{{Short description|Genus of fungi}} {{Automatic taxobox | image = Stereum hirsutum - False Turkey Tail.jpg | image_caption = ''Stereum hirsutum'' - false turkey tail | image_alt = Stereum hirsutum - false turkey tail | taxon = Stereum | authority = Hill ex Pers. (1794) | type_species = ''Stereum hirsutum'' | type_species_authority = (Willd.) Pers. (1800) | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = | synonyms_ref = <ref name="urlFungorum synonymy: Stereum"/> | synonyms = *''Haematostereum'' <small>Pouzar (1959)<ref name="Pouzar 1959"/></small> }}
'''''Stereum''''' is the type genus of the Stereaceae family of fungi, in the Russulales order. Common names for species of this genus include '''leaf fungus''', '''wax fungus''', and '''shelf fungus'''. Fungi having a shape similar to a ''Stereum'' are said to have a '''stereoid''' shape. ''Stereum'' contains 27 species that have a widespread distribution.<ref name="Kirk 2008"/>
==Description== ''Stereum'' species are wood decay fungi. Their simple, shelving fruiting bodies have a smooth hymenium, lacking gills or tubes. Like most members or the family Stereaceae, ''Stereum'' fruiting bodies lack clamp connections and produce amyloid basidiospores.
== Taxonomy == It is the type genus of the Stereaceae family. Until recently, the genus was classified in the Corticiaceae family, of the Corticiales order. However, it was given its own family as a result of the split-up of the Corticiales.
The species can be divided into two groups: the bleeders (those that exude a red liquid from cut surfaces, similarly to ''Lactarius'' species) and the non-bleeders (those that do not). In 1959, Zdenek Pouzar created a distinct genus, ''Haematostereum'', for the bleeding species of ''Stereum'', including ''H. gausapatum'', ''H. rugosum'', and ''H. sanguinolentum''.<ref name="Pouzar 1959" /> Modern authors do not consider ''Haematostereum'' to be a distinct genus, so it is currently treated as a synonym of ''Stereum''.<ref name="urlFungorum synonymy: Stereum" />
=== Species === There are numerous species in this genus, the most common one being ''Stereum hirsutum''. The following species are recognised in the genus ''Stereum'':<ref>{{Cite web |title=Species Fungorum - Search Page |url=https://www.speciesfungorum.org/Names/Names.asp |access-date=2024-02-14 |website=www.speciesfungorum.org}}</ref> {{div col|colwidth=22em}} *''Stereum acanthophysatum'' <small>Rehill & B.K. Bakshi (1966)</small> *''Stereum adnatum'' <small>Lloyd (1925)</small> *''Stereum albostipitatum'' <small>Lloyd (1913)</small> *''Stereum alternum'' <small>Lloyd (1924)</small> *''Stereum aotearoa'' <small>G. Cunn. (1956)</small> *''Stereum aratum'' <small>Pat. (1907)</small> *''Stereum armeniacum'' <small>Boidin & Gilles (1989)</small> *''Stereum auriscalpium'' <small>Lloyd (1920)</small> *''Stereum aurora'' <small>Killerm. (1943)</small> *''Stereum avellanaceum'' <small>Lloyd (1936)</small> *''Stereum azonum'' <small>Velen. (1922)</small> *''Stereum beigehymenium'' <small>Teixeira (1945)</small> *''Stereum bellum'' <small>(Kunze) Sacc. (1888)</small> *''Stereum bertolonii'' <small>Sacc. (1895)</small> *''Stereum bombycinum'' <small>Lloyd (1925)</small> *''Stereum boninense'' <small>Yasuda (1919)</small> *''Stereum braunii'' <small>(Henn.) Beeli (1926)</small> *''Stereum campaniforme'' <small>Pat. (1908)</small> *''Stereum carthusianum'' <small>E.H.L. Krause (1928)</small> *''Stereum cinericium'' <small>Lloyd (1922)</small> *''Stereum coalescens'' <small>Lloyd (1925)</small> *''Stereum complicatum'' <small>(Fr.) Fr. (1838)</small> *''Stereum conchoides'' <small>Lloyd (1925)</small> *''Stereum conicum'' <small>Burt (1920)</small> *''Stereum consobrinum'' <small>(P. Karst.) Sacc. & Trotter (1912)</small> *''Stereum contrastum'' <small>Lloyd (1924)</small> *''Stereum corruge'' <small>Lloyd (1919)</small> *''Stereum crispulum'' <small>Lloyd (1936)</small> *''Stereum cupulatum'' <small>Pat. (1903)</small> *''Stereum dimiticum'' <small>Rehill & B.K. Bakshi (1966)</small> *''Stereum durbanense'' <small>Van der Byl (1922)</small> *''Stereum durum'' <small>Lloyd (1919)</small> *''Stereum earlei'' <small>Burt (1920)</small> *''Stereum ellipticum'' <small>Ryvarden (2020)</small> *''Stereum elongatum'' <small>Lloyd (1923)</small> *''Stereum fechtneri'' <small>Velen. (1922)</small> *''Stereum fomitopsis'' <small>Lloyd (1924)</small> *''Stereum fragile'' <small>Pat. (1900)</small> *''Stereum gausapatum'' <small>(Fr.) Fr. (1874)</small> *''Stereum greslebiniae'' <small>Gorjón & Hallenb. (2012)</small> *''Stereum hirsutum'' <small>(Willd.) Pers. (1800)</small> *''Stereum humillimum'' <small>Rick (1959)</small> *''Stereum hymenoglium'' <small>Speg. (1921)</small> *''Stereum