Scomberoides commersonnianus

{{Short description|Species of fish}} {{Speciesbox | name = Talang queenfish | image = Scomberoides commersonnianus.jpg | image_caption = Scomberoides commersonnianus | status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = <ref name = iucn>{{cite iucn | author1 = Smith-Vaniz, W.F. | author2 = Williams, I.| name-list-style = amp | year = 2016 | title = ''Scomberoides commersonnianus'' |errata=2017 | volume = 2016 | article-number = e.T20434679A115380988 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T20434679A46664114.en }}</ref> | taxon = Scomberoides commersonnianus | authority = Lacépède, 1801<ref name = CofF>{{Cof record|spid=19836|title=''Scomberoides commersonnianus''|access-date=20 November 2019}}</ref> | synonyms = *''Chorinemus commersonnianus'' (Lacépède, 1801) *''Scomber madagascariensis'' Shaw, 1803 *''Chorinemus exoletus'' Cuvier, 1832 *''Chorinemus delicatulus'' Richardson, 1846 *''Chorinemus leucopthalmus'' Richardson, 1846 | synonyms_ref = <ref name = Fishbase>{{FishBase|Scomberoides|commersonnianus|month=August|year=2019}}</ref> }} thumb|Talang queenfish thumb|Talang queenfish '''''Scomberoides commersonnianus''''', the '''Talang queenfish''', also known as '''giant dart''', '''giant leatherskin''', '''giant queenfish''', '''largemouth queenfish''', '''leatherjacket, leatherskin''', and '''Talang leatherskin''', is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Carangidae from the western Indo-Pacific. It is a large species which is important in commercial and recreational fisheries.

== Description == ''Scomberoides commersonnianus'' has a single row of 5-6 large dark silvery spots or blotches running along the flanks over the lateral line. It does not have a dark tip on the dorsal fin lobe.<ref name = FofA>{{cite web | author = Bray, D.J. | year = 2018 | title = ''Scomberoides commersonnianus'' | work = Fishes of Australia | access-date = 20 November 2019 | url = http://fishesofaustralia.net.au/home/species/1660 | publisher = Museums Victoria}}</ref> The snout is rather blunt and the large mouth has several rows of very sharp teeth. The anal fin and the dorsal fin are truncated with the posterior part of each fin reduced to spines.<ref name = seaunseen>{{cite web | url = https://seaunseen.com/talang-queenfish/ | title = Talang queenfish | access-date = 20 November 2019 | website = Seaunseen| date = 2014-08-11 }}</ref> The caudal fin is strongly forked. The head and back is bluish grey while the ventral side of the body is silvery.<ref name = Qatar>{{cite web | url = https://www.enature.qa/specie/talang-queenfish/ | title = Talang queenfish | access-date = 20 November 2019 | website =Qatar-e-Nature}}</ref> It grows to a maximum Total Length of {{convert|120|cm|in}} but is more commonly {{convert|90|cm|in}} and the maximum published weight is {{convert|16|kg|lbs}}.<ref name = Fishbase/>

==Distribution== ''Scomberoides commersonnianus'' has a wide distribution in the Indian Ocean and western Pacific Ocean occurring from South Africa and the Red Sea and Persian Gulf in the west, east through Indonesia and Papua New Guinea as far as New Caledonia, north to southern Japan and south to Western Australia and New South Wales.<ref name = iucn/> thumb|''Scomberoides commersonnianus'' from Mangaluru, Karnataka, India ==Habitat and biology== The adults of ''Scomberoides commersonianus'' are found in coastal waters, and frequently occur in the vicinity of reefs and offshore islands.<ref name = Fishbase/> They occasionally enter into estuarine waters. It is normally found in small schools.<ref name = iucn/> The adults are predatory, feeding on fishes, cephalopods, small invertebrates and other pelagic prey.<ref name = Fishbase/> The juveniles use their rasping teeth to feed on the scales and epidermis of other fishes.<ref name = iucn/>

