{{Short description|Province of Nepal}} {{Use dmy dates|date=May 2019}} {{Infobox settlement | name = Sudurpashchim Province | native_name = सुदूरपश्चिम प्रदेश | native_name_lang = ne | settlement_type = [[Provinces of Nepal|Province]] | motto = Collaborate Locally to Compete Globally<ref>https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/TTP/article/view/52562/39371</ref> | etymology = Farwest Region | image_skyline = {{ Photomontage | photo1a = Mt Saipal.png | photo2a = Api Nampa.JPG | photo2b = Ghoda Ghodi Lake.JPG | photo3a = Beautiful lake located at the far-west Nepal.jpg | photo3b = Suklaphanta Wildlife Reserve 1.jpg | photo4a = Badimalika Temple, Bajura, Nepal.jpg | spacing = 1 | position = centre | size = 300 | foot_montage = Clockwise from top <br /> [[Saipal]], [[Ghodaghodi Tal|Ghodaghodi Lake]], [[Swamp deer]] at [[Shuklaphanta National Park]], [[Badimalika Temple]], [[Khaptad Lake]], [[Api (mountain)|Api Himal]] }} | image_seal = Emblem of Sudurpashchim Province.png | seal_size = | imagesize = | image_caption = | image_map = Nepal Sudurpashchim Pradesh.svg | mapsize = 300px | map_caption = Location of Sudurpashchim Province (claimed [[Kalapani territory]] in light red) {{maplink|frame=yes|frame-align=center|plain=yes|frame-width=265|type=shape|stroke-width=2|stroke-color=#000000|zoom=6}} | image_map1 = <div class="center">{{Sudurpashchim Province districts labelled map}}</div> | mapsize1 = 300px | map_caption1 = Divisions of Sudurpashchim Province (claimed Kalapani territory in [[Darchula District]] marked) | coordinates = {{Coord|28|42|12|N|80|34|01|E|type:adm1st_source:itwiki_region:NP|display=title,inline}} | subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]] | subdivision_name = {{flag|Nepal}} | seat_type = [[Capital city|Capital]] <br/> [[Temporary capital]] | seat = [[Godawari, Kailali|Godawari]] <br/> [[Dhangadhi]] | seat1_type = Largest city | seat1 = [[Dhangadhi]] | parts_type = [[List of districts of Nepal|Districts]] | parts_style = para | p1 = [[#Districts|9]] | governing_body = [[Provincial governments of Nepal|Government of Sudurpashchim Province]] | leader_title = [[Governor (Nepal)|Governor]] | leader_name = [[Najir Miya]] | leader_title1 = [[Chief minister (Nepal)|Chief Minister]] | leader_name1 = [[Kamal Bahadur Shah]] ([[Nepali Congress|Congress]]) | leader_title2 = High Court | leader_name2 = Dipayal High Court | leader_title3 = [[Provincial Assembly of Sudurpashchim Province|Provincial Assembly]] | leader_name3 = [[Unicameralism|Unicameral]] (53 seats) | leader_title4 = [[Federal Parliament of Nepal|Parliamentary constituency]] | leader_name4 = [[Pratinidhi Sabha|House of Representatives]] ([[1st Federal Parliament of Nepal#Members of the House of Representatives|16 seats]])<br/>[[Rastriya Sabha|National Assembly]] ([[1st Federal Parliament of Nepal#Members of the National Assembly|8 seats]]) | government_footnotes = | established_title = Formation | established_date = 20 September 2015 | area_footnotes = {{efn|{{Convert|19,999.28|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} including claimed territory.}} | area_total_km2 = 19,999.28 | area_rank = [[Provinces of Nepal#List of provinces of Nepal|6th]] | population_as_of = 2021 | population_footnotes = | population_note = | population_total = 2694783 | population_urban = 62.4% | population_rural = 37.6% | population_rank = [[List of Nepalese provinces by Population|5th]] | population_density_km2 = auto | population_density_rank = [[List of Nepalese provinces by Population|5th]] | population_demonym = Sudur Pashchimeli [[Nepalis|Nepali]] | blank_name_sec1 = [[Languages of Nepal|Official language]] | blank_info_sec1 = [[Nepali language|Nepali]] | blank1_name_sec1 = [[Languages of Nepal|Other Official language(s)]] | blank1_info_sec1 = # [[Doteli language|Doteli]] # [[Tharu languages|Tharu (Rana)]] | blank_name_sec2 = [[Human Development Index|HDI]] | blank_info_sec2 = 0.478 ({{color|#900|low}}) | blank1_name_sec2 = HDI rank | blank1_info_sec2 = | blank2_name_sec2 = [[Literacy]] | blank2_info_sec2 = {{increase}}76.2% (2024) | blank3_name_sec2 = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]] | blank3_info_sec2 = 91.25 [[Male|♂]] /100 [[females|♀]] (2011) | blank4_name_sec2 = [[GDP]] | blank4_info_sec2 = US$3.5 billion | blank5_name_sec2 = [[List of Nepalese provinces by GDP|GDP rank]] | blank5_info_sec2 = [[List of Nepalese provinces by GDP|6th]] | timezone = [[Nepal Time|NST]] | utc_offset = +5:45 | latd = | latm = | lats = | longd = | longm = | longs = | elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags--> | elevation_m = | elevation_max_m = 7,132 | elevation_min_m = 109 | elevation_min_point = | elevation_max_point =[[Api (mountain)| Mount Api]]<ref>{{cite web | title=Federation of Nepalese Chambers of Commerce & Industry - Sudur Paschim Province | url=https://sudurpaschim.fncci.org/province-profile.php }}</ref> | length_km = | width_km = | postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --> | postal_code = | area_code = | geocode = NP-SE | website = [https://ocmcm.sudurpashchim.gov.np/ sudurpashchim.gov.np] | footnotes = | official_name = | government_type = [[Autonomy|Self governing province]] }}
'''Sudurpashchim Province''' ({{langx|ne|सुदूरपश्चिम प्रदेश|Sudūrapaścima pradeśa|Far-West Province}}) is one of the seven [[Provinces of Nepal|provinces]] established by the [[Constitution of Nepal|new constitution]] of [[Nepal]] which was adopted on 20 September 2015.<ref name="statoids">{{cite web|url=http://www.statoids.com/unp.html|title=Nepal Provinces |publisher=statoids.com|access-date=21 March 2016}}</ref> It borders the [[Tibet Autonomous Region]] of [[China]] to the north, [[Karnali Province]] and [[Lumbini Province]] to the east, and [[India|India's]] states of [[Uttarakhand]] and [[Uttar Pradesh]] to the west and south, respectively. The province covers an area of {{Convert|19,999.28|km2|mi2|abbr=on}}, or about 13.55% of the country's total area.
Initially known as '''Province No. 7''', the newly elected Provincial Assembly adopted Sudurpashchim Province as the permanent name for the province in September 2018. As per a 28 September 2018 Assembly voting, the city of [[Godawari, Kailali|Godawari]] was declared the capital of the province, but Dhangadhi serves as the temporary capital.<ref>{{cite web |title=Prov 7 named Sudurpashchim amid objection from NC, RJP |url=https://thehimalayantimes.com/nepal/prov-7-named-Sudurpashchim-amid-objection-from-nc-rjp/ |newspaper=The Himalayan Times |access-date=1 October 2018 |date=28 September 2018 |archive-date=22 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221122134125/https://thehimalayantimes.com/nepal/prov-7-named-Sudurpashchim-amid-objection-from-nc-rjp/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Province 7 named Sudurpashchim, Godawari capital |url=https://kathmandupost.ekantipur.com/news/2018-09-28/province-7-named-sudurpashchim-godawari-capital.html |newspaper=The Kathmandu Post |access-date=1 October 2018 |date=28 September 2018}}</ref> The province is coterminous with the former [[Far-Western Development Region, Nepal]]. The three major cities in terms of population and economy are Dhangadhi, Bhimdutta (Mahendranagar), and Tikapur.<ref>{{cite web|title=Nepal Provinces|url=http://www.statoids.com/unp.html|website=www.statoids.com}}</ref>
==History== {{See also|Doti|Far-Western Development Region, Nepal}} [[File:Nepal Sudurpashchim Pradesh rel location map.svg|thumb|left|Topography of Sudurpashchim Province]]
