{{Short description|Native American tribe located in Colorado and Utah}} thumb|300px|Charles Craig, Uncompahgre Ute Indian Camp, 1893, Denver Art Museum {{main|Ute people}} {{Use American English|date=April 2026}} {{Use mdy dates|date=April 2026}} The '''Uncompahgre Ute''' ({{IPAc-en|,|V|N|k|@|m|'|p|a:|g|r|ei|_|'|j|u:|t}}) or '''ꞌAkaꞌ-páa-gharʉrʉ Núuchi''' (also: Ahkawa Pahgaha Nooch) is a band of the Ute, a Native American tribe located in the US states of Colorado and Utah. In the Ute language, {{lang|ute|uncompahgre}} means "rocks that make water red."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://upartnership.org/plateau-facts/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160408132049/http://upartnership.org/plateau-facts/ |archive-date=8 April 2016 |title=Plateau Facts |publisher=The Uncompahgre Partnership |access-date=July 3, 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The band was formerly called the Tabeguache.
==Tabeguache== <!--- There are two redirects to this section --> [[File:NIE 1905 Indians American - Shoshonean.jpg|thumb|Chief Ouray]] The Tabeguache (Ute language: {{lang|ute|'''Tavi'wachi Núuchi'''}}, {{lang|ute|Taveewach}},{{lang|ute|Taviwach}}, and {{lang|ute|Taviwac}}),<ref>{{cite book|last=Clark|first=Patricia Roberts|title=Tribal Names of the Americas: Spelling Variants and Alternative Forms, Cross-Referenced|url=https://archive.org/details/tribalnamesameri00clar|url-access=limited|date=June 23, 2009|publisher=McFarland|isbn=978-0-7864-5169-2|page=[https://archive.org/details/tribalnamesameri00clar/page/n255 249]}}</ref> or “People of Sun Mountain,” was the largest of the ten nomadic bands of the Ute and part of the Northern Ute People.<ref name="PPM">{{Cite web |url=http://www.pikespeakhsmuseum.org/indians/ |title=Ute Indians |website=Pikes Peak Historical Society|access-date=June 14, 2018}}</ref> They lived in river valleys of the Gunnison River and Uncompahgre River<ref name="NPS Fronter ch. 5">{{Cite web |url=https://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/blm/co/10/chap5.htm |title=Frontier in Transition: A History of Southwestern Colorado (Chapter 5) |website=National Park Service |access-date=June 18, 2018}}</ref> between the Parianuche to the north and the Weeminuche to the south. They traveled seasonally.<ref name="Bakken">{{cite book|last1=Bakken|first1=Gordon Morris|last2=Kindell|first2=Alexandra|title=Encyclopedia of Immigration and Migration in the American West|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I6Q5DQAAQBAJ&pg=PT740|date=February 24, 2006|publisher=SAGE|isbn=978-1-4129-0550-3|chapter=Utes}}</ref> Like other Ute, they were hunters who followed and hunted buffalo, deer, and elk. They moved their camp about every month, and created a link to Mother Earth at each camp by constructing a medicine wheel at the center of camp.<ref name="PPM" />
The Tabeguache believed that the Pikes Peak region is their home. Their name for the mountain is {{lang|ute|Tavakiev}}, meaning "sun mountain." Living a nomadic hunter-gatherer lifestyle, summers were spent in the Pikes Peak area mountains, which was considered by other tribes to be the domain of the Utes.<ref name="CSPM Utes" /> Pikes Peak was a sacred ceremonial area for the Tabeguache Utes, including their Sundance grounds and culturally scarred Ponderosa Pines that were used for different purposes, including prayer, burial, peeled-bark medicine, and arborglyphs or message trees. Some of the trees are 800 years old. An endowment was established by the Pikes Peak Historical Society in 2001 to help members of the Ute Nation to return to their homelands around Pikes Peak.<ref name="PPM" />
[[File:Future Manitou Springs, photograph 1874-1879.png|thumb|left|Valley of springs in present-day Manitou Springs, where Ute came to hunt and take the mineral springs. The center of the photograph shows a "lone encampment" of Ute Native Americans, between 1874 and 1879.]] In the fall they would travel Ute Pass and visit the springs where they "made offerings to the spirits of the springs for good health and good hunting".<ref name="CSPM Utes" /> There were about ten mineral springs, called {{lang|ute|manitou}} for the "breath of the Great Spirit Manitou" believed to have created the bubbles, or "effervescence", in the spring water. The springs were considered sacred grounds where Native Americans drank and soaked in the mineral water to replenish and heal themselves. Ute and other tribes came to the area, spent winters there, and "share[d] in the gifts of the waters without worry of conflict."