{{Short description|Country estate in Scotland}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}} [[File:Dyke by the A91 - geograph.org.uk - 340783.jpg|thumb|right|A91 road along the estate's northern boundary]] '''Strathtyrum''' is a {{convert|400|acre|adj=on}} country estate in the north-western outskirts of St Andrews, Fife, Scotland. It is accessed via the A91.<ref name="Glen">{{cite book|last1=Glen|first1=Duncan|title=Illustrious Fife: Literary, Historical & Architectural Pathways & Walks|date=1998|publisher=Akros|location=Kirkcaldy, Scotland|isbn=9780861420872|page=14|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m6JnAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=17 January 2016}}</ref><ref name="Express">{{cite news|title=Prince William's university residence rented for Golf competition|url=http://www.express.co.uk/news/uk/184839/Prince-William-s-university-residence-rented-for-Golf-competition|accessdate=17 January 2016|work=Sunday Express|date=4 July 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160201130308/http://www.express.co.uk/news/uk/184839/Prince-William-s-university-residence-rented-for-Golf-competition|archive-date=1 February 2016|url-status = live}}</ref>
== Etymology == The name ''Strathtyrum'' was recorded as ''Trestirum'' in 1190,<ref name="Taylor">{{cite web |last1=Taylor |first1=Simon |title=Fife Place-name Data - Strathtyrum |url=https://fife-placenames.glasgow.ac.uk/placename/?id=2297 |accessdate=25 May 2020}}</ref> and may rooted in either a Gaelic or Pictish etymology.<ref name="Taylor" /> The first element is either Gaelic ''treabh'' or Pictish ''*trev'', cognates both meaning "farm, estate, town" (cf. Welsh ''tref''),<ref name="Taylor" /> assimilated to Gaelic ''srath'', "valley".<ref name="Taylor" /> The second element is possibly Gaelic ''tioram'', "dry",<ref name="Taylor" /> or else an adaptation or translation of an earlier Pictish form.<ref name="Taylor" />
==History== [[File:Fairway on Strathtyrum golf course - geograph.org.uk - 111895.jpg|thumb|right|Strathtyrum Course fairway of St Andrews Links]] thumb|right|Strathtyrum House's walled garden The estate was owned by St Andrews Cathedral Priory prior to the Reformation, whereafter ownership was granted to the Duke of Lennox and it subsequently changed hands several times.<ref name="Leighton">{{cite book|last1=Leighton|first1=John M|last2=Stewart|first2=James|title=History of the County of Fife: From the Earliest Period to the Present Time, Volume 3|date=1840|publisher=Joseph Swan|location=Glasgow|page=42|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3YMLAAAAYAAJ|accessdate=17 January 2016}}</ref><ref name="Lamont">{{cite book|last1=Lamont-Brown|first1=Raymond|title=St Andrews: City by the Northern Sea|date=2006|publisher=Birlinn|location=Edinburgh|isbn=9781841584508|page=116|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=25BnAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=18 January 2016|quote=After the Reformation, Strathtyrum estate was resumed by the Crown and conferred on the family of the Duke of Lennox. By 1596 the estate passed to James Wood of Lambieletham and was later assumed by the Inglises who sold it to Archbishop James Sharp in 1669; Sharp's dwelling has long vanished. Soon after this the estate was subdivided and in 1782 Strathtyrum was acquired by James Cheape.}}</ref> It was purchased by Archbishop James Sharp in 1669 and by James Cheape, the son of a laird, in 1782.<ref name="Leighton"/><ref name="Lamont"/><ref>{{cite book|last1=Stephen|first1=Thomas|title=The Life and Times of Archbishop Sharp|date=1839|publisher=Joseph Rickerby|location=London|page=[https://archive.org/details/lifeandtimesarc00stepgoog/page/n653 631]|url=https://archive.org/details/lifeandtimesarc00stepgoog|accessdate=17 January 2016}}</ref>
The adjacent property of St Andrews Links on the northern side of the estate was acquired by James Cheape in 1821 and sold by his brother's grandson, also named James Cheape, to The Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews in 1893.