Doti was an [[ancient]] kingdom in the far western region of [[Kumaon Kingdom|Kumaon]] which was formed after the disintegration of the [[Katyuri Kings|Katyuri]] [[Monarchy|Kingdom]] of [[Kumaon Kingdom|Kumaon]] around the 13th century.<ref>Dr.Y.S Kathoch, A New History of Uttarakhand; On Katyuri Dynasty "Around,13th Century Katyuri Dynasty established in Ranachulihat was broken into many sections" Doti was among them</ref> Doti was one of eight different [[princely states]] the Katyuri Kingdom was divided into eight for their eight prince's and became different independent kingdoms; [[Baijnath, Uttarakhand|Baijnath]]-Katyuri, [[Dwarahat]], Doti, Baramandal, [[Askot]], [[Didihat|Sira]], Sora, Sui (Kali Kumaon). Later on, the whole land between [[Ramganga]] on the west ([[Uttarakhand]]) and the [[Ghaghara River|Karnali]] on the east (which divides the far western region from other parts of Nepal), came under the Raikas after the origin of Raikas of [[Katyuri Kings|Katyuris]] in Doti.<ref>Advin T. Atkinson; Gazetteer Hindi Edition (2003); He wrote (Page 274) Whole territory to the east of Ram gang was belongs to Raikas during the late 16th century.</ref> "Brahma Dev Mandi" at [[Kanchanpur District]] of [[Mahakali Zone]] was established by Katyuri king Brahma Dev.<ref>Dr. Madam Chandra Bhatt; A New History of Uttarakhand (2006): " Champawat ke Chand Raja.</ref>
===Raikas of Doti=== Niranjan Malla Dev was the founder of Doti [[Monarchy|Kingdom]] around the 13th century after the fall of the [[Katyuri Kings|Katyuri]] Kingdom. He was the son of Last Katyuris of united [[Katyuri Kings|Katyuris]] kingdom.<ref>Dr. Y. S. Kathoch; A New History of Uttarakhand (2006). Founder of Doti was Niranjan Mall Dev.</ref>
Kings of Doti were called Raikas (also Rainka Maharaj).<ref>[[Badri Datt Pandey]]; History of Kumaun (1937)</ref>
=== Mughal invasion === During the period of [[Akbar]]'s rule in the 16th century, the [[Mughal Empire|Mughals]] had attacked the Raikas of Doti. They invaded Ajemeru, the capital of the Raika Kingdom. Ajemeru is now in [[Dadeldhura District]] of the far western region of [[Nepal]]. Hussain Khan, army chief of Akbar residing in [[Lucknow]] had led the attack. According to [[ʽAbd al-Qadir Badayuni|`Abd al-Qadir Badayuni]] (c. 1540–1615), Indo-Persian historian during [[Mughal Empire]], Mughal Army chief of Lucknow, Hussian Khan, lured by the wealth and treasures of the kingdom of the Raikas, wanted to plunder the region, this being the motive behind the assault, but they did not succeed.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://thekumaonhills.com/kumaon-history/ |title=Kumaon History |publisher=Thekumaonhills.com |date=29 March 1947 |access-date=4 June 2015 |archive-date=19 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200219064757/http://thekumaonhills.com/kumaon-history/ |url-status=dead}}</ref>
=== Khairgarh-Singhai State === Raja Deep Shahi was expelled from Nepal in 1790 A.D and on arriving at [[Terai]] of [[Oudh State|Oudh]] (now Lakhimpur Kheri District of Uttar Pradesh of India) he established Khairgarh-Singhai State in Khairigarh under [[British Raj|British India]].<ref>[http://members.iinet.net.au/~royalty/ips/k/khairigarh]{{dead link|date=December 2019}}</ref>
== Geography == Sudurpashchim Province covers 19,539 km<sup>2</sup> i.e. 13.22% of the total area of the country. In the total area of the province, the mountainous terrain is 7,932.834 square km. (40.60%), hilly terrain 6,748.7706 km<sup>2</sup>. (34.54%) and Terai area is 4,857.3954 km<sup>2</sup>. (24.86%) belongs to This province has more mountainous and mountainous terrain. This province is located in the far western part of the state of Nepal. Two districts of this province ([[Kailali District|Kailali]] and [[Kanchanpur District|Kanchanpur]]) are located in Terai region, four ([[Doti District|Doti]], [[Dadeldhura District|Dadeldhura]], [[Achham District|Achham]], and [[Baitadi District|Baitadi]]) are in hilly region and three ([[Darchula District|Darchula]], [[Bajhang District|Bajhang]], and [[Bajura District|Bajura]]) are in the Himalayan region.<ref name="Sudurpashchim 2022">{{Cite web |title=प्रदेश परिचय {{!}} प्रदेश प्रमुखको कार्यालय |lang=ne |url=http://oph.sudurpashchim.gov.np/index.php/node/170 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220712000329/http://oph.sudurpashchim.gov.np/index.php/node/170 |archive-date=12 July 2022 |website=oph.sudurpashchim.gov.np}}</ref> [[Ghaghara|Karnali River]] flows in the east, [[Seti River]] in the mid and [[Sharda River|Mahakali River]] flows to the west of this province.
