{{Short description|American academic (1933–2020)}} {{Use mdy dates|date=November 2022}} {{infobox writer <!-- for more information see :Template:Infobox writer/doc --> | image = | birth_name = Stephen Walter Booth | birth_date = {{Birth date|1933|04|20}} | birth_place = New York | death_date = {{Death date and age|2020|11|22|1933|04|20}} | death_place = Berkeley, California | occupation = Scholar, University of California, Berkeley Professor | language = English | education = Phillips Academy, Andover | alma_mater = Harvard University (BA, PhD) <br>Trinity College, Cambridge University (BA, MA) | subject = Shakespeare, Renaissance | notableworks = ''Shakespeare’s Sonnets: Edited with Analytic Commentary'' (New Haven, CT: Yale UP, 1977) }}
'''Stephen Booth''' (April 20, 1933 – November 22, 2020)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Stephen Booth (1933-2020)|url=https://shaksper.net/current-postings/33850-stephen-booth-1933-2020|access-date=2021-03-27|website=shaksper.net}}</ref> was a professor of English literature at the University of California, Berkeley. He was a leading Shakespearean scholar.
== Life == Booth studied at Harvard University (A.B., Ph.D.) and the University of Cambridge (B.A., M.A.) where he was a Marshall Scholar.<ref>{{cite web |title=Stephen Booth |url=https://americanshakespearecenter.com/people/stephen-booth/ |website=American Shakespeare Center |date=5 July 2018 |access-date=6 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005235522/https://americanshakespearecenter.com/people/stephen-booth/ |archive-date=2018-10-05 |url-status=live}}</ref> He was awarded a National Endowment for the Humanities Fellowship in 1968 and a Guggenheim Fellowship for 1970-71. In 1991, Georgetown University gave him an honorary degree, Doctor of Humane Letters. He received the OBE (Order of the British Empire) in 1995.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Stephen Booth (1933-2020)|url=https://shaksper.net/current-postings/33850-stephen-booth-1933-2020|access-date=2021-03-27|website=shaksper.net}}</ref>
Booth first attracted attention with his controversial 1969 essays ''On the Value of Hamlet'' and ''An Essay on Shakespeare's Sonnets.'' He pointed out the "mental gymnastics" of close reading.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Williams|first=Travis D.|date=2017-06-23|title=Stephen Booth, Close Reading without Readings: Essays on Shakespeare and Others|url=https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/693144|journal=Modern Philology|volume=115|issue=2|pages=E99–E101|doi=10.1086/693144|issn=0026-8232|url-access=subscription}}</ref> He notes that "all of us were brought up on the idea that what poets say is sublime – takes us beyond reason; my commentary tries to describe the physics by which we get there."<ref>{{Citation|last=Shakespeare|first=William|editor1-first=Thomas George|editor1-last=Tucker|title=COMMENTARY|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511693762.004|work=The Sonnets of Shakespeare|year=2009|pages=79–230|place=Cambridge|publisher=Cambridge University Press|doi=10.1017/cbo9780511693762.004|isbn=978-0-511-69376-2|access-date=2021-03-27|url-access=subscription}}</ref> Frank Kermode praised ''On the Value of Hamlet'' in the New York Review of Books in 1970 as being worth several full books of Shakespeare studies.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Kermode|first1=Frank|title=A New Era in Shakespeare Criticism?|journal=New York Review of Books|date=November 5, 1970|volume=15|issue=8}}</ref>
In 1977 he published an edition with "analytic commentary" of the sonnets for which he won both the 1977 James Russell Lowell Prize and the 1978 Explicator Prize.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Stephen Booth (1933-2020)|url=https://shaksper.net/current-postings/33850-stephen-booth-1933-2020|access-date=2021-03-27|website=shaksper.net}}</ref> ''Shakespeare's Sonnets, Edited with Analytic Commentary'' was well-received, described as a "heroic enterprise" and "something of a miracle."<ref>{{Cite news|last=Barber|first=C. L.|title='Full to Overflowing'|journal=New York Review of Books|language=en|url=https://www.nybooks.com/articles/1978/04/06/full-to-overflowing/|access-date=2021-03-27|issn=0028-7504}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Neely|first=Carol Thomas|date=1979|title=Review of Shakespeare's Sonnets|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/437513|journal=Modern Philology|volume=77|issue=2|pages=210–214|doi=10.1086/390939|jstor=437513|issn=0026-8232|url-access=subscription}}</ref> Paul Alpers, a pre-eminent scholar of the English Renaissance said that Booth's close readings are the "equivalent of a scientific breakthrough." G. F. Waller, of the ''Dalhousie Review,'' said his edition "constitute[d] a landmark in Shakespearean criticism... [It] is a work of first-rate importance, hopefully a precursor of a long-needed revolution in our understanding of reading Shakespeare."<ref>{{Cite web|title=Download Shakespearean Criticism, Volume 129: Criticism of William Shakespeare's Plays and Poetry, from the First Published Appraisals to Current Evaluations|url=http://infinity.wecabrio.com/1414447744-shakespearean-criticism-volume-129-criticism-of-w.pdf|access-date=2021-03-27|website=infinity.wecabrio.com}}</ref>
Booth published ''King Lear, Macbeth, Indefinition, and Tragedy'' in 1983, probably his best-known work after the study of the sonnets. His most recent book, ''Precious Nonsense: The Gettysburg Address, Ben Jonson's Epitaphs on His Children, and Twelfth Night'' explores "what is it we value literature for. And what is it in the works we value most highly that makes us value them above others like them."<ref>{{Cite book|last=STEPHEN.|first=BOOTH|url=https://worldcat.org/oclc/1154111607|title=PRECIOUS NONSENSE : the gettysburg address, ben jonson's epitaphs on his children, and twelfth... night.|date=2021|publisher=UNIV OF CALIFORNIA PRESS|isbn=978-0-520-36405-9|oclc=1154111607}}</ref> These questions are central to his literary analysis.
