{{short description|American lichenologist}} {{good article}} {{Use American English|date=March 2021}} {{Use mdy dates|date=January 2021}} {{Infobox scientist | name = Thomas Hawkes Nash III | birth_date = {{birth date |1945|11|13}} | birth_place = Arlington, Virginia | fields = Botany, lichenology | workplaces = Arizona State University | education = | alma_mater = *Duke University *Rutgers University | known_for = ''Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region''<br />3 vols., 2002–2007 | awards = Acharius Medal | author_abbrev_bot = T.H.Nash }}
'''Thomas Hawkes Nash III''' (born November 13, 1945) is an American lichenologist. His research is about the biology and ecology of lichens, and the effects of air pollution on plants and lichens. He is known as an authority on the family Parmeliaceae. During his long career at the Arizona State University, he helped develop the lichen herbarium into a world-class collection with over 100,000 specimens representing more than 5000 species. In 2010, the year of his retirement, he was awarded the Acharius Medal for lifetime achievements in lichenology, and the following year had a ''Festschrift'' published in his honor.
==Biography== Nash was born in Arlington, Virginia, in 1945. He received a B.Sc. from Duke University in 1967. It was around this time that he was introduced to lichens by ecologist Larry Bliss; he would later take an advanced undergraduate class on lichens given by William Culberson, and a lichenology summer course given by Mason Hale. Nash later went on to earn an M.Sc. (1969, botany) and Ph.D. (1971, botany and statistics) from Rutgers University,<ref name="Bates & Bungartz 2011"/> under the supervision of ecologist Murray Fife Buell.<ref name="ASU Lichen Herbarium"/> His Ph.D. thesis, titled ''Effect of Effluents from a Zinc Factory on Lichens'',<ref name="Bates & Bungartz 2011"/> was later published in the journal ''Ecological Monographs''.<ref name="Nash 1975"/>
Shortly after graduation, he accepted an assistant professorship from Arizona State University in Tempe, where he has spent much of his scientific career. He was promoted to associate professor of botany in 1976, and became a full professor with this institution in 1981. He taught courses in ecology, lichenology, statistics, and, on one occasion, bryology. Nash retired from Arizona State University in 2010.<ref name="Bates & Bungartz 2011"/> For thirty years Nash and his students investigated Southern California's lichen communities and used them as biomonitors of air quality in the Los Angeles air basin.<ref name="Riddell et al. 2011"/> After his retirement, Nash volunteered with the Wisconsin State Herbarium at the University of Wisconsin–Madison.<ref name="Milwaukee Journal Sentinel"/>
Nash has developed a collection of over 110,000 lichen samples for the Arizona State University herbarium, for which he was the curator;{{sfn|Kärnefelt|2009|pp=323–324}} about 40,000 of these were collected by Nash himself during his nearly four decades at Arizona State University.<ref name="ASU Lichen Herbarium"/> The collection features about 450 type specimens, and is represented by about 5,500 different species – about one-quarter of the known lichen species in the world.<ref name="Bates & Bungartz 2011"/> It is among the ten largest collections of lichens in the United States.