They grow rapidly during earlier life, but slow down. They reach 25 cm in their first year, and 50 by their third year.{{Citation needed|date=February 2021}} The females attain sexual maturity when they reach a fork length of {{convert|63|cm|in}} at around 4–5 years old. In Australia spawning occurs from August to March.<ref name = FofA/> In the Persian Gulf spawning occurs between March and June.<ref name = iucn/> The fecundity of females when mature was estimated at 259,488–2,859,935 eggs in each spawning.<ref name = FofA/>

== Relationship to humans == The Talang queenfish is an important commercial<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Jahangir, Shahnaz |first1=Panhwar, Sher Khan; Qamar, Nazia |title=FISHERY AND STOCK ESTIMATES OF TALANG QUEENFISH, Scomberoides commersonnianus (FAM: CARANGIDAE) FROM THE ARABIAN SEA COAST OF PAKISTAN. |journal=Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences |date=2014 |volume=51 |issue=4 |url=https://web.b.ebscohost.com/abstract?direct=true&profile=ehost&scope=site&authtype=crawler&jrnl=05529034&AN=108769157&h=sOCmCEz2%2bithxlvYa5IrX564PJzTVclkf8pLMyh%2fh6otjZbAjd%2fXF%2bN2XYOOFeiuDTqaQk3TXndC2fXSk9CFQw%3d%3d&crl=c&resultNs=AdminWebAuth&resultLocal=ErrCrlNotAuth&crlhashurl=login.aspx%3fdirect%3dtrue%26profile%3dehost%26scope%3dsite%26authtype%3dcrawler%26jrnl%3d05529034%26AN%3d108769157 |access-date=20 June 2019}}</ref> and recreational species throughout much of its range.<ref>{{cite web |last1=W |first1=J |title=Talang QUEENFISH |url=https://sportfishin.asia/resources/fish-species-identification/saltwater-fish/talang-queenfish/ |website=sportfishin.asia |publisher=Back to Top Sport Fishing Asia |access-date=20 June 2019|date=2011-01-18 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Currier |first1=Jeff |title=Queenfish on the Fly – A Very Happy Easter |url=https://www.jeffcurrier.com/tag/fly-fishing-for-talang-queenfish/ |website=jeffcurrier.com |publisher=Jeff Currier |access-date=20 June 2019}}</ref>

The IGFA maintains full line and tippet class records for the Talang queenfish. The all tackle world record stands at {{convert|17.89|kg|lboz|abbr=on}} caught off of Umkomaas, South Africa in 2010.<ref>{{cite web |title=Queenfish, talang |url=https://igfa.org/igfa-world-records-search/?search_type=CommonName&search_term_1=Queenfish,%20talang |website=igfa.org |publisher=IGFA |access-date=14 June 2019}}</ref>

==Taxonomy== ''Scomberoides commersonnianus'' was formally described by the French zoologist Bernard Germain de Lacépède with the type locality given as Fort Dauphin in the Toliara Province of Madagascar.<ref name = CofF>{{Cof record|spid=19836|title=''Scomberoides commersonnianus''|access-date=20 November 2019}}</ref> The specific name uses the Latin suffix ''ianus'' meaning "belonging to" and adds this to the surname of the French naturalist Philibert Commerçon, this also being spelled as Commerson, (1727-1773), whose notes and illustration were used by Lacépède as the base for his description of the species.<ref name = ETYFish>{{cite web | url = http://www.etyfish.org/carangiformes/ | work = The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database | author1 = Christopher Scharpf | author2 = Kenneth J. Lazara | date = 10 August 2019 | title= Order CARANGIFORMES (Jacks) | access-date = 20 November 2019 | publisher = Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara}}</ref>

== References == {{Reflist}}

== External links == * [https://igfa.org/igfa-world-records-search/?search_type=CommonName&search_term_1=Queenfish,%20talang IGFA records page]

commersonnianus Category:Taxa named by Bernard Germain de Lacépède Category:Fish described in 1801