{{About|the stage play and subsequent film |the location in Queensland |Struck Oil, Queensland}} {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}} {{Use Australian English|date=March 2012}}
'''''Struck Oil''''' is an 1874 play set during the American Civil War and a 1919 Australian silent film, now considered lost. The play, which introduced Maggie Moore to Australian theatre-goers, was popular with the Australian public and the basis of J. C. Williamson's success as a theatre entrepreneur.<ref>[http://www.liveperformance.com.au/halloffame/jameswilliamson1.html J. C. Williamson career overview at Live Performance Hall of Fame]</ref> A film based on the play and directed by Franklyn Barrett was produced in 1919.
==Plot== John Stofel is a Dutch shoemaker who has settled in America, and has a daughter, Lizzie. During the US Civil War, John goes off to fight, in the place of a cowardly deacon who gives him the title deed of a farm. John returns from the war wounded and insane. Oil is discovered on the farm and the deacon tries to take the land back. However, John regains his memory, finds the hidden title deed and the deacon is forced to give up his claim to the Stofels.
==The play== {{Infobox play | name = Struck Oil | image = | image_size = | caption = | writer = {{ubl|Sam Smith|Clay Greene|J. C. Williamson}} | characters = | setting = | premiere = 23 February 1874 | place = Salt Lake City | orig_lang = English | subject = | genre = melodrama }}
===Origins=== J. C. Williamson was an American leading actor who had toured Australia and just married Maggie Moore when he read a one-act play called ''The Dead, or Five Years Away'' by Irish miner and amateur playwright Sam Smith. It was originally a one-man piece about John Stofel, similar to ''Rip Van Winkle''. Williamson bought the play outright for $100, had it rewritten by his friend Clay M. Greene, and retitled it ''Struck Oil''. He then took the play to Salt Lake City where Williamson claims to have re-written the last act himself.<ref>[http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&d=PBH19070123.2.48&cl=&srpos=0&e=-------10--1----0--&st=1 'Forty-five Years of the Stage', ''Poverty Bay Herald'', Volume XXXIV, Issue 10878, 23 January 1907, Page 5]</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17317316 |title="Struck Oil" |newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=23 May 1936 |access-date=6 March 2013 |page=13 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
===Popularity=== Williamson and Moore appeared in the play when it made its debut on 23 February 1874. It was a hit and they then took it to Australia where it debuted in Melbourne at the Theatre Royal on 1 August 1874.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article5875646 |title=Theatre Royal |newspaper=The Argus |location=Melbourne |date=3 August 1874 |accessdate=6 March 2013 |page=6 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
The play was a great success, ultimately selling 93,000 tickets in a city of 110,000 people, and proved equally popular around the rest of the country.<ref>[http://www.liveperformance.com.au/halloffame/jameswilliamson1.html Frank Van Straten, 'J. C. Williamson', at Live Performance Hall of Fame]</ref> What was meant to be a 12-week tour of Australia ended up lasting for fifteen months and netting Williamson £15,000.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article28339994 |title=Amusements |newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=23 November 1888 |accessdate=6 March 2013 |page=9 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
Williamson used this money to launch his career as a theatre manager and Maggie Moore became one of the most popular performers on the Australian stage.<ref>[http://www.twf.org.au/research/jcw.html Paul Bentley, 'JC Williamson Ltd', The Wolanski Foundation Paper No. 5, January 2000]</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article28062746 |title=Maggie Moore |newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=17 March 1926 |accessdate=6 March 2013 |page=15 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
In 1880 L. M. Bayless, a rival theatre manager, mounted a production of ''Struck Oil'' at the Academy of Music, Adelaide, but was deterred by Williamson's threat of legal action<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article197740831 |title=Advertising |newspaper=The Evening Journal (Adelaide) |volume=XII |issue=3473 |location=South Australia |date=2 June 1880 |access-date=7 March 2022 |page=1 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref> although he may have been breaking no (South Australian) law.