japonicum'' <small>Yasuda (1923)</small> *''Stereum javanicum'' <small>Lloyd (1924)</small> *''Stereum junghuhnii'' <small>Fr. (1851)</small> *''Stereum kurilense'' <small>Yasuda (1924)</small> *''Stereum lacunosum'' <small>Velen. (1922)</small> *''Stereum latissimum'' <small>Berk. (1855)</small> *''Stereum leoninum'' <small>Skovst. (1956)</small> *''Stereum lithocarpi'' <small>Y.C. Dai (2011)</small> *''Stereum lobatum'' <small>(Kunze ex Fr.) Fr. (1838)</small> *''Stereum luzoniense'' <small>Ricker (1906)</small> *''Stereum macrocystidiatum'' <small>A.L. Welden (1967)</small> *''Stereum magellanicum'' <small>Ryvarden & Hjortstam (1987)</small> *''Stereum melanopsis'' <small>Sacc. & P. Syd. (1902)</small> *''Stereum metallicum'' <small>Rick (1940)</small> *''Stereum mirabile'' <small>Velen. (1922)</small> *''Stereum molle'' <small>Berk. (1873)</small> *''Stereum necator'' <small>Viala (1926)</small> *''Stereum nigrorugosum'' <small>Lloyd (1923)</small> *''Stereum novomolle'' <small>Lloyd (1922)</small> *''Stereum nummularium'' <small>Velen. (1922)</small> *''Stereum nunezii'' <small>Lloyd (1924)</small> *''Stereum obliquum'' <small>Mont. & Berk. (1844)</small> *''Stereum obliteratum'' <small>Rick (1940)</small> *''Stereum obscurans'' <small>Burt (1924)</small> *''Stereum obscurum'' <small>Lloyd (1915)</small> *''Stereum occidentale'' <small>Lloyd (1919)</small> *''Stereum ochraceoflavum'' <small>(Schwein.) Sacc. (1888)</small> *''Stereum orthosporum'' <small>E.H.L. Krause (1929)</small> *''Stereum ostrea'' <small>(Blume & T. Nees) Fr. (1838)</small> - False turkey tail *''Stereum papillatosporum'' <small>Rehill & B.K. Bakshi (1966)</small> *''Stereum papyraceum'' <small>Massee (1906)</small> *''Stereum pekinense'' <small>Imazeki (1943)</small> *''Stereum pendulum'' <small>R. Sasaki (1954)</small> *''Stereum phalenarum'' <small>Kalchbr. ex Bres. (1920)</small> *''Stereum phoca'' <small>Lloyd (1918)</small> *''Stereum pileolatum'' <small>E.H.L. Krause (1928)</small> *''Stereum pseudannosum'' <small>Lloyd (1920)</small> *''Stereum pseudorimosum'' <small>Boidin & Gilles (1989)</small> *''Stereum reflexulum'' <small>Lloyd (1936)</small> *''Stereum rimosum'' <small>Berk. (1851)</small> *''Stereum roseohirsutum'' <small>Lloyd (1924)</small> *''Stereum roseum'' <small>Yasuda (1922)</small> *''Stereum rufofulvum'' <small>(Mont.) Pat. & Lagerh. (1895)</small> *''Stereum rugosum'' <small>Pers. (1794)</small> *''Stereum sanguinolentum'' <small>(Alb. & Schwein.) Fr. (1838)</small> *''Stereum scalare'' <small>P. Karst. (1904)</small> *''Stereum scutellatum'' <small>G. Cunn. (1956)</small> *''Stereum spumeum'' <small>Burt (1920)</small> *''Stereum striatum'' <small>(Fr.) Fr. (1838)</small> *''Stereum subtomentosum'' <small>Pouzar (1964)</small> *''Stereum sulphureum'' <small>Rick (1938)</small> *''Stereum tenerum'' <small>Petch (1925)</small> *''Stereum thindii'' <small>A.B. De (1998)</small> *''Stereum tjibodense'' <small>Henn. (1899)</small> *''Stereum tomentosum'' <small>Van der Byl (1922)</small> *''Stereum transvaalium'' <small>Van der Byl (1929)</small> *''Stereum traplianum'' <small>Velen. (1922)</small> *''Stereum turgidum'' <small>Lloyd (1916)</small> *''Stereum underwoodii'' <small>Burt (1926)</small> *''Stereum unguliforme'' <small>Lloyd (1913)</small> *''Stereum unicum'' <small>Lloyd (1913)</small> *''Stereum valdezii'' <small>Lloyd (1923)</small> *''Stereum variicolor'' <small>Lloyd (1914)</small> *''Stereum vellereum'' <small>Berk. (1855)</small> *''Stereum venosulum'' <small>Henn. (1908)</small> *''Stereum xylostroma'' <small>Lloyd (1922)</small> {{div col end}}
== Habitat == ''Stereum'' species are found to live on all kinds of deadwood or hardwood or dead leaves (they are therefore said to be saprobic). Sometimes they are also found on living leaves.
== References == {{Commons category|Stereum}} {{Reflist|refs=
<ref name="Kirk 2008">{{cite book |vauthors=Kirk MP, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA |title=Dictionary of the Fungi |edition=10th |publisher=CAB International |location=Wallingford, UK |year=2008 |page=665 |isbn=978-0-85199-826-8}}</ref>
<ref name="Pouzar 1959">{{cite journal |author=Pouzar Z. |title=New genera of higher fungi III |journal=Ceská Mykologie |year=1959 |volume=13 |issue=1 |pages=10–19}}</ref>
<ref name="urlFungorum synonymy: Stereum">{{cite web |title=Synonymy: ''Stereum'' Hill ex Pers |url=http://www.speciesfungorum.org/Names/SynSpecies.asp?RecordID=18596 |publisher=Species Fungorum CAB International |access-date=2014-03-04}}</ref>
}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q556723}} {{Authority control}}
Category:Fungal tree pathogens and diseases Category:Russulales genera Category:Stereaceae