Taihoku Prefecture

{{Short description|Administrative division of Taiwan under Japanese rule}}{{Multiple issues|{{Expand Japanese|topic=hist|date=October 2025}}{{More citations needed|date=November 2025}} }} {{Infobox former subdivision | native_name = {{nobold|臺北州}} | conventional_long_name = Taihoku Prefecture | common_name = Taihoku | subdivision = Prefecture | nation = the Empire of Japan | status_text = Taihoku-shū | capital = Taihoku City | life_span = 1920–1952 | latd = | latm = | latNS = | longd = | longm = | longEW = | national_motto = | national_anthem = | image_map = 大島久滿次.jpg | image_map_caption = Taihoku Prefecture government building (now the Control Yuan building) | era = {{nowrap|Taiwan under Japanese rule}} | date_start = September | year_start = 1920 | event1 = Kīrun upgraded to city | date_event1 = 1924 | event2 = Gilan upgraded to city | date_event2 = 1940 | date_end = October 25 | year_end = 1945 | date_post = 28 April 1952 | event_post = Japanese claim relinquished | stat_year1 = 1941 | stat_area1 = 4594.24 | stat_pop1 = 1,140,530 | political_subdiv = 3 cities (市) 9 districts (郡) | today = Keelung, New Taipei, Taipei, Yilan County | demonym = }}

thumb|Taihoku Prefecture

'''Taihoku Prefecture''' (臺北州; ''Taihoku-shū'') was an administrative division of Taiwan created in 1920, during Japanese rule.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Government |first1=New Taipei City |title=History |url=https://foreigner.ntpc.gov.tw/home.jsp?id=e32fc9bbd6f35420 |website=New Taipei City Government |access-date=8 November 2025 |date=25 January 2017}}</ref> The prefecture consisted of modern-day Keelung, New Taipei City, Taipei and Yilan County. Its government office, which is now occupied by the Control Yuan of Taiwan, was in Taihoku City (modern-day Taipei).

== Population == Population statistics of permanent residents in Taihoku Prefecture in 1941: {|class=wikitable ! Classification!! Population |- | Mainland Japanese ||align=right | 153,928 |- | Taiwanese || align=right | 1,053,372 |- | Koreans || align=right | 1,051 |- | Others || align=right | 25,531 |- | '''Total'''|| align=right | '''1,233,882''' |}

== Administrative divisions ==

===Cities and districts=== There were 3 cities and 9 districts under Taihoku Prefecture.

{|class=wikitable ! colspan="4" |Cities (市 ''shi'')!! colspan="4" |Districts (郡 ''gun'') |- !Name!!Kanji!!Kana !Rōmaji!!Name!!Kanji!!Kana !Rōmaji |- |rowspan=5|Taihoku City||rowspan=5|台北市|| rowspan="5" |たいほくし | rowspan="5" |''Taihoku-shi''||Shichisei District||七星郡||しちせいぐん |''Shichisei-gun'' |- |Shinshō District||新莊郡||しんしょうぐん |''Shinshō-gun'' |- |Kaizan District||海山郡||かいざんぐん |''Kaizan-gun'' |- |Bunzan District||文山郡||ぶんさんぐん |''Bunzan-gun'' |- |Tansui District||淡水郡||たんすいぐん |''Tansui-gun'' |- |Kīrun City||基隆市||きいるんし |''Kīrun-shi''||Kīrun District||基隆郡||きいるんぐん |''Kīrun-gun'' |- |rowspan=3|Giran City||rowspan=3|宜蘭市||rowspan=3|ぎらんし | rowspan="3" |''Giran-shi''||Giran District||宜蘭郡||ぎらんぐん |''Giran-gun'' |- |Ratō District||羅東郡||らとうぐん |''Ratō-gun'' |- |Suō District||蘇澳郡||すおうぐん |''Suō-gun'' |}

All of the cities (市 ''shi'') name in Chinese characters is carried from Japanese to Chinese.

