{{short description|Ancient Egyptian tomb}} {{Infobox Egyptian tomb | theban = yes | name = TT280 | owner = Meketre | image = TT280 causeway.jpg | image_alt = | caption = Double entrance of the tomb in the hill with its causeway at the forefront | coordinates = {{Coord|25.73542366|32.60415148|display=inline,title|format=dms}} | map_alt = | location = Sheikh Abd el-Qurna | date = 1895 | excavated = Georges Daressy (1895)<br>Herbert Winlock (1920) | decoration = | layout = | prev = TT279 | next = TT281 }} Tomb '''TT280''', located in Sheikh Abd el-Qurna, part of the Theban Necropolis, is the burial place of the ancient Egyptian noble Meketre who was chancellor and chief steward during the reign of Mentuhotep II and Mentuhotep III, during the Eleventh Dynasty.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Roehrig |first1=Catherine H. |title=Life along the Nile: Three Egyptians of Ancient Thebes |journal=The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin |date=2002 |volume=60 |issue=1 |pages=1–56 |doi=10.2307/3258908 |jstor=3258908 }}</ref>
==Discovery and excavation== thumb|left|250px|Floor plan and section of the tomb. The tomb was discovered in 1895 by Georges Daressy. It had been plundered in ancient times, but when Herbert Winlock excavated it in 1920, an undisturbed room containing several models was discovered.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Spaull |first1=C. H. S. |title=Review of Models of Daily Life in Ancient Egypt from the Tomb of Meket-Rē' at Thebes |journal=The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology |date=1956 |volume=42 |pages=124–125 |doi=10.2307/3855141 |jstor=3855141 }}</ref> These models cover daily life at the estate of the Vizier Meketre.
{{Hiero|Meketre|<hiero> N5-m-D39:k-t:Z2</hiero><ref name="PM">Porter and Moss, ''Topographical Bibliography: The Theban Necropolis'', pp. 47–49</ref>|align=right|era=nk}} ==Models== This tomb contained many models: * In the Cairo Museum: two canoes with draw-net, Boat with paddles, and Meketre and son Antef under canopy, sailing-boat with Meketre under canopy, Kitchen tender, Sailing-boat with wicker cabin, Sailing-boat, house in garden, Carpenter's shop, Spinning and weaving, Inspection of cattle, Female offering-bringer with drink.<ref name="PM"/> * In the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York: rowing-boat with musicians and kitchen tender, Rowing-boat, Sailing boat with Meketre and son Antef under canopy, Boat with paddles, Boat with paddles, men harpooning fish, and Meketre and son Antef seated on deck, Female offering-bringer with food, Four male and female offering bringers in procession, Cattle in stable, Slaughterhouse, Granary, Brewers and Bakers, House in garden.<ref name="PM"/>
<gallery class="center" widths="170" heights="170"> File:FuneraryPaddlingBoatW-TombOfMeketre MetropolitanMuseum.png|A model of a paddling funerary boat, painted and gessoed wood, originally from Thebes from TT280 File:GD-EG-Caire-Musée120.JPG|View from the cattle census </gallery>
== Bibliography == * {{Cite journal |first1=Herbert E. |last1=Winlock |author-link1=Herbert Eustis Winlock|title=The Egyptian Expedition 1918-1920: II. Excavations at Thebes 1919-20|journal=The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin|volume=15|issue=12|date=1920|pages=12-32|doi=10.2307/3253881}} * {{Cite book |first1=Bertha |last1=Porter |author-link1=Bertha Porter |first2=Rosalind |last2=Moss |author-link2=Rosalind Moss |first3=Ethel W. |last3=Burney |title=Topographical Bibliography of Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphic Text, Reliefs, and Paintings, Volume I: The Theban Necropolis, Part 1: Private Tombs |publisher=Clarendon Press |place=Oxford |date=1960 |edition=2 |isbn=9780900416156 |url=http://www.griffith.ox.ac.uk/topbib/pdf/pm1-1.pdf}} * {{Cite journal |first1=Dorothea |last1=Arnold |author-link1=Dorothea Arnold |title=Amenemhat I and the Early Twelfth Dynasty at Thebes |journal=The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin |volume=26 |date=1991 |pages=5–48 |url=https://www.metmuseum.org/fr/met-publications/amenemhat-i-and-the-early-twelfth-dynasty-at-thebes-the-metropolitan-museum-journal-v-26-1991}} * {{Cite book |first1=Katherine |last1=Slinger |title=Tomb Families: Private Tomb Distribution in the New Kingdom Theban Necropolis |place=Oxford |publisher=Archaeopress Publishing Ltd |date=2022 |isbn=9781803270364}} * {{Cite book |first1=Harco |last1=Willems |chapter=Egypt’s Middle Kingdom: A View from Within |title=The Oxford History of the Ancient Near East, Volume II: From the End of the Third Millennium BC to the Fall of Babylon |editor1=Karen Radner |editor2=Nadine Moeller |editor3=D. T. Potts |place=Oxford |publisher=Oxford University Press |date=2022 |pages=656–727 |isbn=9780190687571 |doi=10.1093/oso/9780190687571.003.0019}}
==See also== * List of Theban tombs
==References== {{reflist}}
==External links== * {{commons cat inline|Tomb of Meketre}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20180911193535/http://www.tmpbibliography.com/resources/bibliography_5nv_tombs_of_the_nobles_tt280_meketre.html (WayBack) Bibliography for TT 280: Meketre]{{snd}}Theban Mapping Project
Category: 1895 archaeological discoveries Category:Buildings and structures of the Eleventh Dynasty of Egypt Category:Theban tombs