{{Short description|Suburban business and public park in the United Kingdom}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}} {{Use British English|date=September 2015}} {{Infobox UK place | official_name = Stockley Park | static_image_name = Stockley_Park_1.jpg | static_image_caption = Stockley Business Park | london_borough = Hillingdon | region = London | country = England | post_town = UXBRIDGE | postcode_area = UB | postcode_district = UB11 | dial_code = 020 | constituency_westminster = [[Hayes and Harlington (UK Parliament constituency)|Hayes & Harlington]], [[Uxbridge & South Ruislip]] }}
'''Stockley Park''' is a business estate and public country park located between Hayes, Yiewsley, and West Drayton in the London Borough of Hillingdon. In August 2020, it was listed in the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in England as Grade II.<ref>{{cite web |title=Stockley Park: Business park Phases I and II, and country park and golf course |url=https://historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1466074 |website=historicengland.org.uk |publisher=Historic England |access-date=20 Dec 2025}}</ref>
==Residents== Stockley Park is home to over twenty companies and corporations including [[Gilead Sciences]], [[Canon Inc.]], [[Sharp Corporation]], [[Mitsubishi]], [[Samsonite]], [[Marks and Spencer]] and [[IMG (company)|IMG Studios]].<ref name="Stockley companies">{{cite web|title=Occupiers - Stockley Park|url=https://www.stockleypark.co.uk/occupiers|website=Stockley Park|access-date=16 September 2020}}</ref>
===Video Assistant Referee (VAR) Hub===
In 2019, IMG Studios became the location of the [[video assistant referee]] (VAR) hub for [[Football in England|English domestic football]]. The hub is operated by the [[Professional Game Match Officials Limited]] (PGMOL) and is responsible for officiating decisions during matches. As a result, "Stockley Park" is sometimes used as a [[metonym]] for the VAR officials or the decisions made during football matches.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Disastrous Arrival of Video Replay in English Soccer|url=https://www.newyorker.com/news/letter-from-the-uk/the-disastrous-arrival-of-video-replay-in-english-soccer|website=The New Yorker|access-date=16 March 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title='I can't do anything': world of VAR removes power of rational thought|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2023/oct/04/var-removes-power-of-rational-thought-football-liverpool-diaz|website=The Guardian|access-date=16 March 2024}}</ref>
==Facilities== The Stockley Park Quayside area has the following amenities: * [[Travelodge (British company)|Travelodge]] London Stockley Park 80-room [[hotel]] that includes a café for guests. *[[Nuffield Health]] Fitness and Wellbeing Centre * The Glass Pencil Art Gallery * Food and beverage outlets [[Costa Coffee]], [[Greggs]], and [[Subway (restaurant)|Subway]].
Stockley Country Park spans {{convert|274|acre|ha|abbr=on}} of parkland and offers a network of footpaths and bridleways for public use.<ref>{{cite web|title=Stockley Country Park|url=https://archive.hillingdon.gov.uk/stockleycountrypark|publisher=Hillingdon Council|url-status=dead|access-date=25 September 2020|archive-date=29 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029080739/https://archive.hillingdon.gov.uk/stockleycountrypark}}</ref> Within the park is the Stockley Park Golf Club which features an 18-hole championship [[golf course]], along with a bar and restaurant.