{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}} {{Automatic taxobox |image = Stenanthium gramineum (1014705818).jpg |image_caption = Flowers of ''Stenanthium gramineum'' |taxon = Stenanthium |authority = (A.Gray) Kunth |synonyms_ref = <ref name=wcsp>WCSP_Stenanthium>Search for "Stenanthium", {{Cite web |title=World Checklist of Selected Plant Families |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |url=http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/ |accessdate=2013-08-23}}</ref> |synonyms = * ''Oceanoros'' <small>Small</small> * ''Tracyanthus'' <small>Small</small> }}

'''''Stenanthium''''' is a North American genus of flowering plants in the tribe Melanthieae of the family Melanthiaceae.

'''Featherbells''' is a common name for plants in this genus.<ref>{{PLANTS|id=STENA2|taxon=Stenanthium|accessdate=2 December 2015}}</ref>

==Taxonomy== Molecular phylogenetic studies in the 21st century have resulted in number of changes to placements within this tribe.

Three species were removed from the genus to ''Anticlea'' and two or three (depending on whether ''S.&nbsp;leimanthoides'' is maintained as a separate species) added from ''Zigadenus'' sensu lato, the deathcamases.<ref name=ZomlJudd02>{{cite journal| last = Zomlefer| first = WB|author2=WS Judd | title = Resurrection of Segregates of the Polyphyletic Genus Zigadenus s.l. (Liliales: Melanthiaceae) and Resulting New Combinations| journal = Novon| volume = 12| issue = 2| pages = 299–308 |year = 2002 |jstor = 3392971 |doi = 10.2307/3392971| bibcode = 2002Novon..12..299Z| url = https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/36508}}</ref> (See also Phylogeny of Melanthieae.) Members of ''Stenanthium'', as currently circumscribed, may also be distinguished from other deathcamases by having a slender cylindrical bulb and the lack of sarcotesta on its brown seeds. They occur in the eastern and south-central United States.<ref>{{cite journal| last = Zomlefer| first = WB|author2=NH Williams |author3=WM Whitten |author4=WS Judd | title = Generic circumscriptions and relationships in the tribe Melanthieae (Liliales, Melanthiaceae), with emphasis on ''Zigadenus'': Evidence from ITS and ''TRNL-F'' sequence data| journal = American Journal of Botany| volume = 88| issue = 9| jstor = 3558411| pages = 1657–1669| publisher = Botanical Society of America| year = 2001| doi = 10.2307/3558411 |pmid=21669700}}</ref><ref name=ZomlJudd02/>

===Species=== Species include: {| class="wikitable" |- ! Image !! Scientific name !! Common name!! Distribution |- |||''Stenanthium densum'' <small>(Desr.) Zomlefer & Judd</small> || Osceola's plume || southeastern United States from Texas to Virginia |- | ||''Stenanthium diffusum'' <small>Wofford</small> || || Tennessee |- |120px ||''Stenanthium gramineum'' <small>(Ker Gawl.) Morong</small> || eastern featherbells || eastern + south-central United States from eastern Texas to Florida north to Michigan and Connecticut.<ref>[http://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile?symbol=STGR2 USDA Plants Profile for ''Stenanthium gramineum'' (eastern featherbells)] . accessed 6.26.2017.</ref> |- |120px||''Stenanthium leimanthoides'' <small>(A.Gray) Zomlefer & Judd</small> || pine barren deathcamas || eastern + south-central United States from eastern Texas to Florida north to New York |- | ||''Stenanthium macrum'' <small>Sorrie & Weakley</small><ref name=ipnimac>{{cite web |title=Stenanthium macrum|url=http://beta.ipni.org/n/77175257-1|website=ipni.org |publisher=International Plant Names Index|accessdate=2018-10-03}}</ref> || || Gulf Coast, from Texas to Florida |- |120px || ''Stenanthium occidentale'' <small>A.Gray</small> || western featherbells || native to the Pacific Northwest, the Klamath Mountains in northwestern California, and Western Canada.<ref>[http://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile?symbol=STOC USDA Plants Profile for ''Stenanthium occidentale'' (western featherbells)] . accessed 6.26.2017.</ref><ref>[http://www.calflora.org/cgi-bin/species_query.cgi?where-calrecnum=7782 Calflora Database: ''Stenanthium occidentale'' (Western featherbells, Western stenanthium)] . accessed 6.26.2017.</ref><ref>[http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=45534 Jepson eFlora (TJM2) treatment of ''Stenanthium occidentale''] . accessed 6.26.2017.</ref><ref>[http://calphotos.berkeley.edu/cgi/img_query?query_src=ucjeps&where-genre=Plant&where-taxon=Stenanthium%20occidentale&title_tag=Stenanthium%20occidentale UC CalPhotos gallery of ''Stenanthium occidentale'']</ref> |- | ||''Stenanthium tennesseense'' <small>Sorrie & Weakley</small><ref name=ipniten>{{cite web |title=Stenanthium tennesseense|url=http://beta.ipni.org/n/77175256-1|website=ipni.org |publisher=International Plant Names Index|accessdate=2018-10-03}}</ref> || || southern Tennessee |- |}