Williamson and Moore toured with the play in India, the US, Europe and Britain, as well as frequently reviving it in Australia. In 1894 Moore left Williamson and formed her own theatre company; they divorced in 1899. Williamson tried to stop her from appearing in the play but was unsuccessful and she continued to revive it throughout her career until her death in 1926.<ref>[https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/williamson-james-cassius-4859/text8117 Poorten, Helen M. Van Der, 'Williamson, James Cassius (1845–1913)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University] accessed 11 January 2012</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article92856462 |title=Important Theatrical |newspaper=South Australian Chronicle |location=Adelaide |date=10 March 1894 |accessdate=6 March 2013 |page=11 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article8730565 |title="Struck Oil". |newspaper=The Argus |location=Melbourne |date=3 March 1894 |accessdate=7 March 2013 |page=5 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
==The film== '''''Struck Oil''''' is a 1919 Australian silent film directed by Franklyn Barrett, based on the stage play. It is considered a lost film.
{{Infobox film | name = Struck Oil | image = | caption = | director = Franklyn Barrett | producer = Humbert Pugliese | writer = | based_on = play by Sam Smith, Clay Greene and J. C. Williamson | narrator = | starring = {{ubl|Maggie Moore|Harry Roberts}} | music = | cinematography = Ernest Higgins | editing = | studio = Australian Art Productions<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article57978259 |title="Struck Oil" |newspaper=The Sunday Times |location=Perth |date=23 October 1921 |accessdate=3 May 2012 |page=6 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref> | distributor = | released = {{Film date|1919|10|20|df=yes|ref1=<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article15863417 |title=Advertising. |newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=22 October 1919 |accessdate=3 May 2012 |page=2 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>}} | runtime = 7 reels | country = Australia | language = {{ubl|Silent film|English intertitles}} | budget = | gross = }}
===Cast=== *Maggie Moore as Lizzie Stofel *Harry Roberts as John Stofel *Percy Walshe as Deacon Skinner *Boyd Irwin *David Edelsten
Maggie Moore married Harry Roberts in 1902 and he became her acting and business partner, appearing with her in several productions of ''Struck Oil''. By the time she appeared in the film version of the play she was well into her sixties.<ref>[https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/moore-maggie-4235/text6833 Refshauge, Richard, 'Moore, Maggie (1851–1926)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University] accessed 11 January 2012.</ref>
===Production=== The film was shot in Sydney in August and September 1919. It is likely the budget was low.<ref name="Pike"/>
===Reception=== The film was not a success at the box office, which may be explained by the lack of access Caroline Pugliese and Humbert Pugliese had to other theatres around Australia.<ref name="Pike">Andrew Pike and Ross Cooper, ''Australian Film 1900–1977: A Guide to Feature Film Production'', Melbourne: Oxford University Press, 1998, 92</ref>
''Variety'' gave the film a scathing review saying "the redeeming feature is the photography, otherwise the entire film should be scrapped."<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://lantern.mediahist.org/catalog/variety57-1920-01_0024|title = Variety - Lantern: Search, Visualize & Explore the Media History Digital Library}}</ref>
==References== {{reflist}}
==External links== *{{IMDb title|id=0337249}} *[http://colsearch.nfsa.gov.au/nfsa/search/display/display.w3p;adv=no;group=;groupequals=;holdingType=;page=0;parentid=;query=%22struck%20oil%22;querytype=;rec=7;resCount=10 ''Struck Oil''] at National Film and Sound Archive *[http://recordsearch.naa.gov.au/SearchNRetrieve/Interface/DetailsReports/ItemDetail.aspx?Barcode=3443681 Copy of film script] at National Archives of Australia
{{Franklyn Barrett}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Struck Oil}} Category:1919 films Category:1919 Australian films Category:1919 drama films Category:1919 English-language films Category:1919 lost films Category:Australian black-and-white films Category:Australian films based on plays Category:Australian silent feature films Category:English-language drama films Category:Lost Australian silent drama films