<ref>{{cite web|title=Stockley Park Golf Club|url=https://stockleyparkgolf.co.uk|website=Stockley Park|access-date=16 September 2020}}</ref> ==Transport Links== ===Buses=== The park is served by three [[London Buses|London bus]] routes:<ref name="Stockley Park Travel">{{cite web|title=Location & Travel - Stockley Park|url=https://www.stockleypark.co.uk/location-travel|website=Stockley Park|access-date=15 September 2020}}</ref> *[[London Buses route A10|A10]]: [[Uxbridge station]] to [[Heathrow Central bus station]]<ref>{{cite web|title=A10 bus route|url=https://tfl.gov.uk/bus/route/a10|website=[[Transport for London]]|access-date=17 September 2020}}</ref> *[[London Buses route 350|350]]: Millington Road, [[Hayes, Hillingdon|Hayes]] to [[Heathrow Terminal 5]]<ref>{{cite web|title=350 bus route|url=https://tfl.gov.uk/bus/route/350|website=Transport for London|access-date=17 September 2020}}</ref> *[[London Buses route U5|U5]]: Uxbridge station to [[Hayes & Harlington railway station|Hayes & Harlington station]]<ref>{{cite web|title=U5 bus route|url=https://tfl.gov.uk/bus/route/u5|website=Transport for London|access-date=16 September 2020}}</ref>
===Rail=== The [[Great Western Main Line]] runs to the south of Stockley Park. [[Hayes & Harlington railway station]] is located {{convert|1.2|mi|km}} to the southeast. The [[Elizabeth line]] operates a stopping service between [[Reading railway station|Reading]] and [[Shenfield railway station|Shenfield]] or [[Abbey Wood railway station|Abbey Wood]] as well as to [[Heathrow Terminal 4 railway station|Heathrow Terminal 4]]. [[West Drayton railway station]] is located 1.1 miles (1.7 km) southwest of Stockley Park. It has the same services as Hayes & Harlington station with the exception of the service to Heathrow Terminal 5.<ref name="Stockley Park Travel"/>
===Air=== [[Heathrow Airport]] lies {{convert|3.5|mi|km}} south of Stockley Park.<ref name="Stockley Park Travel"/>
==History== [[File:DawleyHouseLysonVariantPrint.jpg|thumb|Lysons' reproduction of Kip's c.1707 original of Dawley House, which lay to the south of Stockley Park]] The land which became Stockley Park lay in two ancient [[Middlesex]] parishes, Hillingdon Parish in the west and Harlington Parish in the east. In the Harlington Parish what became the eastern part of Stockley Park was within the estate of Dawley Manor and later the Dawley Wall farm.<ref name="VCH Middlesex Vol 3 pp261-267">{{cite web|title=Victoria County History Middlesex Volume 3 Harlington: Manors|url=https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/middx/vol3/pp261-267|website=[[British History Online]]|location=[[London]]|pages=261–267|date=1962}}</ref> In Hillingdon Parish the land lay within Colham Manor.
After the cutting of the [[Grand Junction Canal]] (renamed Grand Union Canal in 1929) land was leased for brick-earth and later gravel and sand extraction. When deposits were exhausted some of the pits that were produced were used to deposit waste by barge from London.<ref name=NHLE-1466074>{{NHLE|num=1466074|desc=Stockley Park: Business park Phases I and II, and country park and golf course|grade=II|access-date=21 August 2020}}</ref><ref name="vch/middx/vol3/pp196-200">{{cite web|title=West Drayton: Economic and social history|url=https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/middx/vol3/pp196-200#anchorn83|website=British History Online|access-date=1 October 2020|pages=196–200}}</ref> With the development of the Park in 1984-1985 approximately five million tonnes of waste was moved in the creation of the business park, the largest civil engineering contract involving landfill transfer in Europe.<ref name="NHLE-1466074"/>
The estate was developed by [[Stanhope plc|Stanhope]] and designed by [[Arup Group]] from 1984. A Phase II development was added between 1990 and 1998.<ref name=NHLE-1466074/>
===Renaming of Starveall (Starvhall/Starvehall) to Stockley=== Stockley Park takes its name from the former hamlet of Stockley. "Stockley" is believed to be a portmanteau word derived from [[Cowley, London|Cowley]] [[London stock brick|stock]], the generic name given to the locally produced brick in West Middlesex. The hamlet of Stockley came into being with the renaming of the hamlet of Starveall (or Starvhall/Starvehall) in 1912.