Different botanists and sources recognize different numbers of distinct species. The Flora of North America and USDA recognize two: ''Stenanthium gramineum'' and ''Stenanthium occidentale''.<ref>[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=131349 eFloras.org: ''Stenanthium'' treatment] . accessed 6.26.2017.</ref><ref>[http://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile?symbol=STENA2 USDA: ''Stenanthium'' treatment]. accessed 6.26.2017.</ref> Several sources recognize ''S.&nbsp;leimanthoides'' as a separate species.<ref name=NYPA>{{cite web |url=http://newyork.plantatlas.usf.edu/Plant.aspx?id=1807 |title=Stenanthium leimanthoides|author=Weldy, Troy|author2=David Werier|author3=Andrew Nelson|name-list-style=amp |date=2013 |website=New York Flora Atlas|publisher= Florida Center for Community Design and Research. New York Flora Association.|accessdate=2013-08-21}}</ref><ref>[http://bonap.net/NAPA/TaxonMaps/Genus/County/Stenanthium Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution maps]</ref><ref name=powoleim>{{cite web|title=Stenanthium leimanthoides|url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1150233-2|website=Plants of the World Online|publisher=Royal Botanical Gardens Kew |accessdate=2018-10-03}}</ref><ref name=sorrie2017>{{cite journal |last1=Sorrie |first1=Bruce A. |author-link1=Bruce A. Sorrie |last2=Weakley |first2=Alan S. |author-link2=Alan S. Weakley |title=Stenanthium leimanthoides and S. densum (Melanthiaceae) revisited, with the description of two new species |journal=Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas |date=2017 |volume=11 |issue=2 |pages=275–286|doi=10.17348/jbrit.v11.i2.1068 |s2cid=244564260 |doi-access=free }}</ref> The World Checklist of Selected Plant Families recognized three species in 2013, treating ''S.&nbsp;leimanthoides'' as a synonym of ''S.&nbsp;densum''.<ref name=wcsp/> Plants of the World Online treats ''S. occidentale'' as a synonym of ''Anticlea occidentale''.<ref name=powoocc>{{cite web|title=Stenanthium occidentale|url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:244546-2|website=Plants of the World Online|publisher=Royal Botanical Gardens Kew |accessdate=2018-10-03}}</ref> Research by Sorrie and Weakley (2017) described two new species of ''Stenanthium'' in the southeastern United States: ''S. macrum'' and ''S. tennesseense''.<ref name=sorrie2017/>

==See also== * {{C|Melanthiaceae genera}} <!--cats not seen on mobile version-->

==References== {{Reflist|30em}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q528774}}

Category:Melanthiaceae Category:Flora of the Eastern United States Category:Flora of the Northwestern United States Category:Flora of Western Canada Category:Flora of California Category:Taxa named by Asa Gray Category:Taxa named by Carl Sigismund Kunth Category:Melanthiaceae genera