<ref name="ASU Lichen Herbarium"/> Nash curated and edited the exsiccata series ''Lichenes exsiccati, distributed by Arizona State University''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lichenes exsiccati, distributed by Arizona State University: IndExs ExsiccataID=978633343 |website=IndExs - Index of Exsiccatae |publisher=Botanische Staatssammlung München |url=http://www.botanischestaatssammlung.de/DatabaseClients/IndExs/Exsiccatae_IndExs_Details.jsp?ExsiccataID=978633343 |access-date=1 May 2024}}</ref> His research is largely focused on the biology of lichens and the effects of air pollution on plants. He uses an interdisciplinary approach to research, and the topics of his research publications include ecophysiology, ecology, taxonomy, floristics, and biomonitoring.<ref name="Lumbsch 2011"/> He developed an interest in lichen physiology after working for a while with Otto Ludwig Lange at the University of Würzburg. Nash's interest in taxonomy developed with his work on the flora of the southwestern United States, and he is considered a leading expert in the family Parmeliaceae, particularly the genera ''Hypotrachyna'' and ''Xanthoparmelia''.<ref name="Bates & Bungartz 2011"/> [[File:Niebla isidiascens 196947.jpg|thumb|right|''Niebla isidiaescens'' is one of many new species described by Nash and colleagues as a result of his research into the lichen flora of the southwestern United States.]] Major works by Nash include a revision of ''Xanthoparmelia'' species in South America, a monograph on ''Hypotrachyna'' for the journal ''Flora Neotropica'', and a three-volume set on the lichen flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert.<ref name="Bates & Bungartz 2011"/><ref name="JSTOR"/> The latter project, funded by the National Science Foundation, was a large collaborative work involving more than 90 scientists from 23 countries.{{sfn|Kärnefelt|2009|pp=323–324}}<ref name="Lumbsch 2011"/> Taking almost 18 years to complete, much of the effort was taken up through numerous field trips to hundreds of localities throughout the region. As a result, this work, which covers almost 2,000 species – about 40% of the lichens known in North America – is considered an "authoritative taxonomic treatment" that "profoundly increased the understanding of the lichen biodiversity of the Sonoran Desert and surrounding environs".<ref name="Bates & Bungartz 2011"/> These collecting expeditions resulted in the discovery of about 175 species new to science.<ref name="ASU Lichen Herbarium"/>
In 2008, Nash was the chair of the organizing committee for the sixth International Lichenological Symposium, which was held at the Asilomar Conference Grounds in Monterey, California.{{sfn|Kärnefelt|2009|pp=323–324}}<ref name="Doell 2008"/> As of 2011, Nash had mentored 30 graduate students (19 Ph.D. and 11 Masters), and authored or co-authored more than 200 peer-reviewed scientific publications.<ref name="Bates & Bungartz 2011"/>
===Personal=== Thomas Nash is married to Corinna Gries, who is a professional in biodiversity informatics. She was a researcher in the Long Term Ecological Research Network in Arizona, and later at the University of Wisconsin.<ref name="Bates & Bungartz 2011"/>
==Memberships and awards== Nash was secretary of the International Association for Lichenology in the years 1971–1977, and the president of the American Bryological and Lichenological Society from 1981 to 1983. He was an associate editor for the scientific journal ''Bibliotheca Lichenologica'' from 1996 to 2008, and a member of several scientific societies: the American Institute of Biological Sciences, the Ecological Society of America, the Organization for Tropical Studies, and Sigma Xi.<ref name="Bates & Bungartz 2011"/>
Nash has been a Fulbright scholar, a fellow of the Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, and thrice an Alexander von Humboldt fellow.<ref name="Bates & Bungartz 2011"/>
