{{Short description|Geologic formation in Germany}} {{Infobox rockunit | name = Stuttgart Formation | image = | caption = | type = [[Formation (stratigraphy)|Formation]] | age = [[Carnian]]<br>~{{fossil range|235|222}} | period = Carnian | prilithology = [[Sandstone]] | otherlithology = [[Claystone]] | namedfor = [[Stuttgart]] | namedby = | year_ts = | region = [[Baden-Württemberg]], [[Bavaria]], [[North Rhine-Westphalia]] | country = [[Germany]], [[Switzerland]] | coordinates = {{coord|49.2|N|9.3|E|display=inline}} | paleocoordinates = {{coord|21.4|N|14.9|E|display=inline}} | unitof = [[Keuper]] | subunits = [[Ansbachersandstein]] & Schilfsandstein members | underlies = [[Weser Formation|Weser]] & [[Steigerwald Formation]]s | overlies = [[Grabfeld Formation|Grabfeld]] & [[Benk Formation]]s | thickness = | extent = | area = | map = {{Location map+ | Germany | relief = 1 | width = 250 | float = center | places = {{Location map~ | Germany | lat_deg = 49.8 | lon_deg = 9.9 | mark = Pink ff0080 pog.svg | marksize = 10 }} {{Location map~ | Germany | lat_deg = 48.8 | lon_deg = 9.2 | mark = Pink ff0080 pog.svg | marksize = 10 }} {{Location map~ | Germany | lat_deg = 49.1 | lon_deg = 9.3 | mark = Pink ff0080 pog.svg | marksize = 10 }} {{Location map~ | Germany | lat_deg = 52.0 | lon_deg = 8.5 | mark = Pink ff0080 pog.svg | marksize = 10 }} {{Location map~ | Germany | lat_deg = 48.9 | lon_deg = 9.4 | mark = Pink ff0080 pog.svg | marksize = 10 }} {{Location map~ | Germany | lat_deg = 48.5 | lon_deg = 8.9 | mark = Pink ff0080 pog.svg | marksize = 10 }} {{Location map~ | Germany | lat_deg = 49.4 | lon_deg = 10.5 | mark = Pink ff0080 pog.svg | marksize = 10 }} {{Location map~ | Germany | lat_deg = 47.6 | lon_deg = 7.6 | mark = Pink ff0080 pog.svg | marksize = 10 }} {{Location map~ | Germany | lat_deg = 49.2 | lon_deg = 9.3 | mark = Pink ff0080 pog.svg | marksize = 10 }} }} | map_caption = }} The '''Stuttgart Formation''' is a [[Formation (geology)|geologic formation]] in [[Germany]]. It preserves [[fossils]] dating back to the [[Carnian]] stage of the [[Triassic]] [[Period (geology)|period]].<ref name=FW>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=&formation=Stuttgart&group_formation_member=Stuttgart Stuttgart Formation] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref>
== Fossil content == {{see also|Ansbachersandstein#Fossil content}}
=== Temnospondyls === {{div col|colwidth=29em}} * ''[[Cyclotosaurus|Cyclotosaurus buechneri]]''<ref name=Witzmann2016>Witzmann et al., 2016</ref> * ''[[Cyclotosaurus|C. robustus]]''<ref name=Schoch2000>Schoch & Milner, 2000</ref> * ''[[Hyperokynodon|Hyperokynodon keuperinus]]''<ref name=Schoch2000/> * ''[[Mastodonsaurus|Mastodonsaurus andriani]]''<ref name=Munster1839>Münster, 1839</ref> * ''[[Metoposaurus|Metoposaurus diagnosticus]]''<ref name=Sulej2002>Sulej, 2002</ref> * ''[[Gerrothorax|Gerrothorax sp.]]''<ref name=Schoch2012/> {{div col end}}
=== Therapsids === * [[Kannemeyeriiformes|Kannemeyeriiformes indet.]](Possibly ''[[Woznikella|Woznikella triradiata]]'')<ref name=Schoch2012/>
=== Reptiles === * ''[[Calamosuchus arenaceus]]''<ref name="S&S25">{{Cite journal |last1=Sues |first1=Hans-Dieter |last2=Schoch |first2=Rainer R. |date=2025-12-04 |title=Synopsis of the Triassic reptiles from Germany |journal=Fossil Record |language=en |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=411–483 |doi=10.3897/fr.28.164405 |doi-access=free |issn=2193-0074}}</ref> * ''[[Dyoplax arenaceus]]'' * ''[[Thuringopelta|Thuringopelta werneburgi]]''<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Sues |first1=H.-D. |last2=Schoch |first2=R. R. |year=2025 |title=A doswelliid archosauriform from the Upper Triassic (Carnian) Stuttgart Formation of Thuringia (Germany) |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |at=e2455949 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2025.2455949 }}</ref> * ''[[Zanclodon|Zanclodon subcylindrodon]]''<ref name=Huene1905>Huene, 1905</ref> * [[Archosauria|Archosauria indet.]]<ref name=Schoch2012/>
