{{Short description|Tribe of wasps}} {{Automatic taxobox | image = Saphonecrus connatus 17793.jpg | image_caption = ''Saphonecrus connatus'' | taxon = Synergini | subdivision_ranks = Genera | subdivision = * See text | diversity = 69 species<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Nastasi |first1=Louis F |last2=Buffington |first2=Matthew L |last3=Davis |first3=Charles K |last4=Deans |first4=Andrew R |date=2024 |title=Key to the North American tribes and genera of herb, rose, bramble, and inquiline gall wasps (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Cynipidaesensu lato) |journal=ZooKeys |issue=1196 |pages=177–207 |doi=10.3897/zookeys.1196.118460 |doi-access=free |pmid=38566620 |pmc=10985401 |bibcode=2024ZooK.1196..177N }}</ref> }}
'''Synergini''' is a tribe of gall wasps in the subfamily Cynipinae.<ref>{{Cite journal| vauthors = Wachi N, Ide T, Abe Y |date=2011-05-01|title=A New Inquiline Species of Saphonecrus (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini) Associated with Cecidomyiid Galls on Oak Trees in Japan|journal=Annals of the Entomological Society of America|language=en|volume=104|issue=3|pages=369–373|doi=10.1603/an10187|issn=0013-8746|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YwjnAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA467 |title=Neotropical Insect Galls|last1=Fernandes|first1=Geraldo Wilson|last2=Santos|first2=Jean Carlos | name-list-style = vanc |date=2014-06-26|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-94-017-8783-3|pages=467 }}</ref>
== Genera == The following genera are generally accepted within Synergini:<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal| vauthors = Melika G, Choi JY, Pujade-Villar J, Pénzes Z, Fülöp D |date=2007-09-01|title=A New Species of Inquiline Cynipid of the Genus Ufo Melika & Pujade-Villar, 2005 from Korea (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini)|journal=Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology|volume=10|issue=3|pages=197–200|doi=10.1016/S1226-8615(08)60353-2|bibcode=2007JAsPE..10..197M |issn=1226-8615}}</ref>
{{div col begin|colwidth=20em}} * ''Agastoroxenia''<ref name="Nieves-Aldrey&Medianero">{{cite journal| vauthors = Nieves-Aldrey JL, Medianero E |date=1 July 2010|title=''Agastoroxenia panamensis'', a New Genus and Species of Inquiline Oak Gall Wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini) of the Neotropics|journal=Annals of the Entomological Society of America|volume=103|issue=4|pages=492–499|doi=10.1603/AN09148|s2cid=86613914}}</ref> * ''Lithosaphonecrus''<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Schwéger S, Melika G, Tang CT, Yang MM, Stone GN, Nicholls JA, Sinclair F, Hearn J, Bozsó M, Pénzes Z | display-authors = 6 | title = New species of cynipid inquilines of the genus Saphonecrus (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini) from the Eastern Palaearctic, with a re-appraisal of known species world-wide | journal = Zootaxa | volume = 4054 | pages = 1–84 | date = December 2015 | pmid = 26701460 | doi = 10.11646/zootaxa.4054.1.1 }}</ref> * ''Saphonecrus'' * ''Rhoophilus''<ref name=":1">{{cite journal | vauthors = Acs Z, Challis RJ, Bihari P, Blaxter M, Hayward A, Melika G, Csóka G, Pénzes Z, Pujade-Villar J, Nieves-Aldrey JL, Schönrogge K, Stone GN | display-authors = 6 | title = Phylogeny and DNA barcoding of inquiline oak gallwasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) of the Western Palaearctic | journal = Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution | volume = 55 | issue = 1 | pages = 210–25 | date = April 2010 | pmid = 20004727 | doi = 10.1016/j.ympev.2009.12.004 | bibcode = 2010MolPE..55..210A | url = http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/9524/1/AcsN009524PP.pdf }}</ref> * ''Synergus'' * ''Ufo'' {{div col end}}
All of these except ''Lithosaphonecrus'' and ''Rhoophilus'' are found in the eastern Palearctic realm.<ref name=":0" /> ''Synergus'' has the greatest number of species in Synergini.<ref name=":1" />
A reworking of the entire Cynipidae family published in 2015 transferred three genera formerly included in Synergini to other tribes - ''Ceroptres'' to a tribe of its own (Ceroptresini), and ''Periclistus'' and ''Synophromorpha'' to Diastrophini.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Ronquist F, Nieves-Aldrey JL, Buffington ML, Liu Z, Liljeblad J, Nylander JA|date=2015-05-20|title=Phylogeny, evolution and classification of gall wasps: the plot thickens|journal=PLOS ONE|volume=10|issue=5|article-number=e0123301|bibcode=2015PLoSO..1023301R|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0123301|pmc=4439057|pmid=25993346|doi-access=free}}</ref>
== Gall use == Members of Synergini have lost the ability to create their own galls, and instead make use of galls left behind by other wasps. As a result, they are classified as inquilines.<ref>Melika G, Ros-Farré P, Pénzes Z, Ács Z, Pujade-Villar J 2005. [http://actazool.nhmus.hu/51/4/melika.pdf Ufo abei Melika et Pujade-Villar (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini) new genus and new species from Japan.] Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 51 (4), 313–327.</ref> Species in Synergini usually make use of galls made by wasps in tribe Cynipini.<ref name=":1" />
== References == {{Wikispecies|Synergini}} {{Reflist}}
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Category:Cynipidae Category:Hymenoptera tribes
{{Cynipoidea-stub}}