Symbiopectobacterium

{{Short description|Genus of bacteria}} {{Automatic taxobox | taxon = Symbiopectobacterium | authority = Nadal et al. 2022 | type_species = ''Symbiopectobacterium purcellii''.<ref name=Symbiopectobacterium>{{cite web |title=Genus ''Symbiopectobacterium'' |url=https://lpsn.dsmz.de/genus/symbiopectobacterium |website=LPSN}}</ref> }} '''''Symbiopectobacterium''''' is a genus of [[bacteria]] which are all symbionts of [[arthropod]]s, particularly [[hemiptera]]n insects, as well as being described from [[nematode worm]]s. The first record of a member of this genus was the BEV strain (bacterium of ''Euscelidius variegatus'') isolated by Alexander Purcell from [[leafhopper]]s.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Purcell |first1=Alexander H. |last2=Steiner |first2=Theodore |last3=Mégraud |first3=Francis |last4=Bové |first4=Joseph |date=1986-07-01 |title=In vitro isolation of a transovarially transmitted bacterium from the leafhopper ''Euscelidius variegatus'' (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0022201186901448 |journal=Journal of Invertebrate Pathology |volume=48 |issue=1 |pages=66–73 |doi=10.1016/0022-2011(86)90144-8 |bibcode=1986JInvP..48...66P |issn=0022-2011|url-access=subscription }}</ref> The [[microbe]] showed both horizontal transmission between through plant surfaces and vertical transmission through eggs;<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Purcell |first1=A. H. |last2=Suslow |first2=K.G. |last3=Klein |first3=M. |date=1994-01-01 |title=Transmission via plants of an insect pathogenic bacterium that does not multiply or move in plants |url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00170111 |journal=Microbial Ecology |language=en |volume=27 |issue=1 |pages=19–26 |doi=10.1007/BF00170111 |pmid=24190165 |bibcode=1994MicEc..27...19P |issn=1432-184X|url-access=subscription }}</ref> infection of the leafhopper was thought to potentiate [[phytoplasm]] transmission from insect to plant.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Purcell |first1=Alexander H. |last2=Suslow |first2=Karen G. |date=November 1987 |title=Pathogenicity and effects on transmission of a mycoplasmalike organism of a transovarially infective bacterium on the leafhopper ''Euscelidius variegatus'' (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0022201187900942 |journal=Journal of Invertebrate Pathology |language=en |volume=50 |issue=3 |pages=285–290 |doi=10.1016/0022-2011(87)90094-2|bibcode=1987JInvP..50..285P |url-access=subscription }}</ref>

Strains allied to this genus (as based on 16S rRNA [[gene]] sequence and other markers) have also been retrieved from [[bedbug]]s<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Hypša |first1=V. |last2=Aksoy |first2=S. |date=1997 |title=Phylogenetic characterization of two transovarially transmitted endosymbionts of the bedbug ''Cimex lectularius'' (Heteroptera: Cimicidae) |url=https://resjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1365-2583.1997.00178.x |journal=Insect Molecular Biology |language=en |volume=6 |issue=3 |pages=301–304 |doi=10.1046/j.1365-2583.1997.00178.x |pmid=9272448 |issn=1365-2583|url-access=subscription }}</ref> and a range of other hemipteran insects. The bulrush bug ''[[Chilacis]]'' carries a related vertically transmitted symbiont housed in a gut mycetome, in what appears to be an obligate association.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Kuechler |first1=Stefan Martin |last2=Dettner |first2=Konrad |last3=Kehl |first3=Siegfried |date=May 2011 |title=Characterization of an Obligate Intracellular Bacterium in the Midgut Epithelium of the Bulrush Bug Chilacis typhae (Heteroptera, Lygaeidae, Artheneinae) |journal=Applied and Environmental Microbiology |volume=77 |issue=9 |pages=2869–2876 |doi=10.1128/AEM.02983-10 |pmc=3126425 |pmid=21378044|bibcode=2011ApEnM..77.2869K }}</ref> Latterly, the symbiont was described as an obligate symbiont of ''[[Howardula]]'' nematodes, where the name ''Ca.'' Symbiopectobacterium was first used.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Martinson |first1=Vincent G. |last2=Gawryluk |first2=Ryan M. R. |last3=Gowen |first3=Brent E. |last4=Curtis |first4=Caitlin I. |last5=Jaenike |first5=John |last6=Perlman |first6=Steve J. |date=2020-12-15 |title=Multiple origins of obligate nematode and insect symbionts by a clade of bacteria closely related to plant pathogens |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |volume=117 |issue=50 |pages=31979–31986 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2000860117 |doi-access=free |pmc=7749356 |pmid=33257562|bibcode=2020PNAS..11731979M }}</ref> The recovery of ''Symbiopectobacterium'' into pure culture from the insect ''[[Empoasca decipiens]]'' led to its formal description as a bacterial genus.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Nadal-Jimenez |first1=Pol |last2=Siozios |first2=Stefanos |last3=Halliday |first3=Nigel |last4=Cámara |first4=Miguel |last5=Hurst |first5=Gregory D. D. |date=2022 |title=Symbiopectobacterium purcellii, gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from the leafhopper ''Empoasca decipiens'' |url=https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijsem.0.005440 |journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology |volume=72 |issue=6 |pages=005440 |doi=10.1099/ijsem.0.005440 |pmid=35695864 |issn=1466-5034}}</ref>

== References ==

[[Category:Enterobacteriaceae]] [[Category:Bacteria genera]] [[Category:Taxa described in 2022]] [[Category:Gram-negative bacteria]]