{{Short description|Genus of algae}} {{Automatic taxobox | image = Stauridium tetras as Micrasterias tetras.JPG | image_caption = ''Stauridium tetras'' | taxon = Stauridium | authority = Corda, 1839 | type_species = ''Stauridium tetras'' | type_species_authority = (Ehrenberg) E.Hegewald<ref name=Buchheim/> | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision_ref = <ref name=AlgaeBase>{{AlgaeBase genus|Stauridium|id=50346|access-date=2023-05-14}}</ref> | subdivision = * ''Stauridium tetras'' * ''Stauridium privum'' }}
'''''Stauridium''''' is a genus of green algae in the family Hydrodictyaceae.<ref>See the NCBI [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=427905 webpage on Stauridium]. Data extracted from the {{cite web | url=https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/pub/taxonomy/ | title=NCBI taxonomy resources | publisher=National Center for Biotechnology Information | access-date=2007-03-19}}</ref> It is very common in freshwater regions throughout the world.<ref name=McManus>{{cite journal | doi=10.1111/j.1529-8817.2010.00940.x | title=Molecular Phylogenetic Relationships in the Freshwater Family Hydrodictyaceae (Sphaeropleales, Chlorophyceae), with an Emphasis on ''Pediastrum duplex'' | year=2011 | last1=McManus | first1=Hilary A. | last2=Lewis | first2=Louise A. | journal=Journal of Phycology | volume=47 | issue=1 | pages=152–163 | pmid=27021721 | s2cid=20549311 }}</ref>
==Description== ''Stauridium'' forms flat colonies, termed coenobia, of cells in powers of two, usually four, eight, or 16. Coenobia are disc-shaped in outline, composed of cells laid contiguously next to each other with no spaces in between cells. The marginal cells are trapezoidal, with (in ''S. tetras'') or without (in ''S. privum)'' a V-shaped incision in the middle.<ref name=McManus/> The cell wall is smooth or covered in granules, warts, or ridges. Cells have one chloroplast filling the cell, each with a single pyrenoid.<ref name=Bicudo_and_Menezes2006>{{cite book | title= Gêneros de Algas de Águas Continentais do Brasil: chave para identificação e descrições | edition=2 | year=2006 | first1=Carlos E. M. |last1=Bicudo | first2=Mariângela | last2= Menezes | publisher= RiMa Editora | pages=508 | isbn= 857656064X }}</ref>
Species of ''Stauridium'' have thin cell walls, so they tend not to preserve well in sediments.<ref name=Komarek_and_Jankovska>{{cite book | isbn= 978-3-443-60035-8 | title= Review of the Green Algal Genus Pediastrum; Implication for Pollen-analytical Research | year=2001 | pages = 127 | first1=Jirí |last1=Komárek |first2= Vlasta |last2=Jankovská | series=Bibliotheca Phycologica | publisher= Schweizerbart Science Publishers }}</ref>
==Taxonomy== Although ''Stauridium'' was first described by August Carl Joseph Corda in 1839, for most of its history it was considered to be a synonym of ''Pediastrum''. In 2005, molecular phylogenetic analyses showed that ''Pediastrum'' ''sensu lato'' was paraphyletic with respect to ''Hydrodictyon''. Therefore, ''Pediastrum'' was split up into several genera, including ''Stauridium''.<ref name=Buchheim>{{cite journal | doi=10.1111/j.1529-8817.2005.00129.x | title=Phylogeny of the Hydrodictyaceae (Chlorophyceae): Inferences from rDNA Data | year=2005 | last1=Buchheim | first1=Mark | last2=Buchheim | first2=Julie | last3=Carlson | first3=Tracy | last4=Braband | first4=Anke | last5=Hepperle | first5=Dominik | last6=Krienitz | first6=Lothar | last7=Wolf | first7=Matthias | last8=Hegewald | first8=Eberhard | journal=Journal of Phycology | volume=41 | issue=5 | pages=1039–1054 | s2cid=83698514 }}</ref>
==References== {{Reflist|1}}
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Category:Sphaeropleales genera Category:Sphaeropleales
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