=== Fish === * ''[[Lissodus|Lissodus sp.]]''<ref name=Schoch2012>Schoch, 2012</ref> * ''[[Palaeobates|Palaeobates sp.]]''<ref name=Linck1968>Linck, 1968</ref>
;Invertebrates<ref name=Linck1968/> {{div col|colwidth=29em}} * ''[[Aviculomyalina|Aviculomyalina angusta]]'' * ''[[Cyzicus|Cyzicus laxitextus]]'' * ''[[Cyzicus|C. cf. dorsorectus]]'' * ''[[Cyzicus|C. minutus]]'' * ''[[Homomya|Homomya bilonga]]'' * ''[[Homomya|H. simplex]]'' * ''[[Myalina|Myalina rotundata]]'' * ''[[Mytilus (bivalve)|Mytilus acutefinitus]]'' * ''[[Mytilus (bivalve)|M. avirostrum]]'' * ''[[Mytilus (bivalve)|M. hasta]]'' * ''[[Mytilus (bivalve)|M. minutus]]'' * ''[[Mytilus (bivalve)|M. peregrinus]]'' * ''[[Mytilus (bivalve)|M. sulmensis]]'' * ''[[Lithophaga|Lithophaga buchhornensis]]'' * ''[[Lithophaga|L. lennachensis]]'' * ''[[Lithophaga|L. producta]]'' * ''[[Lithophaga|L. vermiculata]]'' * ''[[Mactromya|Mactromya altera]]'' * ''[[Mactromya|M. equisetitis]]'' * ''[[Modiolus (bivalve)|Modiolus eberstadtensis]]'' * ''[[Modiolus (bivalve)|M. formosissimus]]'' * ''[[Modiolus (bivalve)|M. mediocarinatus]]'' * ''[[Modiolus (bivalve)|M. minalatus]]'' * ''[[Modiolus (bivalve)|M. parallelus]]'' * ''[[Modiolus (bivalve)|M. parvoblongus]]'' * ''[[Modiolus (bivalve)|M. suprarectus]]'' * ''[[Modiolus (bivalve)|M. transiens]]'' * ''[[Modiolus (bivalve)|M. triangulus]]'' * ''[[Myoconcha|Myoconcha aperina]]'' * ''[[Myoconcha|M. longaperina]]'' * ''[[Myoconcha|M. ovulum]]'' * ''[[Myoconcha|M. scalprosa]]'' * ''[[Myoconcha|M. cf. woehrmanni]]'' * ''[[Myoconcha|M. aff. aquatensis]]'' * ''[[Parallelodon|Parallelodon beyrichii]]'' * ''[[Pinna (genus)|Pinna mediokeuperina]]'' * ''[[Pleuromya|Pleuromya curta]]'' * ''[[Pleuromya|P. nitens]]'' * ''[[Schafhaeutlia|Schafhaeutlia aff. liscaviensis]]'' * ''[[Thracia (genus)|Thracia keuperina]]'' * ''[[Trigonodus|Trigonodus cf. grandis]]'' * ''[[Trigonodus|T. pygmaeus]]'' * ''[[Trigonodus|T. singularis]]'' * ''[[Trigonodus|T. wuertembergicus]]'' * ''[[Asmussia|Asmussia sp.]]'' * ''[[Gervillia|Gervillia sp.]]'' * ''[[Gryphaea|?Gryphaea sp.]]'' * ''[[Myoconcha|Myoconcha sp.]]'' * ''[[Mytilus (bivalve)|Mytilus sp.]]'' * ''[[Trigonodus|Trigonodus sp.]]'' {{div col end}}
=== Flora === {{div col|colwidth=29em}} * ''[[Clathrophyllum|Clathrophyllum meriani]]''<ref name=Linck1968/> * ''[[Danaeopsis|Danaeopsis marantacea]]''<ref name=Kustatscher2012>Kustatscher et al., 2012</ref> * ''[[Danaeopsis|D. rumphi]]''<ref name=Linck1968/> * ''[[Desmiophyllum|Desmiophyllum imhoffi]]''<ref name=Linck1968/> * ''[[Dioonitocarpidium|Dioonitocarpidium pennaeforme]]''<ref name=Linck1968/> * ''[[Neocalamites|Neocalamites meriani]]''<ref name=Linck1968/> * ''[[Pagiophyllum|Pagiophyllum foetterlei]]''<ref name=Linck1968/> * ''[[Voltziopsis|Voltziopsis coburgensis]]''<ref name=Linck1968/> * ''[[Widdringtonites|Widdringtonites keuperianus]]''<ref name=Linck1968/> * ''[[Equisetites|Equisetites sp.]]''<ref name=Linck1968/> * ''[[Pterophyllum|Pterophyllum sp.]]''<ref name=Linck1968/> {{div col end}}
== See also == {{div col|colwidth=29em}} * [[List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Germany]] * [[List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Switzerland]] * [[Benkersandstein]], contemporaneous ichnofossiliferous formation of Bavaria * [[Chañares Formation]], fossiliferous formation of the [[Ischigualasto-Villa Unión Basin]], Argentina * [[Candelária Formation, Paraná Basin|Candelária Formation]], contemporaneous fossiliferous formation of the Paraná Basin, Brazil * [[Molteno Formation]], contemporaneous fossiliferous formation of Lesotho and South Africa * [[Pebbly Arkose Formation]], contemporaneous fossiliferous formation of Botswana, Zambia and Zimbabwe * [[Denmark Hill Insect Bed]], contemporaneous fossiliferous unit of Queensland, Australia * [[Madygen Formation]], contemporaneous Lagerstätte of Kyrgyzstan {{div col end}}
