{{Short description|Genus of fishes}} {{Automatic taxobox | image = Sturisoma guentheri.jpg | image_caption = ''Sturisoma guentheri'' | taxon = Sturisoma | authority = Swainson, 1838<ref name = "Cof family">{{Cof family|family=Loricariinae|access-date=23 March 2026}}</ref> | type_species = Loricaria rostrata | type_species_authority = Spix & Agassiz, 1829<ref name = "Cof family"/> | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = | synonyms = {{Genus list | Oxyloricaria | Bleeker, 1862 | Parasturisoma | A. Miranda Ribeiro, 1911 }} | synonyms_ref = <ref name = "Cof family"/> }}
'''''Sturisoma''''' is a genus of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Loricariidae, the suckermouth armored catfishes, and the subfamily Loricariinae, the mailed catfishes. The catfishes in this genus are found in South and Central America.
==Taxonomy== ''Sturisoma'' has been shown to be sister to ''Farlowella''.<ref name="Covain"/>
==Species== There are currently 14 recognized species in this genus:<ref>{{Cof genus | genus = Sturisoma| access-date = 15 September 2025}}</ref> {{linked species list |Sturisoma barbatum |(Kner, 1853) |Sturisoma brevirostre |(C. H. Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889) |Sturisoma careirensia |Londoño-Burbano & Britto, 2023 |Sturisoma defranciscoi |Londoño-Burbano & Britto, 2023 |Sturisoma ghazziae |Londoño-Burbano & Britto, 2023 |Sturisoma graffini |Londoño-Burbano, 2018 |Sturisoma guentheri |(Regan, 1904) |Sturisoma lyra |(Regan, 1904) |Sturisoma monopelte |Fowler, 1914 |Sturisoma nigrirostrum |Fowler, 1940 |Sturisoma rapppydanielae |Londoño-Burbano & Britto, 2023 |Sturisoma reisi |Londoño-Burbano and Britto, 2022<ref>{{cite journal|author=Londoño-Burbano, Alejandro |author2= Britto, Marcelo|year=2022|title= A new species of ''Sturisoma'' Swainson, 1838 (Loricariidae: Loricariinae) from the Madeira River basin, with a discussion of historical biogeography of western Amazonas and Paraguay River basins|journal= Journal of Fish Biology|volume= 102|issue= 1|pages= 188–203|doi= 10.1111/jfb.15251|pmid= 36256458}}</ref> |Sturisoma rostratum |(Spix & Agassiz, 1829) |Sturisoma tenuirostre |(Steindachner, 1910)}}
==Distribution== The species of the genus ''Sturisoma'' are widely distributed on both slopes of the Andes, in Panama and Colombia, and in the Amazon, Orinoco, and Paraná River basins.<ref name="Covain">{{cite journal|url=http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2007f/zt01462p040.pdf|title=The genera of the Neotropical armored catfish subfamily Loricariinae (Siluriformes: Loricariidae): a practical key and synopsis|first=Raphael|last=Covain|author2=Fisch-Muller, Sonia |journal=Zootaxa|volume=1462|pages=1–40|year=2007|doi=10.11646/zootaxa.1462.1.1 }}</ref>
==Description== Sexual dimorphism includes hypertrophied odontodes on the sides of the head of the male.<ref name="Covain"/>
==Ecology== Sturisoma inhabit gently to swiftly flowing white waters where submerged wood is abundant in the main flow of rivers.<ref name="Covain"/> ''Sturisoma'' species are open brooders.<ref name="Covain"/>
==References== {{Reflist}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q140204}}
Category:Sturisoma Category:Loricariinae Category:Fish of South America Category:Fish of the Amazon basin Category:Freshwater fish genera Category:Catfish genera Category:Taxa named by William Swainson
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