==Works== Among Booth's published works are:
*''The Book Called Holinshed's Chronicles: An Account of Its Inception, Purposes, Contributors, Contents, Publication, Revision, and Influence on William Shakespeare.'' San Francisco: Book Club of California, 1969. *"On the Value of Hamlet" in ''Reinterpretations of Elizabethan Drama: Selected Papers from the English Institute'', ed. Norman Rabkin, 137-176. New York: Columbia U P, 1969. *''An Essay on Shakespeare's Sonnets''. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1969 [paperback, 1972]. *"A Sullied, Sallied, Solid Text." ''The New York Review of Books'' 21, no. 20 (December 12, 1974) ([https://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/1974/dec/12/a-sullied-sallied-solid-text/ excerpt]) *"Shakespeare in California, 1974-75." ''Shakespeare Quarterly'' 27, no. 1 (1976): 94-108. *"Shakespeare at Valley Forge: The International Shakespeare Association Congress, 1976." ''Shakespeare Quarterly'' 27, no. 3 (1976): 231-42. *"Syntax as Rhetoric in ''Richard II''," ''Mosaic'', 10:3 (Spring 1977), 87-103. *"Shakespeare in California and Utah." ''Shakespeare Quarterly'' 28, no. 2 (1977): 229-44. *''Shakespeare's Sonnets, Edited with Analytic Commentary''. New Haven, 1977 (Rev. ed., 1978; paperback, 1979; Rev.ed., 2000). (excerpts at [https://books.google.com/books?id=OaifjY-a5a0C Google Books]) *"Seven Directors at a Blow." ''Shakespeare Quarterly'' 29, no. 2 (1978): 308,10, 312-14. *"Shakespeare in the San Francisco Bay Area." ''Shakespeare Quarterly'' 29, no 2 (1978): 267-78. *"Speculations on Doubling in Shakespeare’s Plays," in ''Shakespeare: The Theatrical Dimension.'' Ed. Philip C. McGuire, David A. Samuelson (AMS Studies in the Renaissance, 1979). *"''Henry IV, Part Two'' and the Aesthetics of Failure" in ''The Shakespeare Plays: A Study Guide for the Second Season.'' Ed. John F. Andrews. Dubuque, IA: Kendall/Hunt, 1980, 89-93. *"Exit Pursued by a Gentleman Born" in ''Shakespeare's Art from a Comparative Prospective'', ed. W.M. Aycock (Lubbock, 1981), 51–66. *"Milton's 'How Soon Hath Time': A Colossus in a Cherrystone." ''ELH'' 49 no. 2 (1982): 449-67 (with Jordan Flyer). *''"King Lear," "Macbeth," Indefinition and Tragedy''. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1983. *"Poetic Richness: A Preliminary Audit." ''Pacific Coast Philology'' XIX, nos.1-2 (1984): 68-78. *"The Shakespearean Actor as Kamikaze Pilot." ''Shakespeare Quarterly'' 36, no. 5 (1985): 553-70. *"Twelfth Night 1.1.: The Audience as Malvolio," in ''Shakespeare’s ‘Rough Magic’: Renaissance Essays in Honor of C. L. Barber''. Ed. P. Erickson & C. Kahn (University of Delaware Press, 1985), 149-167. *"The Best ''Othello'' I Ever Saw", ''Shakespeare Quarterly'' 40, no. 3 (1989): 332-36. *"Liking ''Julius Caesar''." Living with Shakespeare [pamphlet]. Ashland, Oregon: Southern Oregon State College Center for Shakespeare Studies, 1991. *"The Shenandoah Shakespeare Express." ''Shakespeare Quarterly'' 43, no. 4 (1992): 476-83. *"Close Reading without Readings" in ''Shakespeare Reread: The Texts in New Contexts'', ed. Russ McDonald (Ithaca: Cornell, 1994), 42–55. (excerpts at [https://books.google.com/books?id=VFsYlXbEydsC&pg=PA42 Google Books]) *"The Coherences of ''1 Henry IV'' and of ''Hamlet''" in ''Shakespeare Set Free: Teaching ''Hamlet'' and ''1 Henry IV'','' ed. Peggy O'Brien (New York: Washington Square Press, 1994), 32–46. *"''Twelfth Night'' and ''Othello'': Those Extraordinary Twins" in ''Shakespeare Set Free: Teaching Twelfth Night and Othello'', ed. Peggy O'Brien (New York: Washington Square Press, 1995), 22–32. *"The Function of Criticism at the Present Time and All Others." ''Shakespeare Quarterly'' 41, no. 2 (1990): 262-68. Reprinted in ''Teaching Literature: A Collection of Essays on Theory and Practice'', ed. L.A. Jacobus (1996). *"Precious Nonsense: The Gettysburg Address, Ben Jonson's Epitaphs on His Children, and ''Twelfth Night.''" Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998. *"Shakespeare's Language and the Language of Shakespeare's Time." ''Shakespeare Survey'' 50 (1998), 1-17. (excerpts at [https://books.google.com/books?id=Z0b5vsqmr6QC&pg=PA1 Google Books]) *"A Long, Dull Poem by William Shakespeare." ''Shakespeare Studies'' 25 (1998): 229-37. (excerpts at [https://books.google.com/books?id=-iZhhxVqvqAC&pg=PA230 Google Books]) *"On the Aesthetics of Acting," in ''Shakespearean Illuminations: Essays in Honor of Marvin Rosenberg'', ed. Jay L. Halio and Hugh Richmond, 255–66. Cranbury, NJ: Associated University Presses, 1998. *"The Physics of Hamlet’s ‘Rogue and Peasant Slave’ Speech" in ''A Certain Text: Close Readings and Textual Studies on Shakespeare and Others in Honor of Thomas Clayton'', ed., Linda Anderson and Janis Lull, 75–93. Cranbury, NJ: Associated University Presses, 2002. *"A Discourse on the Witty Partition of ''A Midsummer Night's Dream.'' In ''Inside Shakespeare: Essays on the Blackfriars Stage,'' ed. Paul Menzer, 216-22. Selingrove, PA: Susquehanna University Press, 2006. *"On the Eventfulness of ''Hero and Leander.'' In ''Christopher Marlowe the Craftsman: Lives, Stage and Page'', ed. Sarah K. Scott and M. L. Stapleton, 125-36. Burlington, VT: Ashgate Publishing, 2010. *"Who Doesn't Listen in Shakespeare?" in ''Who Hears in Shakespeare? Auditory Worlds on Stage and Screen'', ed. Laury Magnus and Walter W. Cannon, 235-40. Madison, NJ: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 2012.
==Honors and awards== *James Russell Lowell Prize from the Modern Language Association for ''Shakespeare's Sonnets'' (1977)<ref>[https://www.mla.org/Resources/Career/MLA-Honors-and-Awards/Winners-of-MLA-Prizes/Annual-Prize-and-Award-Winners/James-Russell-Lowell-Prize-Winners James Russell Lowell Prize Winners]</ref> *Distinguished Teaching Award from the University of California at Berkeley (1982)<ref>[https://teaching.berkeley.edu/programs/distinguished-teaching-award/past-dta-recipients Past DTA Awards Recipients - Stephen Booth]</ref>
==References== {{Reflist}}
==Further reading== {{Refbegin}} *{{cite journal |title = Shakespeare's Genius is Nonsense: What the Bard can teach science about language and the limits of the human mind |last1 = Hinchliffe |first1 = Jillian |last2 = Frey |first2 = Seth |journal = Nautilus |issue = 18, Genius |date = October 9, 2014 |issn = 2372-1766 |url = https://nautil.us/issue/18/genius/shakespeares-genius-is-nonsense |ref = none }} {{Refend}} {{Refbegin}} *{{cite book |title = Reading What's There: Essays on Shakespeare in Honor of Stephen Booth |last1 = Collins |first1 = Michael J. |publisher = University of Delaware Press |location = Newark |date = 2014 |ref = none }} {{Refend}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Booth, Stephen}} Category:1933 births Category:2020 deaths Category:Harvard University alumni Category:American literary critics Category:Shakespearean scholars Category:University of California, Berkeley College of Letters and Science faculty