Razdolnaya

{{Other uses|Razdolny (disambiguation){{!}}Razdolny}} {{Infobox river | name = Razdolnaya, Suifen | image = Razdolnaya River from Baranovsky volcano.jpg | image_caption = | source1_location = Confluence of Xiaosuifen and Dasuifen rivers | mouth = Sea of Japan | mouth_location = Amur Bay | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|43|19|32|N|131|48|28|E|type:river_source:kolossus-ruwiki|display=it}} | subdivision_type1 = Country | subdivision_name1 = People's Republic of China, Russia | length_km = 242 | source1_elevation = {{convert|880|m|ft|abbr=on}} | mouth_elevation = {{convert|0|m|ft|abbr=on}} | discharge1_avg = {{convert|81.3|m3/s|cuft/s|abbr=on}} (near mouth) | basin_size_km2 = 16830 }} The '''Razdolnaya''' ({{langx|ru|Раздольная}}, formerly: Суйфун ''Suyfun'')<ref>[https://rosreestr.ru/upload/Doc/21-upr/237%20%D0%A1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8%D0%A1%D0%9D%D0%93.pdf Словарь названий гидрографических объектов России и других стран — членов СНГ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306131810/https://rosreestr.ru/upload/Doc/21-upr/237%20%D0%A1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8%D0%A1%D0%9D%D0%93.pdf |date=2016-03-06 }}, Federal Service for Geodesy and Cartography of Russia, 1999, p. 312</ref> or '''Suifen''' ({{zh|s=绥芬河|t=綏芬河|p=Suífēn Hé}}) is a river in People's Republic of China and Russia. It flows into the Amur Bay of the Sea of Japan.<ref>[http://bse.sci-lib.com/article095149.html Раздольная], Great Soviet Encyclopedia</ref>

==The name== ''Suifen'' is the Manchu word {{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠰᡠᡳ᠌ᡶ᠋ᡠᠨ}} ''(suifun)'' for awl,<ref>{{cite book |author = Захаров И. И. |title = Полный Маньчжурско-Русский словарь (Complete Manchu-Russian dictionary) |location = СПб. |publisher = Наука |year = 1875 |pages = 1014 |isbn = |url = https://altaica.ru/LIBRARY/MANCHU/zakharov.pdf |archivedate = 2022-08-29 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20220829224307/https://altaica.ru/LIBRARY/MANCHU/zakharov.pdf }}</ref> referring to the shape of a species of ''Oncomelania'' snail.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.suifenhe.gov.cn/English/y_sfhjs/y_lsyg.htm |title=........: Suifenhe City of China :...... |website=www.suifenhe.gov.cn |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070101015436/http://www.suifenhe.gov.cn/English/y_sfhjs/y_lsyg.htm |archive-date=2007-01-01}} </ref>

In Russian, the river was originally known under the same Manchu / Chinese name (rendered as Суйфун (Suifun) in Russian). In 1972, in the aftermath of the Zhenbao Island incident (1969), toponyms of Chinese origin in Primorsky Krai were replaced en masse with newly designed Russian names; as part of this project, the Russian part of the Suifen received the name ''Razdolnaya'', which can be translated from Russian as "widely flowing".

==Geography== The source of the Suifen is the confluence of the Xiaosuifen (Lesser Suifen) River and the Dasuifen (Greater Suifen) River in Heilongjiang.

Suifenhe City was named after the Chinese name of the river. Downstream of the city, the river enters Russian territory, and flows into Amur Bay through Khanka Lowlands.

The length of the river is {{convert|245|km|mi}}, of which {{convert|191|km|mi}} is in Russia; the drainage basin covers {{convert|16830|km2|mi2}}.<ref name=gvr>{{GVR|297535|Река Суйфун}}</ref>

The major tributaries of the river are the Granitnaya (99 km), the Borisovka (86 km) and the Komarovka (76 km, main tributary Rakovka).<ref>[http://primpogoda.ru/articles/reki_primorya/reka_razdolnaya/ primpogoda.ru]</ref> The city Ussuriysk was founded in 1866 at the confluence of the Suifen and Komarovka rivers.

==References== {{reflist}}

Category:Drainage basins of the Sea of Japan Category:Rivers of Heilongjiang Category:Rivers of Primorsky Krai