Starveall was located in the ancient parish of Hillingdon, lying south of the Grand Junction Canal. The name is a common and possibly humorous description in central southern England for land of poor fertility - (Starve all).<ref>{{cite web|title=Starveall Barn :: Survey of English Place-Names|url=http://epns.nottingham.ac.uk/browse/id/53285a93b47fc40ab3000c7d|website=Survey of English Place-Names|access-date=1 October 2020}}</ref>
By the middle of the 19th century, a significant brickfield has been established to the west of Starveall farm. An arm known as Starveall dock (and also as Pocock's or Broad's dock) was cut from the Grand Junction Canal to service the brickfield. In 1872 it was extended south of the farm into the Parish of [[West Drayton]], reaching a distance of 1120 yards from the mainline of the canal.<ref>{{cite web|title=Middlesex XIV.SE|url=https://maps.nls.uk/view/101454919|website=[[National Library of Scotland]]|publisher=Ordnance Survey|access-date=1 October 2020|location=[[Southampton]]}}</ref> In 1879 the leaseholder of Starveall, Samuel Pocock, stated he made 15-20 million bricks per year there.<ref>{{cite news|title=The Proposed Langley and Slough branch of the Grand Junction Canal|publisher=Buckinghamshire Advertiser, Uxbridge and Watford Journal|date=12 July 1879|page=3}}</ref> In 1884 Pocock conveyed his interests to Clement Burgess Broad and George Harris, of South Wharf, Paddington.<ref name="vch/middx/vol4/pp75-82">{{cite web|title=Hillingdon, including Uxbridge: Economic and social history|url=https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/middx/vol4/pp75-82|website=[[British History Online]]|access-date=2 October 2020|location=London|pages=75–82|date=1971}}</ref>
The hamlet of Starveall continued to grow. By 1885 a church mission room with services held in affiliation with St. Matthew's Church, [[Yiewsley]] had been built.<ref>{{cite news |title=The Starveall Mission Room |publisher=The Buckinghamshire Advertiser, Uxbridge and Watford Journal |date=2 January 1886 |page=5}}</ref> By 1888 a branch of St Matthew's Church Infant School had also been established at Starveall.<ref>{{cite news |title=Proposed Enlargement of St. Matthew's Schools. |publisher=The Buckinghamshire Advertiser, Uxbridge and Watford Journal |date=21 April 1888 |page=10}}</ref> On 2 February 1890 Broad Harris and Co. entertained their tenants and employees at the inaugural opening of the Starvehall Mission Hall.<ref>{{cite news |title=The March of Time 60 Years ago From the Buckinghamshire Advertiser Saturday February 22, 1890 |publisher=The Buckinghamshire Advertiser and County Gazette |date=24 February 1950 |page=10}}</ref> The mission hall would become known as St. Mary's Church.<ref>{{cite news |title=Patronal Festival at Starveall |publisher=Middlesex & Buckinghamshire Advertiser |date=11 February 1911 |page=6}}</ref>
However, by 1911 Starveall's descriptive name must have been of concern to its inhabitants as on 1 January 1912 the now Broad and Co. issued a circular stating the following: {{Blockquote|text=The Directors of Broad and Co., Ltd beg to inform you that in response to the general desire of their tenantry, and others concerned at Starvhall, West Drayton, to have a 'more suitable designation of the place and works than that of "Starvhall" and "Starvhall Brickfields," they have decided, as from this date, to rename the place "Stockley" and the works to be known as "Stockley Works."<ref>{{cite news|title=Farewell Starvhall|publisher=Southall-Norwood Gazette|date=5 January 1912|pages=8}}</ref>}}