In addition to its directly administered territory in Sudurpashchim Pradesh, Nepal claims the Indian-administered territories of [[Kalapani territory|Kalapani]] and northern [[Kuthi Valley]], which it jointly calls "Kalapani–Lympiadhura territory". The Government of Nepal websites give the area of 19,999.28 km<sup>2</sup> for the province including these territories.<ref name="invest.sudurpashchim">{{Cite web |title=About Sudurpashchim Province |url=https://invest.sudurpashchim.gov.np/pages/about-sudurpashchim |publisher=invest.sudurpashchim.gov.np |access-date=24 August 2025}}</ref>
=== Mountains === Mt. [[Api (mountain)|Api]] (7132 m.), Mt. [[Saipal]] (7025m), [[Bobaye]](6,808m), [[Nampa (mountain)|Nampa]] (6755m), [[Om Parvat]] (5590m) and [[Jethi Bahurani]] (6850m) are the major mountain peaks of this province.
{| class="wikitable" |+Highest peaks of Sudurpaschim Province !Mountains !Elevation (meters) !District !Range !Additional information |- |[[Api (mountain)|Api]] |7,132 |[[Darchula District]] |Yoka Pahar [[Gurans Himal]] |First ascent in 1960 AD |- |[[Saipal]] |7,031 |[[Bajhang District]] |Western Nepal Himalaya |First ascent in 1960 AD |- |[[Jethi Bahurani]] |6,850 |[[Darchula District|Darchula]]/[[Bajhang District|Bajhang]] |[[Himalayas]] |First ascent in 1978 AD<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Annapurna |first=Kris |date=2022-02-25 |title=Gurans Himal: Stories From the Far Western Himalaya » Explorersweb |url=https://explorersweb.com/gurans-himal-stories-from-the-far-western-himalaya/ |access-date=2023-08-04 |website=Explorersweb}}</ref> |- |[[Bobaye]] |6,808 |[[Darchula District|Darchula]]/[[Bajhang District|Bajhang]] |Byas Rishi Himal |First ascent in 1996 AD |- |[[Nampa (mountain)|Nampa]] |6,755 |[[Darchula District|Darchula]] |[[Gurans Himal|Gurans]] |First ascent in 1972 AD<ref name=":1" /> |- |[[Om Parvat]] ||5,590 |[[Darchula District|Darchula]] |[[Himalayas]] |First ascent in 2004 AD |}
== Government and administration == {{Further|Administration in Sudurpashchim Province|Provincial Assembly of Sudurpashchim Province|Second Kamal Bahadur Shah cabinet{{!}}Cabinet of Sudurpashchim Province}}
The Governor acts as the head of the province while the Chief Minister is the head of the provincial government. The Chief Judge of the Dipayal High Court is the head of the judiciary.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://kathmandupost.ekantipur.com/news/2016-09-19/high-courts-get-their-chief-judges.html|title=High Courts get their chief judges|access-date=27 April 2018|language=en}}</ref> The present Governor, Chief Minister and Chief Judge are [[Ganga Prasad Yadav]] (governor), [[Kamal Bahadur Shah]] (chief minister) and Yagya Prasad Basyal.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://thehimalayantimes.com/nepal/trilochan-bhatta-becomes-province-7-chief-minister/|title=Trilochan Bhatta becomes Province 7 chief minister|date=16 February 2018|work=The Himalayan Times|access-date=28 April 2018|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://ddnews.gov.in/international/president-nepal-administers-oath-chiefs-seven-provinces|title=President of Nepal administers oath to Chiefs of seven provinces {{!}} DD News|website=ddnews.gov.in|language=en|access-date=27 April 2018}}</ref> The province has 53 [[Pradesh Sabha|provincial assembly constituencies]] and 16 [[House of Representatives (Nepal)|House of Representative constituencies]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://thehimalayantimes.com/nepal/constituency-delimitation-commission-creates-495-constituencies/|title=CDC creates 495 constituencies|date=31 August 2017|work=The Himalayan Times|access-date=27 April 2018|language=en-US}}</ref>