===Towns and villages=== {|class=wikitable !District!!Name!!Kanji!!Administrative divisions of Taiwan!!Note |- !rowspan=7|Shichisei 七星郡 |Shiodome town||汐止街||Xizhi District (汐止區), New Taipei City|| |- |Shirin town||士林街||Shilin District (士林區), Taipei|| |- |Hokutō town||北投街||Beitou District (北投區), Taipei||Upgraded from village in 1941. |- |rowspan=2|Naiko village |rowspan=2|內湖庄 || Nangang District (南港區), Taipei || |- || Neihu District (內湖區), Taipei || |-style="color:grey;" |rowspan=2|Matsuyama village |rowspan=2|松山庄 |Songshan District (松山區), Taipei |rowspan=2|Incorporated into Taihoku City in 1938. |- style="color:grey;" |Xinyi District (信義區), Taipei |- ! rowspan="6" |Shinshō 新莊郡 | rowspan="2" |Shinshō town | rowspan="2" |新莊街 |Taishan District (泰山區), New Taipei City | |- |Xinzhuang District (新莊區), New Taipei City | |- |rowspan=2|Roshū village |rowspan=2|鷺洲庄 |Luzhou District (蘆洲區), New Taipei City | |- |Sanchong District (三重區), New Taipei City | |- |Goko village||五股庄||Wugu District (五股區), New Taipei City|| |- |Rinkō village||林口庄||Linkou District (林口區), New Taipei City|| |- !rowspan=7|Kaizan 海山郡 |Itahashi town |板橋街 |Banqiao District (板橋區), New Taipei City | |- |rowspan=2|Ōka town |rowspan=2|鶯歌街 |Shulin District (樹林區), New Taipei City | |- |Yingge District (鶯歌區), New Taipei City |- |Sankyō town |三峽街 |Sanxia District (三峽區), New Taipei City | |- |rowspan=2|Chūwa village |rowspan=2|中和庄 |Yonghe District (永和區), New Taipei City | |- |Zhonghe District (中和區), New Taipei City | |- |Dojō village |土城庄 |Tucheng District (土城區), New Taipei City | |- ! rowspan="6" |Bunsan 文山郡 |Shinten town||新店街||Xindian District (新店區), New Taipei City |- | rowspan="2" |Shinkō village|| rowspan="2" |深坑庄||Shenkeng District (深坑區), New Taipei City | |- |Wenshan District (文山區), Taipei | |- |Sekitei village||石碇庄||Shiding District (石碇區), New Taipei City | |- |Heirin village||坪林庄||Pinglin District (坪林區), New Taipei City | |- |Aboriginal Area||蕃地||Wulai District (烏來區), New Taipei City | |- ! rowspan="4" |Tansui 淡水郡 |Tansui town||淡水街||Tamsui District (淡水區), New Taipei City | |- |Hachiri village||八里庄||Bali District (八里區), New Taipei City | |- |Sanshi village||三芝庄||Sanzhi District (三芝區), New Taipei City | |- |Sekimon village||石門庄||Shimen District (石門區), New Taipei City | |- ! rowspan="9" |Kiryū 基隆郡 |Zuihō town||瑞芳街||Ruifang District (瑞芳區), New Taipei City | |- |Banri village||萬里庄||Wanli District (萬里區), New Taipei City | |- |Kanayama village||金山庄||Jinshan District (金山區), New Taipei City | |- | rowspan="2" |Shichito village|| rowspan="2" |七堵庄||Nuannuan District (暖暖區), Keelung | |- |Qidu District (七堵區), Keelung | |- |Kōryō village||貢寮庄||Gongliao District (貢寮區), New Taipei City | |- |Sōkei village||雙溪庄||Shuangxi District (雙溪區), New Taipei City | |- |Heikei village||平溪庄||Pingxi District (平溪區), New Taipei City | |- style="color:grey;" |Kiryū town||基隆街||Keelung (基隆市) |Upgraded to a city in 1924. |- ! rowspan="5" |Giran 宜蘭郡 |Tōi village||頭圍庄||Toucheng Township (頭城鎮), | |- |Shōkei village||礁溪庄||Jiaoxi Township (礁溪鄉), | |- |Sōi village||壯圍庄||Zhuangwei Township (壯圍鄉), | |- |Inzan village||員山庄||Yuanshan Township (員山鄉), | |- style="color:grey;" |Giran town||宜蘭街||Yilan City (宜蘭市), Yilan County |Upgraded to a city in 1940. |- ! rowspan="5" |Ratō 羅東郡 |Ratō town||羅東街||Luodong Township (羅東鎮), Yilan County | |- |Goketsu village||五結庄||Wujie Township (五結鄉), Yilan County | |- |Sansei village||三星庄||Sanxing Township (三星鄉), Yilan County | |- |Tōzan village||冬山庄||Dongshan Township (冬山鄉), Yilan County | |- |Aboriginal Area||蕃地||Datong Township (大同鄉), Yilan County | |- ! rowspan="2" |Suō 蘇澳郡 |Suō town||蘇澳街||Su'ao Township (蘇澳鎮), Yilan County | |- |Aboriginal Area||蕃地||Nan'ao Township (南澳鄉), Yilan County | |}