==Recognition== In 2010, Nash was awarded the Acharius Medal for lifetime achievements in lichenology.<ref name="IAL: Acharius Medallists"/> In 2011, he was honored with a ''Festschrift'' in the journal ''Bibliotheca Lichenologica''.<ref name="Bates et al. 2011"/> This volume, published on the occasion on his 65th birthday, contains 33 articles written by 70 authors.<ref name="Farkas & Duleba 2011"/>
===Eponymy=== [[File:Cladonia nashii - Flickr - pellaea.jpg|thumb|right|''Cladonia nashii'', pictured here from Palos Verdes, southern California, is one of many lichen species named after Nash.]] There are many lichen species that have been named in honor of Thomas Nash. These include:
''Xanthoparmelia nashii'' {{small|Elix & J.Johnst. (1986)}};<ref name="Elix et al. 1986"/> ''Tephromela nashii'' {{small|Kalb (1991)}}; ''Lecanactis nashii'' {{small|Egea & Torrente (1992)}};<ref name="Egea & Torrente 1992"/> ''Physcia nashii'' {{small|Moberg (1997)}}; ''Usnea nashii'' {{small|P.Clerc & Herrera-Camp. (1997)}};<ref name="Clerc & Herrera-Campos 1997"/> ''Evicentia nashii'' {{small|Barreno (2000)}}; ''Harpidium nashii'' {{small|Scheid. (2000)}};<ref name="Schultz et al. 2000"/> ''Caloplaca nashii'' {{small|Nav.-Ros., Gaya & Hladún (2001)}}; ''Cladonia nashii'' {{small|Ahti (2002)}}; ''Plectocarpon nashii'' {{small|Hafellner (2002)}};<ref name="Hafellner et al. 2002"/> ''Toninia nashii'' {{small|Timdal (2002)}}; ''Fusicladium nashicola'' {{small|K.Schub. & U.Braun (2003)}};<ref name="Schubert et al. 2003"/> ''Gyalectidium nashii'' {{small|Herrera-Camp. & Lücking (2003)}};<ref name="Herrera-Campos & Lücking 2003"/> ''Phaeophyscia nashii'' {{small|Essl. (2004)}}; ''Buellia nashii'' {{small|Bungartz (2004)}}; ''Fellhanera nashii'' {{small|van den Boom (2004)}}; ''Lecanora nashii'' {{small|B.D.Ryan (2004)}}; ''Lecidella nashiana'' {{small|Knoph & Leuckert (2004)}}; ''Sticta nashii'' {{small|D.J.Galloway (2004)}}; ''Aspicilia nashii'' {{small|Owe-Larss. & A.Nordin (2007)}}; ''Tremella nashii'' {{small|Diederich (2007)}};<ref name="Diederich 2007"/> ''Acarospora nashii'' {{small|K.Knudsen (2011)}};<ref name="Knudsen 2011"/> ''Buellia tomnashiana'' {{small|Giralt & van den Boom (2011)}};<ref name="Giralt & van den Boom 2011"/> ''Caloplaca tomnashii'' {{small|S.Y.Kondr., Elix & Kärnefelt 2011)}};<ref name="Kondratyuk et al. 2011"/> ''Bulbothrix thomasiana'' {{small|Benatti & Marcelli (2011)}};<ref name="Marcelli et al. 2011"/> ''Niebla nashii'' {{small|Sipman (2011)}};<ref name="Sipman 2011"/> ''Canoparmelia nashii'' {{small|Jungbluth & Marcelli (2011)}};<ref name="Marcelli et al. 2011"/> ''Punctelia nashii'' {{small|Marcelli & Canêz (2011)}};<ref name="Marcelli et al. 2011"/> ''Lobariella nashii'' {{small|Moncada & Lücking (2013)}}.<ref name="Moncada et al. 2013"/> The genus ''Trinathotrema'' {{small|Lücking, Rivas Plata & Mangold (2011)}} (family Stictidaceae) also honors Nash; it is constructed from parts of his name: ''tho'' from ''Thomas'', ''na'' from ''Nash'' and ''tri'' referring to III.<ref name="Lücking et al. 2011"/> ''Tomnashia'' {{small|S.Y.Kondr. & Hur (2017)}} (family Teloschistaceae) is another generic eponym.<ref name="Kondratyuk et al. 2017"/>
==Selected publications== A comprehensive list of Nash's publication from the period 1971 to 2010 is given in Bates and colleagues' 2011 ''Festschrift''.<ref name="Bates et al. 2011"/> Some representative publications include:
