{{Short description|River in Iran and Turkmenistan}} The '''Sumbar''' (also '''Sari-su''', '''Sara-su''' and '''Ṣáríṣú''') is a fast flowing river in southern [[Turkmenistan]] and northern [[Iran]]. It is a tributary of the [[Atrek]]. The name [[Sari-su (disambiguation)|Sari-su]] means ''yellow water'' in Turkic languages, but is applied to a number of other rivers as well. It used to be an area for [[Caspian tiger]]s<ref name=Geptner>Geptner, V. G., Sludskij, A. A. (1972). ''Mlekopitajuščie Sovetskogo Soiuza.'' Vysšaia Škola, Moskva. (In Russian; English translation: Heptner, V.G., Sludskii, A. A., Komarov, A., Komorov, N.; Hoffmann, R. S. (1992). [https://books.google.com/books?id=UxWZ-OmTqVoC&pg=PA83 ''Mammals of the Soviet Union. Vol III: Carnivores (Feloidea).''] Smithsonian Institution and the National Science Foundation, Washington DC).</ref> in Turkmenistan, until the last individual was killed in January 1954.
==Geography== The Sumbar is {{convert|245|km|mi}} long and drains a basin of {{convert|8300|km2|mi2}}. It arises in the [[Kopet Dag]] mountains in Iran and flows into Turkmenistan. For a long stretch before the Sumbar runs into the Atrek, it is separated from the latter by a range of hills called the Marábeh.<ref>Fraser, James Baillie (1838) "Notes on the Country Lying between the Meridians of 55° and 64° East, and Embracing a Section of the Elburz Mountains in Northern Khorásán" ''Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London'' 8: pp. 308-316, p. 310</ref> The Atrek becomes part of the Turkmenistan-Iran border where the Sumbar flows into it, at {{coord|37|59|28|N|55|16|29|E|}}.
== See also == * [[Chandyr River]] * [[Battle of Geok Tepe (1879)]]
==Notes== <!--<nowiki> See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Footnotes for an explanation of how to generate footnotes using the <ref> and </ref> tags. </nowiki>--> {{Reflist}}
==References== :''This article includes content derived from the article [http://encycl.yandex.ru/art.xml?art=bse/00076/42000.htm&encpage=bse&mrkp=http%3A//hghltd.yandex.com/yandbtm%3Furl%3Dhttp%253A//encycl.yandex.ru/texts/bse/00076/42000.htm%26text%3D%25D1%25F3%25EC%25E1%25E0%25F0%26reqtext%3D%25D1%25F3%25EC%25E1%25E0%25F0%253A%253A1819103916%26%26isu%3D2 "Сумбар" ] in the [[Great Soviet Encyclopedia]], 1969–1978.''
{{Rivers of Turkmenistan}} {{Authority control}}
[[Category:Rivers of Turkmenistan]] [[Category:International rivers of Asia]] [[Category:Rivers of Iran]] [[Category:Caspian Sea basin]]
{{Turkmenistan-river-stub}} {{Iran-river-stub}}