Sudurpashchim Province has a [[Unicameralism|unicameral]] legislature, like all of the other provinces in Nepal. The term length of the provincial assembly is five years. The [[Provincial Assembly of Sudurpashchim Province]] is temporarily housed at the District Coordination Committee Hall in [[Dhangadhi]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://thehimalayantimes.com/nepal/preparations-way-provincial-assembly-meeting/|title=Preparations underway for assembly meeting|date=31 January 2018|work=The Himalayan Times|access-date=28 April 2018|language=en-US}}</ref>
== Administrative subdivisions == {{See also|Districts of Nepal|List of cities in Nepal|List of gaunpalikas of Nepal}} [[File:Province No.7.png|thumb|District map of Sudurpashchim Province|242x242px|right]]
The province is divided into nine districts, which are listed below. A district is administrated by the head of the [[District Coordination Committee]] and the District Administration Officer. The districts are further divided into municipalities or rural municipalities. The municipalities include one sub-metropolitan city and 33 municipalities. There are 54 rural municipalities in the province.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://103.69.124.141|title=स्थानिय तह|website=103.69.124.141|access-date=27 April 2018}}</ref>
# [[Achham District]] # [[Baitadi District]] # [[Bajhang District]] # [[Bajura District]] # [[Dadeldhura District]] # [[Darchula District]] # [[Doti District]] # [[Kailali District]] # [[Kanchanpur District]]
== Tourism ==
===Baidyanath Dham=== [[File:BaidyanathDham Achham1.jpg|thumb|left|Baidyanath Dham]]
Baidyanath Dham, one of the four shrines of Nepal,<ref>{{Cite web |title=अगाडि बढ्दै अत्तरिया |accessdate=2020-08-15 |url=http://annapurnapost.com/news/58596}}</ref> is a shrine of [[Shiva]] located in [[Achham District]] in the confluence of the Budhi Ganga and Saraswati rivers in Achham district.<ref name="republica20">{{Cite web |last=Khatri |first=Khamma |title=Achham celebrates Makar Sakranti performing cultural dances |work=My Republica |accessdate=2020-08-15 |url=http://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/57420/}}</ref> The shrine has a school to teach [[Vedas|Ved]] called ''Ved Bidyashram''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=अछामको वैद्यनाथमा दर्शनार्थी बढ्दै |agency=Radio Nepal |accessdate=2020-08-15 |url=http://www.onlineradionepal.gov.np/2019/11/18/28539.html}}</ref> In 2020, the government allocated NPR 2 million for Baidyanath Dham to upgrade Ved Bidyashram.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Setopati |first=Setopati |title=Oli govt doles out Rs 13.9m in three months |work=Setopati |accessdate=2020-08-15 |url=https://en.setopati.com/political/123760/}}</ref>
== Education == According to the census of 2021, Sudurpashchim's literacy rate is 76.2%. 83.6% of males and 69.4% of females are literate.<ref>{{Cite web |title=literacy {{!}} national_population and housing_census_year results |url=https://censusnepal.cbs.gov.np/results/literacy |access-date=2023-08-03 |website=censusnepal.cbs.gov.np}}</ref>
[[Sudurpaschim University]] is a university in Nepal, located in Mahendranagar, Kanchanpur. It was established in August 2010 (2067 BS) by the Act of the Constituent Assembly by the Government of Nepal. It came into operation in 2011, after the appointment of the university officials. Additionally, the Agriculture Dean and branch is served in Tikapur. Prime Minister of Nepal serves as the Chancellor of the university.