== Buildings and establishments ==

===Hospitals=== *Taihoku Imperial University Hospital (臺北帝國大學醫學部附屬病院) *Japanese Red Cross Society Taiwan Branch Hospital (赤十字社臺灣支部病院) *Government-General of Taiwan Monopoly Bureau Mutual Aid Association Hospital (臺灣総督府専売局共済組合病院) *Government-General of Taiwan Railway Bureau Taihoku Railway Hospital (臺灣総督府鉭道局台北鉄道病院) *Government-General of Taiwan Giran Hospital (臺灣総督府宜蘭病院) *Government-General of Taiwan Kīrun Hospital (臺灣総督府基隆病院)

===Courthouses=== Courthouses in 1945 (Shōwa 20) *Supreme Court of Appeal (高等法院上告部) *Supreme Judicial Court (高等法院覆審部) *Taihoku Regional Court (臺北地方法院) *Taihoku Regional Court Giran Branch (臺北地方法院宜蘭支部)

===Penitentiaries=== Penitentiaries in 1932 (Shōwa 7) *Taihoku Penitentiary (臺北刑務所) *Taihoku Penitentiary Giran Branch (臺北刑務所宜蘭刑務支所)

===Police stations=== Police stations in 1945 (Shōwa 20) *Taihoku Prefecture Police Administrative Division (臺北州警務部) *Taihoku Minami Police Station (臺北南警察署) **Banka Substation (萬華分署) *Taihoku Kita Police Station (臺北北警察署) *Kīrun Police Station (基隆警察署) *Kīrun Suijō Police Station (基隆水上警察署) (in Port of Kīrun) *Giran Police Station (宜蘭警察署) *Shichisei District Police Office (七星郡警察課) *Tansui District Police Office (淡水郡警察課) *Kīrun District Police Office (基隆郡警察課) *Giran District Police Office (宜蘭郡警察課) *Ratō District Police Office (羅東郡警察課) *Suō District Police Office (蘇澳郡警察課) *Bunsan District Police Office (文山郡警察課) *Kaizan District Police Office (海山郡警察課) *Shinshō District Police Office (新荘郡警察課)

==Weather stations== {{Empty section|date=July 2010}}

===Garrisons=== {{Empty section|date=July 2010}}

===Mines=== *Kinkaseki mine (金瓜山鉱山) (Gold, Silver, Copper) *Zuihō mine (瑞芳鉱山) (Gold, Silver) *Kīrun coal mine (基隆炭鉱) *Zuihō coal mine (瑞芳炭鉱) *Haccho coal mine (八堵炭鉱) *Ishisoko coal mine (石底炭鉱) *Banri coal mine (万里炭鉱) *Tokukō Taihoku coal mine (徳興台北炭鉱) *Kuangsui sulfur mine (大礦砕鉱山) *Fukuyama coal mine (福山炭鉱) *Itabashi coal mine (板橋炭鉱) *Kaizan coal mine (海山炭鉱)