<ref name="History Colorado">[http://www.historycolorado.org/sites/default/files/files/OAHP/crforms_edumat/pdfs/641.pdf Manitou Springs Historic District Nomination Form] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212102144/https://www.historycolorado.org/sites/default/files/files/OAHP/crforms_edumat/pdfs/641.pdf |date=2019-12-12 }}. History Colorado. Retrieved May 3, 2013.</ref><ref name="Guide p. 6">{{ cite book | title=Historic Manitou Springs, Colorado - 2013 Visitors Guide | publisher=The Manitou Springs Chamber of Commerce, Visitors Bureau & Office of Economic Development | page=6 | year=2013 }}</ref><ref name="Best of Colorado">{{cite book|title=Best of Colorado|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BOTa5gUx4x0C&pg=PT82|access-date=May 4, 2013|date=1 September 2002|publisher=Big Earth Publishing|isbn=978-1-56579-429-0|page=82}}</ref><ref name="Mineral Springs">[http://manitousprings.org/mineral-springs/ ''About.''] Manitou Springs. Retrieved May 4, 2013.</ref> Artifacts found from the nearby Garden of the Gods, such as grinding stones, "suggest the groups would gather together after their hunt to complete the tanning of hides and processing of meat."<ref name="CSPM Utes">{{cite web | url=http://www.cspm.org/learn/regional-history/native-americans/ute-indians-of-colorado/ | title=Ute Indians of Colorado | publisher=Colorado Springs Pioneers Museum | access-date=May 24, 2013 | archive-date=December 10, 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191210032342/https://www.cspm.org/learn/regional-history/native-americans/ute-indians-of-colorado/ | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="City of Colorado Springs - First People">{{cite web|url=http://www.springsgov.com/Page.aspx?NavID=2060 |title=The First People of the Cañon and the Pikes Peak Region |publisher=City of Colorado Springs |access-date=May 24, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140703103919/http://www.springsgov.com/Page.aspx?NavID=2060 |archive-date=July 3, 2014 |df=mdy-all }}</ref>
The old Ute Passmotion Trail went westward from Monument Creek (near Roswell) to Garden of the Gods and Manitou Springs to the Rocky Mountains.<ref name=Howbert>{{Cite book |last=Howbert |first=Irving |year=1970 |orig-year=1925/1914 |title=Memories of a Lifetime in the Pike's Peak Region |url=http://davehugheslegacy.net/files/Howbert_Memoriesof_a_Lifetime_in_the_Pikes_Peak_Region_PDF.pdf |publisher=The Rio Grande Press |via=DaveHughesLegacy.net |lccn=73115107 |isbn=0-87380-044-3 |access-date=June 17, 2018 |archive-date=November 13, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181113061506/http://davehugheslegacy.net/files/Howbert_Memoriesof_a_Lifetime_in_the_Pikes_Peak_Region_PDF.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> From Ute Pass, Utes journeyed eastward to hunt buffalo. They spent winters in mountain valleys where they were protected from the weather.<ref name="CSPM Utes" /><ref name="City of Colorado Springs - First People" /> The North and Middle Parks of present-day Colorado were among favored hunting grounds, due to the abundance of game.<ref>{{cite book|author=William B. Butler|title=The Fur Trade in Colorado|year=2012|publisher=Western Reflections Publishing Company|isbn=978-1-937851-02-6|page=4}}</ref>
John Wesley Powell lived with the Northern Ute People in 1868–69 and he observed: :"[the Ute] will never ask to what nation or tribe or body of people another Indian belongs but to ‘what land do you belong and how are you land {{sic}} named?’ Thus the very name of the Indian is his title deed to his home and thus it is that these Indians have contended so fiercely for the possession of the soil...His national pride and patriotism, his peace with other tribes, his home and livelihood for his family, all his interests, everything that is dear to him is associated with his country."<ref name="PPM" />
==Notable people== * Chipeta, Ouray's wife, Tabeguache * Ouray (Ute leader), Tabeguache
==References== {{reflist|22em}}
{{Ute people}} {{Indigenous People of CO}} {{Indigenous People of AZ}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Uncompahgre Ute}} Category:Ute (ethnic group) Category:Uto-Aztecan peoples