== References == {{reflist|2}}
=== Bibliography === <!--most recent first--> * {{citation |last1=Witzmann |first1=F. |first2=S. |last2=Sachs |first3=C. J. |last3=Nyhuis |year=2016 |title=A new species of ''Cyclotosaurus'' (Stereospondyli, Capitosauria) from the Late Triassic of Bielefeld, NW Germany, and the intrarelationships of the genus |url=https://fr.copernicus.org/articles/19/83/2016/ |journal=[[Fossil Record]] |volume=19 |issue=2 |pages=83–100 |doi=10.5194/fr-19-83-2016 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2016FossR..19...83W |accessdate=2020-10-19}} * {{citation |last1=Kustatscher |first1=E. |first2=K.-P. |last2=Kelber |first3=J. H. A. |last3=Van Konijnenburg-van Cittert |year=2012 |title=''Danaeopsis'' Heer ex Schimper 1869 and its European Triassic species |journal=[[Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology]] |volume=183 |pages=32–49|doi=10.1016/j.revpalbo.2012.06.011 |bibcode=2012RPaPa.183...32K }} * {{citation |last=Schoch |first=R. R |year=2012 |title=A dicynodont mandible from the Triassic of Germany forms the first evidence of large herbivores in the Central European Carnian |journal=[[Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen]] |volume=263 |issue=2 |pages=119–123|doi=10.1127/0077-7749/2012/0216 }} * {{citation |last=Sulej |first=T |year=2002 |title=Species discrimination of the Late Triassic temnospondyl amphibian ''Metoposaurus diagnosticus'' |url=https://www.app.pan.pl/archive/published/app47/app47-535.pdf |journal=[[Acta Palaeontologica Polonica]] |volume=47 |pages=535–546 |accessdate=2020-10-19}} * {{citation |last1=Schoch |first1=R. |first2=A. R. |last2=Milner |year=2000 |title=Stereospondyli |journal=[[Handbuch der Paläoherpetologie]] |volume=3B |pages=1–203}} * {{citation |last=Linck |first=O |year=1968 |title=Die marinen Muschelfauna des Schilfsandsteins von Eberstadt, Wuerttemberg, (Trias, Karn, mittl. Keuper 2) und deren Bedeutung |journal=[[Jahreshefte des Vereins für Vaterlaendsiche Naturkunde in Wuerttemberg]] |volume=123 |pages=69–133}} * {{citation |last=[[Friedrich von Huene|Huene]] |first=F. von |year=1905 |title=Trias-Dinosaurier Europas - European Triassic dinosaurs |journal=[[Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft]] |volume=57 |pages=345–349}} * {{citation |last=Fraas |first=E |year=1896 |title=Die Schwäbischen Trias-Saurier nach dem Material der Kgl. Naturalien-Sammlung in Stuttgart zusammengestellt - Swabian Triassic dinosaurs based on the material in the Royal Natural History Collection compiled in Stuttgart |publisher=Festgabe des Königlichen Naturalien-Cabinets In Stuttgart zur 42 Versammlung der Deutschen geologischen Gesellschaft in Stuttgart, August 1896. E. Schweizerbartische Verlag-handlung (E. Koch), Stuttgart |pages=1–18}} * {{citation |last=Münster |first=G. G |year=1839 |title=''Mastodonsaurus andriani'' |journal=[[Beiträge zur Petrefactenkunde]] |volume= |pages=102–103}}
[[Category:Triassic System of Europe]] [[Category:Triassic Germany]] [[Category:Triassic Switzerland]] [[Category:Carnian Stage]] [[Category:Sandstone formations]] [[Category:Shale formations]] [[Category:Fluvial deposits]] [[Category:Lacustrine deposits]] [[Category:Lagoonal deposits]] [[Category:Paleontology in Germany]] [[Category:Baden-Württemberg|Formations]] [[Category:Bavaria|Formations]] [[Category:North Rhine-Westphalia|Formations]] [[Category:Geologic formations of Germany]] [[Category:Geologic formations of Switzerland]]