; Shaheed Dashrath Chand National University of Health Sciences
Geta Medical College, which is located in Dhangadhi, Kailali district of Nepal, is set to be promoted as Nepal's first national health science university. The university will be named after Shaheed Dasharath Chand, a martyr in Nepal's struggle for democracy. Prime Minister Pushpa Kamal Dahal, also known as Prachanda, announced this during a program organized by Geta Medical College. By Ashadh 2080, 12 structures' construction projects are expected to be finished. The college's construction has cost a total of Rs 5.4 billion so far.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://insightsnp.com/all-universities-in-nepal/ |title=All 16 Universities in Nepal |date=7 April 2023}}</ref>
'''Kailali Multiple Campus''' [[File:Kailali Campus dhg.jpg|thumb|Kailali Multiple Campus]]
* '''Kailali Multiple Campus''' ({{langx|ne|कैलाली बहुमुखी क्याम्पस}}) is one of the constituent campuses of [[Far-western University]] located in [[Dhangadi]] of western [[Nepal]].<ref name="dd01">{{Cite web |title=कैलाली बहुमुखी क्याम्पस बन्यो सुप विश्वविद्यालयको आङ्गिक |work=देशसञ्चार |accessdate=8 April 2021 |date=18 January 2021 |url=https://deshsanchar.com/2021/01/18/463863/}}</ref> The campus was established in 1980 as a constituent campuses of [[Tribhuvan University]], however the affiliation was changed in 2021 based on government decision.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Collegenp |title=Dhankuta Multiple Campus, Dhankuta |accessdate=13 March 2021 |url=https://www.collegenp.com/college/dhankuta-multiple-campus-dhankuta/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Sandeep |title=Students padlock exam controller's office in Kailali |work=The Himalayan Times |accessdate=8 April 2021 |date=10 December 2020 |url=https://thehimalayantimes.com/nepal/students-padlock-exam-controllers-office-in-kailali}}</ref> The campus is recognized by [[University Grants Commission (Nepal)|University Grants Commission]] since {{NepaliDateConverter|nepaliyear=2075}}.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kailali Multiple Campus |accessdate=8 April 2021 |url=http://kailalicampus.edu.np/About%20Us/Historical%20Achievement%20-%20QAA%20Certification}}</ref>
'''Doti Multiple Campus''' * '''Doti Multiple Campus''' ({{langx|ne|डोटी बहुमुखी क्याम्पस}}) is one of the constituent campuses of [[Tribhuvan University]] located in [[Doti district]] of western [[Nepal]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=क्युएएका लागि डोटी बहुमुखी क्याम्पसको प्रि–भिजिट समिक्षा |work=Godawari News |accessdate=2021-03-30 |url=https://www.godawarinews.com/others/education/4859}}</ref> The campus was established in 1961(2017 [[Bikram Sambat|BS]]). It is recognized by [[University Grants Commission (Nepal)]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=LIST OF THE "SSR APPROVED" HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN NEPAL, 2076/077 |accessdate=13 March 2021 |url=https://ugcnepal.edu.np/uploads/web-uploadsfiles/SSR%20Approved%20HEIs.pdf/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=डोटी क्याम्पसलाई पुस्तक सहयोग - News for all |accessdate=2021-03-30 |url=https://samraikhabar.com/%e0%a4%a1%e0%a5%8b%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%80-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%af%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%ae%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%aa%e0%a4%b8%e0%a4%b2%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%88-%e0%a4%aa%e0%a5%81%e0%a4%b8%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%a4%e0%a4%95/}}</ref>
== Sports == {{Unsourced section|date=March 2025}}
* The [[Dhangadhi]] city has its own cricket league, Dhangadhi Premier League. Dhangadhi Rangsala with a capacity of 10,000+ spectators is the football stadium in the city. The Khaptad Gold Cup is held in the stadium. DPL is held on [[Fapla International Cricket Ground]].
== Demographics == In the 2021 census, Sudurpaschim Province had a population of 2,694,783. 8.87% of the population is under 5 years of age. It has a literacy rate of 76.23% and a sex ratio of 1117 females per 1000 males.<ref name="provincialreport">{{Cite web |title=Provincial/District/Local reports: Sudurpaschim Province |url=https://censusnepal.cbs.gov.np/results/files/result-folder/province/Sudurpaschim_Province_census_report.pdf |access-date= |website=Census Nepal 2021 |publisher=[[Central Bureau of Statistics (Nepal)|Central Bureau of Statistics]]}}</ref>