===Shintō shrines=== {{main|List of Shintō shrines in Taiwan}} *Taiwan Grand Shrine *Giran Shrine *Kīrun Shrine *{{Interlanguage link|Taiwan Martyr Shrine|ja|台湾護国神社}} *Taihoku Inari Shrine *Kenkō Shrine *Zuihō Shrine *Shinshō Shrine *Ratō Shrine *Shiodome Shrine *Umiyama Shrine *Tamsui Shrine *Bunsan Shrine *Suō Shrine

===National Parks=== {{Main|List of national parks in Taiwan}} *Daiton National Park (Established on 12 December 1937) *Tsugitaka Taroko National Park (Established on 12 December 1937)

== Forest management == {{Empty section|date=July 2010}}

== Transport ==

===Rail=== {{Empty section|date=July 2010}}

===Roads=== Designated roads in 1939 (Shōwa 14) *縦貫道路 *Taihoku Tamsui Road (台北淡水道) *Taihoku Naiko Road (台北内湖道) *台北和尚州道 *Taihoku Itabashi Road (台北板橋道) *児玉町枋寮道 *台北八里庄道 *台北三張犂道 *Taihoku Shinkō Road (台北深坑道) *Taihoku Giran Road (台北宜蘭道) *水道町松山道 *景尾亀山道 *板橋景尾道 *枋寮土城道 *Itabashi Tōen Road (板橋桃園道) *Itabashi Ōka Road (板橋鶯歌道) *Shinshō Itabashi Road (新荘板橋道) *新荘樹林道 *新荘和尚州道 *新荘淡水道 *Tamsui Kanayama Road (淡水金山道) *北投草山道 *Shirin Kanayama Road (士林金山道) *基隆金山道 *基隆社寮島道 *基隆礁渓道 *Giran Suō Road (宜蘭蘇澳道) *羅東利沢簡道 *蘇澳南方澳道 *蘇澳北方澳道 *Ratō Sansei Road (羅東三星道) *Giran Tōen Road (宜蘭桃園道) *羅東清水道 *宜蘭東港道 *宜蘭三鬮道 *Giran Sansei Road (宜蘭三星道) *Suō Karenkō Road (蘇澳花蓮港道) *Hokutō Onsen Road (北投温泉道)

===Ports=== Open ports in 1938 (Shōwa 13) *Port of Kīrun (基隆港) *Port of Tamsui (淡水港)

== Enterprise == {{Empty section|date=July 2010}}

== Media == {{Empty section|date=July 2010}}

== Notable people == List of notable people born in, or who grew up or were active in Taihoku Prefecture during Japanese rule. * Lee Teng-hui, former president of the Republic of China (born 15 January 1923 in Sanshi village).<ref>{{cite news |first1=Sean |last1=Lin |first2=Sherry |last2=Hsiao |title='Mr Democracy' a man for his time |work=Taipei Times |url=https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/front/archives/2020/07/31/2003740872 |access-date=8 November 2025 |date=31 July 2020}}</ref> * Birei Kin, National Policy Advisor to President Chen Shui-bian, Taiwan independence activist, social commentator (born 7 February 1934). * Chiang Wei-shui, politician (8 February 1891 – 5 August 1931) * {{Interlanguage link multi|Huang Lingzhi|zh|3=黃靈芝}}, writer. * Li Mei-shu, artist.

==References== {{reflist}}

{{Gaichi}} {{Coord missing|Japan}}

Category:1920 establishments in Taiwan Category:Former prefectures of Japan in Taiwan Category:History of Taipei Category:History of New Taipei Category:Keelung Category:Yilan County, Taiwan Category:States and territories disestablished in 1945 Category:States and territories disestablished in 1952 Category:1945 disestablishments in Taiwan