{{Short description|Town in Bihar}} {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2018}} {{Use Indian English|date=April 2018}} {{Infobox settlement | name = Sursand | other_name = | nickname = | settlement_type = Town | image_skyline = Sursand temple 3.jpg | image_size = 320px | image_caption = An ancient temple locally known as Choraut Mandir in Sursand | pushpin_map = India Bihar | pushpin_label_position = right | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Bihar, India | coordinates = {{coord|26|39|0|N|85|43|0|E|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|India}} | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = Bihar | subdivision_type2 = Region | subdivision_name2 = Mithila | subdivision_type3 = District | subdivision_name3 = Sitamarhi | established_title = <!-- Established --> | established_date = | founder = | named_for = | government_type = Nagar Panchayat | governing_body = | unit_pref = Metric | area_footnotes = | area_rank = | area_total_km2 = | elevation_m = 55 | elevation_footnotes = <ref>{{Cite web |title=Maps, Weather, and Airports for Sursand, India |url=https://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/34/Sursand.html |access-date=16 August 2021 | website=Falling Rain}}</ref> | population_total = 29688 | population_as_of = 2011 | population_rank = | population_density_km2 = auto | population_demonym = | population_footnotes = | demographics_type1 = Languages | demographics1_title1 = Official | demographics1_info1 = Maithili, Hindi | timezone1 = IST | utc_offset1 = +5:30 | postal_code_type = <!-- PIN --> | postal_code = 843331 | registration_plate = BR-30 | blank1_name_sec1 = Coastline | blank1_info_sec1 = {{Convert|0|km|mi}} | website = | footnotes = | official_name = | demographics_type2 = }}{{Related|Valmikeshwar Nath Mahadev Mandir|Swarna Rani Mandir, Sursand|Mithilapuri Jain Teerth}} '''Sursand''' is an Indian town in the Mithila region of Bihar near the Indo-Nepal border. It was previously the capital of the Sursand Raj in the region. It is about 25 Km to the east of Sitamarhi, the district headquarters, and approximately 5 Km to the west of Bhitthamore.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sursand News, Sursand की ताज़ा ख़बर, Sursand हिंदी न्यूज़ page1|url=https://www.livehindustan.com/tags/sursand|access-date=2021-02-04|website=Hindustan|language=hi}}</ref>
==History== The village has the ruins of a fortress known as Sursandgarh, which was constructed during the Mughal period by King Sursen.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TEdpwKpTYqsC&q=sursandgarh | page=147 | title=Systems of rural settlements in developing countries | first=R. B. | last=Mandal | year=1989 | publisher=Concept Publishing | isbn=9788170222033 | accessdate=26 April 2018 }}</ref>
According to an account published in the ''Bengal District Gazetteers'', <blockquote> The name of the place is said to be derived from Sur Sen, a chieftain who once lived there. After his death, it lapsed once more into jungle, until it was reclaimed by two brothers—Mahesh Jha and Amar Jha, the founders of the present Sursand family. These brothers, the story runs, left their home at Ghograha, in the district of Darbhanga, and came to settle at Jadupati, a village belonging to them, 8 miles from Sursand. One day Mahesh Jha went with his astrologer to hunt in the woods at Sursand, and came across the ruins of Sur Sen's fort. The astrologer having told him that the man who made a home there would be a Raja, Mahesh Jha acted on his advice and cleared the jungle. The several branches of the Sursand family sprang from his son, Chaudhri Kelwal Krishna. Amar Jha's branch did not prosper, and his descendants are impoverished. Chaudhri Hirdai Narayan, a descendant of the elder branch, added largely to the family estates.<ref>{{cite book|title=Bengal District Gazetteers|volume=34|issue=1|page=159|year=1907|publisher=The Bengal Secretariat Book Depôt|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LRMmAQAAIAAJ&q=sursand+nepal}}</ref> </blockquote>
==Gallery== thumb|Famous pond in Sursand
thumb|Sursand Palace in ruins
thumb|A Hindu temple in Sursand
==Archaeological geography== In the outskirts of the modern town, the area locally known as Garh Devi Sthan has a three-metre high circular mound covering about two acres of ground.<ref>{{cite book|title=Archaeological Geography of the Ganga Plain: The Lower and the Middle Ganga|page=200|year=2001|publisher= Orient Blackswan|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=OEZe-wAIiKIC&q=SURSAND&pg=PA200|isbn=9788178240169}}</ref>
== Proposed railway station == In the town of Sursand, a railway station has been proposed by the Indian Railways. It will be a major railway station on the proposed Sitamarhi-Jaynagar-Nirmali Via Sursand Railway Line.<ref>{{Cite news |title=परिहार-सुरसंड को पहली बार मिलेगी रेल सुविधा:सीतामढ़ी-जयनगर-निर्मली-सुरसंड रेललाइन निर्माण प्रक्रिया शुरू, फरवरी में होगा फील्ड सर्वे |url=https://www.bhaskar.com/local/bihar/sitamarhi/parihar/news/sitamarhi-jayanagar-nirmali-sursand-rail-line-construction-begins-field-survey-february-137096168.html |work=Dainik Bhaskar}}</ref>
==Notable people == Shyam Nandan Prasad Mishra served as the Union Deputy Minister for Planning from 1954 to 1962.
== Schools and College == Jawahar Lal Neharu Memorial College, Nawahi, Sitamarhi * * *
==References== {{reflist}}
==External links== *[http://www.india9.com/i9show/Sursand-67102.htm About Sursand] *[http://www.maplandia.com/india/bihar/sitamarhi/sursand/ Satellite map of Sursand] *[https://books.google.com/books?id=LRMmAQAAIAAJ&q=sursand+nepal Bengal district gazetteers 1901]
Category:Cities and towns in Sitamarhi district Category:Transit and customs posts along the India–Nepal border