===Ethnic groups=== {{Pie chart |thumb=left |caption = Ethnicities/castes of Sudurpashchim Pradesh (2021)<ref name="caste"/> |label1 = [[Chhetri]]|value1 = 41.75 |color1 = red |label2 = [[Tharu people|Tharu]] |value2 = 14.76 |color2 = olive |label3 = [[Bahun|Hill Brahmin]] |value3 = 12.69 |color3 = orange |label4 = [[Kami (caste)|Kami]] |value4 = 10.81 |color4 = salmon |label5 = [[Thakuri]] |value5 = 4.87 |color5 = crimson |label6 = [[Damai]] |value6 = 3.76 |color6 = darksalmon |label7 = [[Rana Tharu people|Rana Tharu]] |value7 = 3.05 |color7 = olivedrab |label8 = [[Sarki (ethnic group)|Sarki]] |value8 = 2.81 |color8 = lightsalmon |label9 = [[Magars|Magar]] |value9 = 1.96 |color9 = darkturquoise |label10 = Other Hill Janjati |value10 = 1.05 |color10 = teal |label11 = Others |value11 = 2.49 |color11 = grey }}
Chhetri people are the largest community, and dominate in the hills. Other castes including Bahun, Kami and Thakuri also live here. In the plains, Tharu people are the indigenous people although nowadays the two plains districts have a majority of Pahari people.<ref name="caste">{{Cite web |title=Table 1: Caste/Ethnicity and sex |url=https://censusnepal.cbs.gov.np/results/downloads/caste-ethnicity |access-date=2024-03-16 |website=Census Nepal 2021 |publisher=[[Central Bureau of Statistics (Nepal)|Central Bureau of Statistics]]}}</ref>
===Languages=== {{Pie chart | caption = Languages of Sudurpashchim Province (2021)<ref name="mothertongue"/> | label1 = [[Nepali language|Nepali]] | value1 = 42.44 | color1 = orange | label2 = [[Doteli]] | value2 = 18.07 | color2 = sienna | label3 = [[Tharu languages|Tharu]] | value3 = 14.80 | color3 = maroon | label4 = Baitadeli | value4 = 5.62 | color4 = #844c1e | label5 = Achhami | value5 = 5.14 | color5 = #e8954c | label6 = Bajhangi | value6 = 3.69 | color6 = #cc996e | label7 = [[Rana Tharu language|Rana Tharu]] | value7 = 2.88 | color7 = firebrick | label8 = Bajureli | value8 = 2.09 | color8 = #c68043 | label9 = Darchuleli | value9 = 1.69 | color9 = #9e673d | label10 = Others | value10 = 3.58 | color10 = grey }}
The vast majority of the population speaks language varieties closely related to [[Nepali language|Nepali]], if not mutually intelligible. Eastern dialects such as Bajauri and Achhami are closer to the Khas Bhasha spoken in Karnali province. The main dialect in the province is [[Doteli]], spoken in the central part of the province, which gradually gets closer to Kumaoni spoken on the Indian side of the border. Nearly the entire Terai population spoke [[Tharu languages|Tharu]] until the 1950s, when many Doteli and Nepali speakers from the hills migrated to the Terai. The local Tharu variant has influence from Nepali and the Hindi dialects (mainly [[Kauravi dialect|Khadi Boli]] and [[Awadhi language|Awadhi]]) spoken in the plains to the south across the border. The largest Sino-Tibetan language is [[Magar language|Magar]], although there are still some speakers of [[Byangsi language|Byangsi]] in the higher mountain regions near Tibet.<ref name="mothertongue">{{Cite web |title=Table 5: Mother tongue and sex |url=https://censusnepal.cbs.gov.np/results/downloads/caste-ethnicity |access-date= |website=Census Nepal 2021 |publisher=[[Central Bureau of Statistics (Nepal)|Central Bureau of Statistics]]}}</ref>
The [[Language Commission (Nepal)|Language Commission of Nepal]] has recommended [[Doteli language|Dotyali]] and [[Tharu language|Tharu]] as official language in the province. The commission has also recommended Baitadeli, Achhami, and Bajhangi to be additional official languages, for specific regions and purposes in the province.<ref name="langcomreport">{{cite web |title=सरकारी कामकाजको भाषाका आधारहरूको निर्धारण तथा भाषासम्बन्धी सिफारिसहरू (पञ्चवर्षीय प्रतिवेदन- साराांश) २०७८ |url=https://languagecommission.gov.np/files/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8%20%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%A3%20%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%20%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%20%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE.pdf |access-date=28 October 2021 |website=Language Commission |publisher=Language Commission of Nepal |language=ne |archive-date=6 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210906171816/https://languagecommission.gov.np/files/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8%20%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%A3%20%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%20%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%20%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
