33 Rua do Carmo, Funchal

{{short description|Historical building in Maderia, Portugal}} {{Use mdy dates|date=August 2024}} {{Infobox building | name = 33 Rua do Carmo | image = Funchal synagogue.jpeg | image_size = 250 | alt = | caption = Building at Rua do Carmo, 33 | coordinates = {{coord|32|39|01.7|N|16|54|17.4|W|region:PT_type:landmark|display=it}} | address = 33 Rua do Carmo, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal | years_built = | groundbreaking_date = | topped_out_date = | completion_date = 1836 | opened_date = | inauguration_date = | relocated_date = | renovation_date = | closing_date = | demolished_date = | cost = | owner = | height = | material = | size = | floor_count = | floor_area = | architect = | architecture_firm = | status = Built; Synagogue architecture | architectural_style = Moorish Revival | parking = | public_transit = | website = | references = | footnotes = }} '''33 Rua do Carmo''' is an historical building located at 33 Rua do Carmo, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal. It is likely that the building was built in 1836 in the Moorish Revival style as the '''Sha'ar Hashamayim Synagogue''' or '''Funchal Synagogue''', a former Jewish congregation and synagogue.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/madeira-portugal-jewish-history-tour#google_vignette |title=Funchal, Madeira, Portugal |work=Virtual Jewish World |date=n.d. |access-date=30 August 2024 }}</ref>

==History==

Jews from Morocco arrived in 1819 and set themselves up in the cloth and wine trades. The Abudarham family (originally from Gibraltar) were involved in the Madeira wine industry from the early 1860s onwards. Rabbi David Zaguri became its spiritual leader in 1857. Another period of immigration followed in the 20th century, with the arrival of refugees from the First and Second World Wars. The Jewish community also grew due to the Evacuation of the Gibraltarian civilian population during World War II to Madeira, which included a number of Jews, some of which are buried in the Jewish Cemetery of Funchal.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://jewishphotolibrary.smugmug.com/AFRICA/AFRICAislands/MADEIRA/PTFunchalJewishCemetery/i-MqcfhkQ |title=MADEIRA (Portugal), Funchal. Jewish Cemetery (8.2015) |author=David, Jono |work=HaChayim HaYehudim Jewish Photo Library |year=2015 |accessdate=2015-12-13}}</ref>

Tito Benady, a historian on Gibraltar Jewry, noted that when some 200 Jews from Gibraltar were evacuated as non combatants to Funchal, Madeira, at the start of World War II, they found a Jewish cemetery that belonged to the Abudarham family. The same family after whom the Abudarham Synagogue in Gibraltar was named.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://jewishwebsight.com/bin/articles.cgi?Area=jw&ID=JW1703 |title=Portuguese Crypto Jews |author=Kerem, Yitzchak |work=jewishwebsight.com |year=2015 |accessdate=2015-12-20}}</ref>

The Jewish Cemetery of Funchal located in nearby Rua do Lazareto, was built in 1851, the last burial took place in 1976.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.sephardicgen.com/databases/FunchalSrchFrm.html |title=The Jewish Cemetery of Funchal, Madeira |author=Malka, Jeffrey |work=SephardicGen |year=2010 |accessdate=2015-12-13}}</ref>

== See also == {{stack|{{portal|Judaism|Portugal}}}} * History of the Jews in Madeira * History of the Jews in Portugal * List of synagogues in Portugal

==References== {{reflist}}

== External links == {{commons category-inline}}

Category:Buildings and structures in Funchal Category:Gibraltarian diaspora Category:Jews and Judaism in Madeira Category:Moroccan diaspora in Europe Category:Moroccan-Jewish diaspora Funchal Synagogue Funchal Synagogue Funchal Synagogue Category:Moorish Revival architecture in Portugal Funchal Synagogue