<ref name="Hagen">{{cite book|last1=Hagen|first1=John Peter|title=Play Away Please: The Tale of the Sale of Golf's Greatest Icon – The St Andrews Old Course Starter's Box|date=2011|publisher=Random House|isbn=9781907195754|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6DmAvHQ0tDQC|accessdate=17 January 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Malcolm|first1=David|title=Tom Morris of St Andrews the Colossus of Golf 1821–1908|date=2011|publisher=Birlinn|location=Edinburgh|isbn=9780857901071|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Pc68BQAAQBAJ|accessdate=19 January 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Slovick|first1=Lyle|title=The St Andrews 'Rabbit Wars' of 1801–1821|journal=Through the Green|publisher=British Golf Collectors Society |date=September 2012|url=http://www.golfcollectors.co.uk/u/cms/TTG_102_2012_Sept_Reduced.pdf.pdf|accessdate=17 January 2016}}</ref> Control of St Andrews Links was regulated by an act of Parliament in 1894 and another in 1974 which resulted in the creation of the St Andrews Links Trust.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Peper|first1=George|title=Two Years in St. Andrews: At Home on the 18th Hole|date=2008|publisher=Simon and Schuster|isbn=9781416534310|pages=170–171|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Fsc_Ae07HqAC|accessdate=19 January 2016}}</ref> The Strathtyrum Course of St Andrews Links, which was opened in 1993, was built on land that was previously part of the estate and sold to the St Andrews Links Trust by Mrs Gladys Cheape in 1986.<ref name="Glen"/><ref name="Hagen"/> The Strathtyrum estate was subsequently inherited by Henry Ismay Cheape.<ref name="Express"/><ref>{{cite news|title=Students to rent Wills' St Andrews home|url=http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Students+to+rent+Wills'+St+Andrews+home.-a0133736804|accessdate=20 January 2016|work=Sunday Mail (Glasgow, Scotland)|date=3 July 2005}}</ref>
==Buildings== There are several buildings on the estate including the main residential building Strathtyrum House located opposite the Old Course at St Andrews, a Category A listed building built in the 18th century.<ref>{{cite web|title=Strathtyrum House|url=http://www.hha.org.uk/Property/1648/Strathtyrum-House|publisher=Historic Houses Association|accessdate=17 January 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=STRATHTYRUM HOUSE Reference: LB15817|url=http://portal.historic-scotland.gov.uk/hes/web/f?p=PORTAL:DESIGNATION:::::DES:LB15817|publisher=Historic Environment Scotland|accessdate=17 January 2016}}</ref> It is a Georgian building three storeys high accompanied by riding stables, a mausoleum and a large walled garden.<ref name="Express"/><ref name="Lamont"/><ref>{{cite book|last1=Glen|first1=Duncan|title=Historic Fife Murders at Falkland, St. Andrews & Magus Muir: Journeys Through Fife Between Forth and Tay|date=2002|publisher=Akros|location=Kirkcaldy|isbn=9780861421350|page=10|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rYXaAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=18 January 2016|quote=With the semi-circular Roman Doric portico on the pedimented centre of Georgian Strathtyrum House we have moved some way from the cruel world that the Duke of Rothesay knew in 1402.}}</ref> It was the rented country residence of publisher John Blackwood who died there in 1879.<ref name="Glen"/><ref>{{cite book|last1=Porter|first1=Mary Blackwood|title=Annals of a Publishing House|date=2010|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9781108021418|url=http://ebooks.cambridge.org/chapter.jsf?bid=CBO9780511696671&cid=CBO9780511696671A014|accessdate=17 January 2016}}</ref><ref>{{DNB|prescript=|wstitle=Blackwood, John |first=Francis|last=Espinasse|authorlink=Francis Espinasse|volume=5}}</ref>
While attending the University of St Andrews where they met, Prince William and his future wife Catherine Middleton lived in Balgove House on the estate for two years before graduating in 2005.<ref name="Express"/><ref>{{cite news|last1=Jobson|first1=Robert|title=Profiles: Prince George's godparents|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/uk/profiles-prince-georges-godparents-8898991.html|accessdate=17 January 2016|work=Evening Standard|date=23 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160127184039/http://www.standard.co.uk/news/uk/profiles-prince-georges-godparents-8898991.html|archive-date=27 January 2016|url-status = live}}</ref>
==See also== * List of Category A listed buildings in Fife * List of listed buildings in St Andrews And St Leonards, Fife
==References== {{reflist|30em}}
==External links== {{commons category|Strathtyrum House}} *[http://www.strathtyrumhouse.com/index.html Strathtyrum Estate] *[http://www.eastneukestates.com/the-estates/strathtyrum-35.aspx East Neuk Estates – Strathtyrum]
{{St Andrews}} {{coord|56.344796|-2.826494|type:landmark_region:GB|display=title}}
Category:St Andrews Category:Country houses in Fife Category:Listed houses in Scotland Category:Category A listed buildings in Fife