===Books=== *{{cite book |editor-last1=Nash III |editor-first1=Thomas H. |editor-last2=Wirth |editor-first2=Volkmar |year=1988 |title=Lichens, Bryophytes and Air Quality |series=Bibliotheca Lichenologica |volume=30 |isbn=978-3-443-58009-4 |publisher=J. Cramer |location=Berlin|ref=none}}<ref name="Richardson 2007"/> *{{cite book |editor-last1=Nash III |editor-first1=Thomas H. |year=1996 |title=Lichen Biology |location=Cambridge |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-45974-7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P9y60ac0wbMC|ref=none}} (reprinted in 2008) *{{cite book |editor-last1=Nash III |editor-first1=T. H. |editor-last2=Ryan |editor-first2=B. D. |editor-last3=Gries |editor-first3=C. |editor-last4=Bungartz |editor-first4=F. |year=2002 |title=Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region |volume=1. The Pyrenolichens and most of the Squamulose and Macrolichens |location=Tempe |publisher=Lichens Unlimited, Arizona State University, Department of Plant Biology |isbn=978-0-9716759-0-2|ref=none}} *{{cite book |editor-last1=Nash III |editor-first1=T. H. |editor-last2=Ryan |editor-first2=B. D. |editor-last3=Diederich |editor-first3=P. |editor-last4=Gries |editor-first4=C. |editor-last5=Bungartz |editor-first5=F. |year=2004 |title=Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region |volume=2. Most of the Microlichens, Balance of the Macrolichens, and Lichenicolous Fungi |location=Tempe |publisher=Lichens Unlimited, Arizona State University, Department of Plant Biology |isbn=978-0-9716759-1-9|ref=none}} *{{cite book |editor-last1=Nash III |editor-first1=T. H. |editor-last2=Gries |editor-first2=C. |editor-first3=Bungartz |editor-last3=F. |title=Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region |year=2007 |volume=3. Balance of the Microlichens, and the Lichenicolous Fungi |location=Tempe |publisher=Lichens Unlimited, Arizona State University, Department of Plant Biology |isbn=978-0-9716759-1-9|ref=none}}
===Articles=== *{{cite journal |last1=Sigal |first1=Lorene L. |last2=Nash III |first2=T. H. |title=Lichen communities on conifers in southern California mountains: An ecological survey relative to oxidant air pollution |journal=Ecology |year=1983 |volume=64 |issue=6 |pages=1343–1354 |doi=10.2307/1937489 |jstor=1937489|bibcode=1983Ecol...64.1343S |ref=none}} *{{cite journal |doi=10.1016/0098-8472(91)90075-Y |title=Physiological responses of the lichen ''Ramalina menziesii'' Tayl. to the Los Angeles urban environment |year=1991 |last1=Boonpragob |first1=Kansri |last2=Nash III|first2=T. H. |journal=Environmental and Experimental Botany |volume=31 |issue=2 |pages=229–238|bibcode=1991EnvEB..31..229B |ref=none}} *{{cite journal |doi=10.1016/S0040-4039(99)01220-4 |title=Hybocarpone, a novel cytotoxic naphthazarin derivative from mycobiont cultures of the lichen ''Lecanora hybocarpa'' |year=1999 |last1=Ernst-Russell |first1=Michael A. |last2=Elix |first2=John A. |last3=Chai |first3=Christina L.L. |last4=Willis |first4=Anthony C. |last5=Hamada |first5=Nobuo |last6=Nash III |first6=T. H. |journal=Tetrahedron Letters |volume=40 |issue=34 |pages=6321–6324|ref=none}} *{{cite journal |last1=Zambrano |first1=A. |last2=Nash III |first2=T.H. |year=2000 |title=Lichen responses to short-term transplantation in Desierto de los Leones, Mexico City |journal=Environmental Pollution |volume=107 |issue=3 |pages=407–412 |doi=10.1016/S0269-7491(99)00169-4|bibcode=2000EPoll.107..407Z |ref=none}} *{{cite journal |last1=Herrera-Campos |first1=M.A. |last2=Nash III |first2=T.H. |last3=Zambrano |first3=A. |year=2001 |title=A revision of the ''Usnea fragilescens'' group for Mexico |journal=Bryologist |volume=104 |pages=235–259|doi=10.1639/0007-2745(2001)104[0235:PSOTUF]2.0.CO;2|s2cid=86233759 |ref=none}} *{{cite journal |last1=Hafellner |first1=J. |last2=Triebel |first2=D. |last3=Ryan |first3=B.D. |last4=Nash III |first4=T.H. |year=2002 |title=On lichenicolous fungi from North America II |journal=Mycotaxon |volume=84 |pages=293–329 |doi=10.5962/p.418297 