Starveall was located within the [[Yiewsley Urban District]] and Broad & Co unilateral renaming of Starveall caused some disquiet at the Council meeting on Tuesday 9 January 1912. It was pointed out that Broad & Co. had thought that they could rename Starveall without sanction and afterwards had realised their mistake and had written to the council asking them to pass a resolution confirming their action. Council member Mr J.A. Holland stated "It is entirely out of order: they ought first to have applied to this Council." However, there was general agreement with the name change. Vice-chairman of the council Mr T. Hancock stated "he saw no reason why the name should not be altered. Starveall was not a correct name, for nobody had been starved there."<ref>{{cite news|title=The Middlesex & Buckinghamshire Advertiser|date=13 January 1912|pages=3}}</ref>
Starveall was subsequently expunged, with Starveall Road, Starveall Farm, Starveall Infant School, Starveall Church Mission Hall, Starveall Football Club and Starveall Brickworks all being renamed Stockley. The only reference to Starveall today lies on the canal network managed by the [[Canal & River Trust]]. The Grand Union Canal Bridge 195 is still known as Starveall Bridge.<ref>{{cite web|title=Stockley Park|url=http://www.thebw.net/Canal1/Canal102/Canal102_M/canal102_417.html|website=www.thebw.net|access-date=2 October 2020}}</ref>
In January 1918 three hundred [[Royal Naval Air Service]] (RNAS) personnel were stationed at Stockley.<ref name="RNAS">{{cite news |title=Yiewsley Urban Council |publisher=Middlesex & Buckinghamshire Advertiser and The Uxbridge Gazette |date=11 January 1918 |page=3}}</ref> A depot was established as the main base for the RNAS Air Construction Corps (ACC). The depot had a Repair Shop, two Stores, Packing and Receiving Rooms, Officers' Mess and Quarters, Executive Office, Sergeants' Mess and Quarters for the men.<ref name="Cross & Cockade">{{cite journal |author1=Peter Wright |editor1-link=The Air Construction Corps |title=The Air Construction Corps |journal=Cross & Cockade International - The First World War Aviation Historical Society |volume=32/4 2001 |pages=218-220 |publisher=Cross & Cockade International}}</ref> With the formation of the RAF on 1 April 1918 the depot became [[RAF West Drayton]].
Approximately 70 men of Stockley served in the armed forces in the First World War with 11 giving their lives in the conflict. A war memorial tablet bearing their names was erected outside the mission hall which was unveiled in a ceremony on 6 January 1921.<ref name="Stockley War Memorial">{{cite news|title=Stockley's Fallen. Unveiling of War Memorial.|publisher=Middlesex & Buckinghamshire Advertiser and The Uxbridge Gazette|date=14 January 1921|page=5}}</ref> Stockley continued to be a centre of brick production through the 1920s. However the resources of brick-earth began to become depleted. By 1930 the Stockley brickworks were producing only two million bricks a year. In 1935 the brickworks was closed down.
In 1949-50 the Stockley housing estate was constructed to the west of the hamlet by the [[Yiewsley and West Drayton Urban District Council]]. However without its brickmaking ''[[wikt:raison d'être|raison d'être]]'', the hamlet itself was razed with the Stockley Close Industrial estate today lying where the hamlet was situated. To the industrial estate's east and south lies a truncated 409-yard section of the former canal arm. Some of the buildings of Stockley Farm remain and to its west lies a small local park, Stockley Recreation Ground, which serves the Stockley housing estate.
==See also== {{Portal|London}} *[[Heathrow Junction railway station]]
==References== {{reflist}}
==External links== *[https://www.stockleypark.co.uk Stockley Park] *[https://www.quaysidestockley.co.uk Quayside Stockley Park] *[https://www.stockleyparkgolf.co.uk Stockley Park Golf Course] *[https://wlsoa.org/pages/the-glass-pencil-art-gallery The Glass Pencil Art Gallery] *[https://gouldsgreenridingschool.co.uk Goulds Green Riding School]
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[[Category:Business parks of England]] [[Category:Buildings and structures in the London Borough of Hillingdon]] [[Category:Information technology company headquarters in the United Kingdom]]