{{short description|Chemical compound}} {{Drugbox | Verifiedfields = changed | Watchedfields = changed | verifiedrevid = 462258838 | IUPAC_name = (2''R'')-2-({[''trans''-4-(1-methylethyl)cyclohexyl]carbonyl}amino)-3-phenylpropanoic acid | image = Nateglinide.svg | image_class = skin-invert-image <!--Clinical data--> | tradename = Starlix | Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|monograph|nateglinide}} | MedlinePlus = a699057 | licence_EU = yes | licence_US = Nateglinide | pregnancy_category = | legal_UK = POM | legal_US = Rx-only | legal_status = | routes_of_administration = Oral <!--Pharmacokinetic data--> | bioavailability = | protein_bound = 98% | metabolism = | elimination_half-life = 1.5 hours <!--Identifiers--> | IUPHAR_ligand = 6833 | CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}} | CAS_number = 105816-04-4 | ATC_prefix = A10 | ATC_suffix = BX03 | ATC_supplemental = | PubChem = 60026 | DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}} | DrugBank = DB00731 | ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} | ChemSpiderID = 10482084 | UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} | UNII = 41X3PWK4O2 | KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|changed|kegg}} | KEGG = D01111 | ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}} | ChEBI = 31897 | ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}} | ChEMBL = 286559 <!--Chemical data--> | C=19 | H=27 | N=1 | O=3 | smiles = O=C(N[C@H](Cc1ccccc1)C(O)=O)[C@H]2CC[C@@H](CC2)C(C)C | StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChI = 1S/C19H27NO3/c1-13(2)15-8-10-16(11-9-15)18(21)20-17(19(22)23)12-14-6-4-3-5-7-14/h3-7,13,15-17H,8-12H2,1-2H3,(H,20,21)(H,22,23)/t15-,16-,17-/m1/s1 | StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChIKey = OELFLUMRDSZNSF-BRWVUGGUSA-N }} '''Nateglinide''' (INN, trade name '''Starlix''') is a drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Nateglinide was developed by Ajinomoto, a Japanese company and sold by the Swiss pharmaceutical company Novartis.
Nateglinide belongs to the meglitinide class of blood glucose-lowering drugs.
==Pharmacology== Nateglinide lowers blood glucose by stimulating the release of insulin from the pancreas. It achieves this by closing ATP-dependent potassium channels in the membrane of the β cells. This depolarizes the β cells and causes voltage-gated calcium channels to open. The resulting calcium influx induces fusion of insulin-containing vesicles with the cell membrane, and insulin secretion occurs.
==Contraindications== Nateglinide is contraindicated in patients who: * have known hypersensitivity to the compound or any ingredient in the formulation. * are affected with type 1 (namely insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. * are in diabetic ketoacidosis.
==Comparisons with other drugs for type 2 diabetes== A study funded by Novo Nordisk, the U.S. distributor for Repaglinide, compared their product with Nateglinide in "A randomized, parallel-group, open-label, multicenter 16-week clinical trial".<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Rosenstock J, Hassman DR, Madder RD, Brazinsky SA, Farrell J, Khutoryansky N, Hale PM | title = Repaglinide versus nateglinide monotherapy: a randomized, multicenter study | journal = Diabetes Care | volume = 27 | issue = 6 | pages = 1265–70 | date = June 2004 | pmid = 15161773 | doi = 10.2337/diacare.27.6.1265 | url = http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/27/6/1265.full | access-date = 2014-11-20 | publisher = American Diabetes Association | doi-access = free }}</ref> They concluded that the two were similar, but "repaglinide monotherapy was significantly more effective than nateglinide monotherapy in reducing HbA1c and FPG values after 16 weeks of therapy."
==Dosage== Nateglinide is delivered in 60 mg & 120 mg tablet form.
== See also == *Repaglinide
== References == {{Reflist}}
== External links == {{commonscat}} *[http://www.starlix.com/index.jsp Starlix] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090906140945/http://www.starlix.com/index.jsp |date=2009-09-06 }} - website of the manufacturer. *[https://web.archive.org/web/20090302224002/http://www.starlix.com/info/about/howitworks.jsp How Nateglinide Works] - website of the manufacturer.
{{Oral hypoglycemics}} {{Ion channel modulators}}
Category:Potassium channel blockers Category:Meglitinides Category:Carboxamides Category:Isopropyl compounds Category:Cyclohexanes