{{Short description|Family of bacteria}} {{Automatic taxobox | image = Staphylococcus_aureus_VISA_2.jpg | image_caption = ''[[Staphylococcus aureus]]'' | taxon = Staphylococcaceae | authority = Akatov et al. 1988 ex Schleifer and Bell 2010<ref name=LPSN /> | subdivision_ranks = [[Genera]] | subdivision_ref = <ref name=LPSN /> | subdivision = See text | synonyms = * Staphylococceae <small>Prévot 1940</small> }}
'''Staphylococcaceae''', from [[Ancient Greek]] σταφυλή (''staphulḗ''), meaning "bunch of grapes", and κόκκος (''kókkos''), meaning "sphere", are a [[family (taxonomy)|family]] of [[Gram-positive]] [[bacteria]] that includes the [[genus]] ''[[Staphylococcus]]'', noted for encompassing several medically significant [[pathogens]].
The five genera ''[[Jeotgalicoccus]]'', ''[[Macrococcus]]'', ''[[Nosocomiicoccus]]'', ''[[Salinicoccus]]'', and ''Staphylococcus'' have been shown to be [[monophyly|monophyletic]], while ''[[Gemella]]'' appears to be [[polyphyly|polyphyletic]]. The pathogen [[Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus|methicillin-resistant ''Staphylococcus aureus'']] is a member of this family.
The most famous species in this family is ''[[Staphylococcus aureus]]'', usually found in the skin [[microbiota]]. ''Staphylococcus aureus'' is the [[pathogenic bacteria]] with the highest global mortality in 2019, with approximatively 1.1 million deaths.<ref>{{Cite journal |author=((GBD 2019 Antimicrobial Resistance Collaborators)) |date=2022 |title=Global mortality associated with 33 bacterial pathogens in 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 |journal=The Lancet |volume=400 |issue=10369 |pages=2221–2248 |doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(22)02185-7 |issn=0140-6736 |pmc=9763654 |pmid=36423648}}</ref>
==Phylogeny== The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the [[List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]] (LPSN)<ref name=LPSN>{{cite web |author=A.C. Parte |url=https://lpsn.dsmz.de/family/staphylococcaceae |title=Staphylococcaceae |access-date=2025-02-28 |publisher=[[List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]] (LPSN) |display-authors=et al.}}</ref> and [[National Center for Biotechnology Information]] (NCBI).<ref name=NCBI>{{cite web |author=C.L. Schoch |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Tree&id=90964&lvl=3&p=has_linkout&p=blast_url&p=genome_blast&lin=f&keep=1&srchmode=1&unlock |title=Staphylococcaceae |access-date=2025-02-28 |publisher=[[National Center for Biotechnology Information]] (NCBI) taxonomy database |display-authors=et al.}}</ref>
GTDB (below) renames this taxon "Staphylococcales", as it finds that the evolutionary divergence within this taxon is more fitting of an order. Bello et al. (2023) puts the GTDB approach to familial division into a formal proposal, but the proposed names have yet to appear on any [[Validation List]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Bello |first1=Sarah |last2=Mudassir |first2=Syed Huzaifa |last3=Rudra |first3=Bashudev |last4=Gupta |first4=Radhey S. |title=Phylogenomic and molecular markers based studies on Staphylococcaceae and Gemella species. Proposals for an emended family Staphylococcaceae and three new families (Abyssicoccaceae fam. nov., Salinicoccaceae fam. nov. and Gemellaceae fam. nov.) harboring four new genera, Lacicoccus gen. nov., Macrococcoides gen. nov., Gemelliphila gen. nov., and Phocicoccus gen. nov. |journal=Antonie van Leeuwenhoek |date=October 2023 |volume=116 |issue=10 |pages=937–973 |doi=10.1007/s10482-023-01857-6}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" |- ! colspan=1 | 16S rRNA based [[The All-Species Living Tree