{{Short description|Genus of fishes}} {{Automatic taxobox | image = Stenotomus chrysops (S0568) (12592129064).jpg | image_caption = ''Stenotomus chrysops'' | taxon = Stenotomus | authority = [[Theodore Gill|Gill]], 1865 | type_species = ''[[Stenotomus chrysops|Sparus argyrops]]'' | type_species_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1766<ref name = CofF/> | synonyms = {{Genus list | Mimocubiceps | [[Henry Weed Fowler|Fowler]], 1944 | Otrynter | [[David Starr Jordan|D. S. Jordan]] & [[Barton Warren Evermann|Evermann]], 1896 | Stenesthes | D. S. Jordan, 1917 }} | synonyms_ref = <ref name = CofF>{{Cof family|family=Sparidae|access-date=22 February 2024}}</ref> }} '''''Stenotomus''''' is a genus of marine [[Actinopterygii|ray-finned fish]] belonging to the [[Family (taxonomy)|family]] [[Sparidae]], which includes the seabreams and porgies. The fishes in this genus are found in the western Atlantic Ocean.
==Taxonomy== ''Stenotomus'' was first proposed as a [[monospecific genus]] in 1864 by the American [[biologist]] [[Theodore Gill]] with ''Sparus argyrops'' as its only species.<ref name = CofF/> ''S. argyrops'' was first formally [[Species description|described]] by Carl Linnaeus in [[12th edition of Systema Naturae|''Systema naturae sive regna tria naturae'']] published in 1766 with its [[Type locality (biology)|type localities]] given as [[Carolinas|Carolina]] and Jamaica.<ref name = CofF2>{{Cof genus|genus=Stenotomus|access-date=22 February 2024}}</ref> ''Sp. aryrops'' is now regarded as a [[junior synonym]] of ''Sparus chrysops''.<ref name = CofF2/> This genus is classified in the family Sparidae within the [[Order (biology)|order]] [[Spariformes]] by the 5th edition of ''[[Fishes of the World]]''.<ref name = Nelson5>{{cite book |author1=Nelson, J.S. |author1-link=Joseph S. Nelson |author2=Grande, T.C. |author3=Wilson, M.V.H. |year=2016 |title=Fishes of the World |edition=5th |publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]] |place=Hoboken, NJ |pages=502–506 |isbn=978-1-118-34233-6 |lccn=2015037522 |oclc=951899884 |ol=25909650M |doi=10.1002/9781119174844}}</ref> Some authorities classify this genus in the subfamily Pagellinae,<ref name = Parenti>{{cite journal |author= Parenti, P. |year=2019 |title=An annotated checklist of the fishes of the family Sparidae |journal=FishTaxa |volume=4 |issue=2 |pages=47–98 |url= https://fishtaxa.com/menuscript/index.php/ft/article/view/49/52}}</ref> but the 5th edition of ''Fishes of the World'' does not recognise subfamilies within the Sparidae.<ref name = Nelson5/>
==Etymology== ''Stenotomus'' combines ''stenos'', meaning "narrow", and ''tomos'', meaning "cutting", an allusion to the slender [[incisor]]s these fishes possess.<ref name = ETYFish>{{cite web |url=https://etyfish.org/acanthuriformes6/ |title=Order ACANTHURIFORMES (part 6): Families GERREIDAE, LETHRINIDAE, NEMIPTERIDAE and SPARIDAE |date=12 January 2024 |access-date=21 February 2024 |author=Christopher Scharpf |work=The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database |publisher=Christopher Scharpf}}</ref>
==Species== ''Stemotomus'' contains two recognized species:<ref name = Fishbase>{{FishBase genus|genus=Stenotomus|month=October|year=2023}}</ref> * ''[[Stenotomus caprinus]]'' <small>[[David Starr Jordan|D. S. Jordan]] & [[Charles Henry Gilbert|Gilbert]], 1882</small> (Longspine porgy) * ''[[Stenotomus chrysops]]'' <small>([[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1766)</small> (Scup)
==Characteristics== ''Stenotomus'' porgies have deep and compressed bodies. The dorsal profile of the head is steep, the head is not very deep below the eye. The margin of the [[preoperculum]] is smooth. The small mouth opens at the front and the preorbital bone overlaps with the rear of the [[maxilla]]. The teeth in the front of the jaws are highly flattened incisors, thinner at the base and at the tips. There are rows of molars at the sides of the jaws. The [[dorsal fin]] contains 13 spines with the 1st spine being recumbent and the [[anal fin]] contains 3 spines. The pectoral fin is long and the [[caudal fin]] is forked. There are scales on the cheeks and the [[Operculum (fish)|operculum]], although there are no scales at the front of the head.<ref name = STRI>{{cite web |url=https://biogeodb.stri.si.edu/caribbean/en/thefishes/taxon/3761 |title=Genus: Stenotomus, Porgies, Scup Porgy, Scups |access-date=22 February 2024 |work=Shorefishes of the Greater Caribbean online information system |publisher=[[Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute]]}}</ref> The largest species is the scup with a maximum published [[total length]] of {{cvt|46|cm}}, while the longspine porgy has a maximum published total length of {{cvt|30|cm}}.<ref name = Fishbase/>
==Distribution== ''Stenotomus'' porgies are found in the western Atlantic Ocean between [[Nova Scotia]] and the [[Yucatán Peninsula]].<ref name = CofF2/>
==References== {{Reflist}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q1980894}}
[[Category:Sparidae]] [[Category:Spariform fish genera]] [[Category:Taxa named by Theodore Gill]]