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/286568279|ref=none|doi-access=free }} *{{cite journal |last1=Nash III |first1=T.H. |last2=Gries |first2=C. |year=2002 |title=Lichens as bioindicators of sulfur dioxide |journal=Symbiosis |volume=33 |issue=1 |pages=1–21 |url=https://dalspace.library.dal.ca/bitstream/handle/10222/77902/VOLUME%2033-NUMBER%201-2002-PAGE%201.pdf?sequence=1|ref=none}} *{{cite journal |doi=10.1016/S0269-7491(03)00088-5 |title=Historical and current atmospheric deposition to the epilithic lichen ''Xanthoparmelia'' in Maricopa County, Arizona |year=2003 |last1=Zschau |first1=T. |last2=Getty|first2=S. |last3=Gries |first3=C. |last4=Ameron |first4=Y.|last5=Zambrano |first5=A. |last6=Nash III |first6=T.H. |journal=Environmental Pollution |volume=125 |issue=1 |pages=21–30 |pmid=12804824|bibcode=2003EPoll.125...21Z |ref=none}} *{{cite journal |last1=Bungartz |first1=F. |last2=Garvie |first2=L.A.J. |last3=Nash III |first3=T.H. |year=2004 |title=Anatomy of the endolithic Sonoran Desert lichen ''Verrucaria rubrocincta'' Breuss: implications for biodeterioration and biomineralization |journal=Lichenologist |volume=36 |issue=1 |pages=55–73 |doi=10.1017/S0024282904013854|bibcode=2004ThLic..36...55B |s2cid=86211017 |ref=none}} *{{cite journal |last1=Riddell |first1=Jennifer |last2=Nash III |first2=Thomas H. |last3=Padgett |first3=Pamela |title=The effect of HNO<sub>3</sub> gas on the lichen ''Ramalina menziesii'' |year=2008 |journal=Flora - Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants |volume=203 |issue=1 |pages=47–54 |doi=10.1016/j.flora.2007.10.001|ref=none}} *{{cite journal |title=Fungal communities of lichen-dominated biological soil crusts: Diversity, relative microbial biomass, and their relationship to disturbance and crust cover |year=2010 |last1=Bates |first1=Scott T. |last2=Nash III |first2=T. H. |last3=Sweat |first3=Ken G. |last4=Garcia-Pichel |first4=Ferran |journal=Journal of Arid Environments |volume=74 |issue=10 |pages=1192–1199 |doi=10.1016/j.jaridenv.2010.05.033 |bibcode=2010JArEn..74.1192B|ref=none}} {{botanist|T.H.Nash}}
==See also== * :Category:Taxa named by Thomas Hawkes Nash III
==References== {{Reflist|colwidth=30em|refs=
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<ref name="IAL: Acharius Medallists">{{cite web |title=Acharius Medallists |publisher=International Association for Lichenology |url=http://www.lichenology.org/index.html?/Awards/AchariusMedallists.html |access-date=December 10, 2011 |archive-date=June 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624065615/http://www.lichenology.org/index.html?%2FAwards%2FAchariusMedallists.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
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}}
===Cited literature=== *{{cite book |last1=Kärnefelt |first1=Ingvar |author-link=Ingvar Kärnefelt |chapter=Fifty influential lichenologists |pages=283–368 |title=Diversity of Lichenology – Anniversary Volume |editor-last1=Thell |editor-first1=Arne |editor-last2=Seaward |editor-first2=Mark R. D. |editor-last3=Feuerer |editor-first3=Tassilo |year=2009 |series=Bibliotheca Lichenologica |publisher=J. Kramer |volume=100 |location=Stuttgart |isbn=978-3-443-58079-7}}
{{Presidents of the American Bryological and Lichenological Society}} {{Recipients of the Acharius Medal}} {{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Nash, Thomas Hawkes III}} Category:1945 births Category:Acharius Medal recipients Category:American lichenologists Category:American taxonomists Category:Arizona State University faculty Category:Rutgers University alumni Category:Duke University alumni Category:People from Arlington County, Virginia Category:American botanists Category:Living people