Project|LTP]]_10_2024<ref>{{cite web |title=The LTP |url=https://imedea.uib-csic.es/mmg/ltp/#LTP| access-date=10 December 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=LTP_all tree in newick format |url=https://imedea.uib-csic.es/mmg/ltp/wp-content/uploads/ltp/LTP_all_10_2024.ntree |access-date=10 December 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=LTP_10_2024 Release Notes |url=https://imedea.uib-csic.es/mmg/ltp/wp-content/uploads/ltp/LTP_10_2024_release_notes.pdf |access-date=10 December 2024}}</ref> ! colspan=1 | 120 marker proteins based [[Genome Taxonomy Database|GTDB]] 09-RS220<ref name="about">{{cite web |title=GTDB release 09-RS220 |url=https://gtdb.ecogenomic.org/about#4%7C |website=[[Genome Taxonomy Database]] |access-date=10 May 2024}}</ref><ref name="tree">{{cite web |title=bac120_r220.sp_labels |url=https://data.gtdb.ecogenomic.org/releases/release220/220.0/auxillary_files/bac120_r220.sp_labels.tree |website=[[Genome Taxonomy Database]] |access-date=10 May 2024}}</ref><ref name="taxon_history">{{cite web |title=Taxon History |url=https://gtdb.ecogenomic.org/taxon_history/ |website=[[Genome Taxonomy Database]] |access-date=10 May 2024}}</ref> |- | style="vertical-align:top| {{Clade | style=font-size:90%;line-height:80% |1={{clade |1={{clade |label1=Staphylococcales |sublabel1=Staphylococcaceae |1={{clade |1=''[[Macrococcus]]'' <small>Kloos et al. 1998</small> <br/>[incl. ''[[Macrococcoides]]'' <small>Bello et al. 2024</small>] |2={{clade |1={{clade |1={{clade |1=''[[Abyssicoccus]]'' <small>Jiang et al. 2016</small> |2=''[[Auricoccus]]'' <small>Prakash et al. 2017</small> }} |2={{clade |1={{clade |1=''[[Corticicoccus]]'' <small>Li et al. 2017</small> |2={{clade |1=''[[Nosocomiicoccus]]'' <small>Morais et al. 2008</small> |2={{clade |1=''[[Aliicoccus]]'' <small>Amoozegar et al. 2014</small> |2=''[[Jeotgalicoccus]]'' <small>Yoon et al. 2003</small> <br/>[incl. ''[[Phocicoccus]]'' <small>Bello et al. 2024</small>] }} }} }} |2=''[[Salinicoccus]]'' <small>Ventosa et al. 1990</small> }} }} |2={{clade |1=''[[Mammaliicoccus stepanovicii]]'' |2={{clade |1=''[[Mammaliicoccus]]'' |2={{clade |1=''[[Mammaliicoccus vitulinus]]'' |2={{clade |1=''[[Mammaliicoccus lentus]]'' |2={{clade |1=''[[Mammaliicoccus sciuri]]'' <small>(Kloos, Schleifer & <br/>Smith 1976) Madhaiyan, Wirth & Saravanan 2020</small> |2=''[[Staphylococcus]]'' <small>Rosenbach 1884</small> }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} |2={{clade |1={{clade |1={{clade |label1=Gemellaceae |1=''[[Gemella]]'' <small>Berger 1960</small> }} |2=other }} |2=[[Lactobacillales]] }} }} }} | {{Clade | style=font-size:90%;line-height:80% |1={{clade |1={{clade |1={{clade |label1=Staphylococcales |1={{clade |1={{clade |label1=Gemellaceae |1=''[[Gemella]]'' <small>Berger 1960</small> }} |2={{clade |1={{clade |label1=Abyssicoccaceae |1=''[[Abyssicoccus]]'' [incl. ''[[Auricoccus]]''] |label2=Salinicoccaceae |2={{clade |1={{clade |1={{clade |1=''[[Phocicoccus]]'' |2=''[[Nosocomiicoccus]]'' }} |2=''[[Jeotgalicoccus]]'' }} |2={{clade |1=''[[Aliicoccus]]'' |2=''[[Salinicoccus]]'' }} }} }} |2={{clade |label1=Staphylococcaceae |1={{clade |1={{clade |1=''[[Macrococcus]]'' |2=''[[Macrococcoides]]'' }} |2={{clade |1=''[[Mammaliicoccus]]'' |2=''[[Staphylococcus]]'' }} }} }} }} }} }} |2=other }} |2=[[Lactobacillales]] }} }} |} Unassigned genus: *
==See also== * [[List of Bacteria genera]] * [[List of bacterial orders]]
==References== {{Reflist}}
{{Portal bar|Biology}} {{Bacteria classification}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q149116}}
[[Category:Staphylococcaceae| ]] [[Category:Bacillales]] [[Category:Bacteria families]]
{{Staphylococcaceae-stub}}