accidents.<ref>Ivan Margolius & John G. Henry, ''Tatra - The Legacy of Hans Ledwinka'', Veloce Publishing, Dorchester 2015, page 133</ref>
== References == {{reflist}}
==Further reading== {{refbegin}} * {{cite book |last1=Margolius |first1=Ivan |last2=Henry |first2=John G. |title=Tatra: The Legacy of Hans Ledwinka |date=2015 |publisher=Veloce Publishing |location=Dorchester, Dorset |isbn=9781845847999 |url={{GBurl|V4Df0AEACAAJ}}}} {{refend}}
== External links == {{commons category|Tatra 87}} *[https://books.google.com/books?id=zycDAAAAMBAJ&dq=tatra&pg=PA156 Tatra 87 in 1947 Popular Science Magazine] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20071006111207/http://tatraklub.tatraportal.sk/t87.htm Tatra Auto Klub Slovakia] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20130808220938/http://www.jaylenosgarage.com/at-the-garage/antiques/tatra-t87/ Jay Leno's T87] *[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FDuwfV_4N6g A Bohemian art deco jewel, the 1938 Tatra T87] (Petersen Museum) {{Tatra models}}
87 Category:Cars powered by rear-mounted 8-cylinder engines Category:1940s cars Category:1950s cars Category:Cars introduced in 1936 Category:Cars discontinued in 1950