===Religion=== {{Pie chart | thumb = none | caption = Religion in Sudurpashchim Province (2021)<ref name="religion">{{Cite web |title=Table 5: Religion and sex |url=https://censusnepal.cbs.gov.np/results/downloads/caste-ethnicity |access-date=2024-03-16 |website=Census Nepal 2021 |publisher=[[Central Bureau of Statistics (Nepal)|Central Bureau of Statistics]]}}</ref> | label1 = [[Hinduism in Nepal|Hindu]] | color1 = darkorange | value1 = 97.43 | label2 = [[Christianity in Nepal|Christianity]] | color2 = yellow | value2 = 1.39 | label3 = [[Buddhism in Nepal|Buddhism]] | color3 = dodgerblue | value3 = 0.84 | label4 = Other or not stated | color4 = black | value4 = 0.34 }}
{{Largest cities | country = Sudurpashchim Province | stat_ref = Central Bureau of Statistics<ref>{{Cite web| title=Population Ward Level 753 - Local Unit | url=http://cbs.gov.np/image/data/2017/Population_Ward_Level_753_Local_Unit.pdf | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171118053755/http://cbs.gov.np:80/image/data/2017/Population_Ward_Level_753_Local_Unit.pdf | archive-date=2017-11-18}}</ref> | list_by_pop = | div_name = | div_link = List of districts of Nepal{{!}}District
|city_1 = Dhangadhi |div_1 = Kailali District{{!}}Kailali |pop_1 = 147,741
|city_2 = Bhimdatta{{!}}Mahendranagar |div_2 = Kanchanpur District{{!}}Kanchanpur |pop_2 = 104,599
|city_3 = Godawari, Kailali{{!}}Godawari |div_3 = Kailali District{{!}}Kailali |pop_3 = 78,018
|city_4 = Tikapur |div_4 = Kailali District{{!}}Kailali |pop_4 = 76,984
|city_5 = Ghodaghodi |div_5 = Kailali District{{!}}Kailali |pop_5 = 75,586
|city_6 = Lamki Chuha Municipality{{!}}Lamki Chuha |div_6 = Kailali District{{!}}Kailali |pop_6 = 75,425
|city_7 = Krishnapur Municipality{{!}}Krishnapur |div_7 = Kanchanpur District{{!}}Kanchanpur |pop_7 = 56,643
|city_8 = Gauriganga{{!}}Gauriganga |div_8 = Kailali District{{!}}Kailali |pop_8 = 55,314
|city_9 = Punarwas Municipality{{!}}Punarbas |div_9 = Kanchanpur District{{!}}Kanchanpur |pop_9 = 53,633
|city_10 = Belauri Municipality{{!}}Belauri |div_10 = Kanchanpur District{{!}}Kanchanpur |pop_10 = 53,544
|city_11 = Bhajani |div_11 = Kailali District{{!}}Kailali |pop_11 = 51,845
|city_12 = Bedkot Municipality{{!}}Bedkot |div_12 = Kanchanpur District{{!}}Kanchanpur |pop_12 = 49,479
|city_13 = Shuklaphanta |div_13 = Kanchanpur District{{!}}Kanchanpur |pop_13 = 46,834
|city_14 = Mahakali, Kanchanpur{{!}}Mahakali |div_14 = Kanchanpur District{{!}}Kanchanpur |pop_14 = 39,253
|city_15 = Purchaudi |div_15 = Baitadi District{{!}}Baitadi |pop_15 = 39,174
|city_16 = Parshuram Municipality{{!}}Parshuram |div_16 = Dadeldhura District{{!}}Dadeldhura |pop_16 = 34,983
|city_17 = Dasharathchand{{!}}Dasharath Chand |div_17 = Baitadi District{{!}}Baitadi |pop_17 = 34,575
|city_18 = Sanphebagar |div_18 = Achham District{{!}}Achham |pop_18 = 33,788
|city_19 = Bungal |div_19 = Bajhang District{{!}}Bajhang |pop_19 = 33,224
|city_20 = Dipayal Silgadhi |div_20 = Doti District{{!}}Doti |pop_20 = 32,941
}}
==See also== * [[Far-Western Development Region, Nepal]] * [[List of districts in Nepal]] * [[Provinces of Nepal]]
==Notes== {{notelist}}
==References== {{Reflist}}
{{Geographic Location | Centre = Sudurpashchim Province | North = [[Tibet Autonomous Region]], {{flag|China}} | Northeast = | East = [[Karnali Province]] | Southeast = [[Lumbini Province]] | South = [[Uttar Pradesh]], {{flag|India}} | Southwest = | West = [[Uttarakhand]], {{flag|India}} | Northwest = }} {{Provinces of Nepal}} {{Districts of Nepal}} {{Authority control}}
[[Category:Sudurpashchim Province| ]] [[Category:2015 establishments in Nepal]] [[Category:Provinces of Nepal]] [[Category:States and territories established in 2015]]