{{Short description|Early medieval Welsh bishop and saint}}{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2020}} {{Infobox saint | honorific_prefix = Saint | name = Teilo | image = St_Teilo_in_Holy_Trinity_Church%2C_Abergavenny.jpg | caption = St Teilo in Holy Trinity Church, Abergavenny | imagesize = | alt = | titles = | birth_date = c. 500 | birth_place = {{nowrap|Penally, Pembrokeshire, Wales}} | death_date = c. 560 | death_place = Llandeilo Fawr | venerated_in = Catholic Church<br/>Eastern Orthodox Church<ref>February 22 / February 9. https://www.holytrinityorthodox.com/htc/orthodox-calendar/</ref> | beatified_date = | beatified_place = | beatified_by = | canonized_date = | canonized_place = Llandaff Cathedral | canonized_by = | major_shrine = | feast_day = 9 February (Wales)<br/>25 November (Brittany)<br/>29 November (Dol) | attributes = | patronage = Cardiff | issues = | suppressed_date = | suppressed_by = | quote = }}
'''Saint Teilo''' ({{langx|la|Teliarus}}<ref name=Teilo/> or ''{{lang|la|Teliavus}}''; {{langx|br|Teliau}}<ref name=Teilo>Wainewright, John. "[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14473b.htm St. Teilo]" in ''The Catholic Encyclopedia'', Vol. XIV. Robert Appleton Co. (New York), 1912. Accessed 20 July 2013.</ref> or ''{{lang|br|Telo}}''; {{langx|fr|Télo}}<ref name=Teilo/> or ''{{lang|fr|Théleau}}''; {{circa|lk=no|500}} – 9 February {{circa|lk=no|560}}), also known as '''Eliud''',<ref name=Llandeiloorg>{{cite web|url=http://www.llandeilo.org/saint_teilo.php|title=St Teilo|publisher=Llandeilo.org|access-date=29 March 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722034731/http://www.llandeilo.org/saint_teilo.php|archive-date=22 July 2011}}</ref> was a British Christian monk, bishop, and founder of monasteries and churches. He was from Penalun (Penally) near Tenby in Pembrokeshire, south Wales.
Reputed to be a cousin, friend, and disciple of Saint David, he was bishop of Llandaff and founder of the first church at Llandaff Cathedral, where his tomb is. He also founded Llandeilo Fawr, as well as Penally Abbey at his place of birth.
==Biography== St Teilo may have been known as Eliau or Eilliau in Old Welsh.<ref name=Teilo/> He was born at Penalun (Penally) around the year 500.<ref>See John Edward Lloyd's book, 'A History of Wales', pages 143-159 for more on Saint Teilo.</ref> Teilo's father is usually identified as Ensich ap Hydwn,<ref name="Starr2008">{{cite book|author=Brian Daniel Starr|title=The Life of Saint Brychan: King of Brycheiniog and Family|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cn4-1dBc4vAC&pg=PA41|year=2008|publisher=Brian Daniel Starr|isbn=978-1-4392-0361-3|page=41}}</ref> and he was thought to be the brother of Anowed, and the uncle of Saints Ismael and Euddogwy.<ref name=Rees>Rees, W. J. (trans.) ''Liber Landavensis'', [https://books.google.com/books?id=w9cwAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA351 pp. 351] & [https://books.google.com/books?id=w9cwAQAAMAAJ&dq=ishmael%20welsh%20saint&pg=PA370 370 ff]. Welsh MSS. Society (Llandovery), 1840. Accessed 26 March 2013.</ref> In some modern sources,<ref name="stt">{{cite web|url=http://www.stteilosbishopston.co.uk/stteilo/stteilo.htm|title=Who was St Teilo?|publisher=Stteilosbishopton.co.uk|access-date=29 March 2011|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720192221/http://www.stteilosbishopston.co.uk/stteilo/stteilo.htm|archive-date=20 July 2011}}</ref> he is accounted the grandson of Ceredig son of Cunedda and thus a member of the royal family of Gwynedd which later considered Saint David among its members.<ref name=Llandeiloorg/> However, that rather dubious connection to a northern dynasty seems to depend on the Iolo Manuscripts now known to have been forged by Edward Williams.<ref name=lives>Baring-Gould, Sabine & al. ''The Lives of the Brythonic Saints'', Vol. 4, [https://books.google.com/books?id=0jLjYgygkB0C p. 348 f]. Kessinger Publishing, 2005. Accessed 26 March 2013.</ref>
Teilo's education took place at two institutions directed by saints. The first was established by the renowned Church leader and educator Dubricius (or Dyfrig), while the second was the school directed by Paulinus of Wales<ref name="can">{{Cite web|url=https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/26496/welsh-church-to-honor-courageous-leadership-of-st-teilo|title=Welsh Church to honor courageous leadership of St. Teilo|last=Mann|first=Benjamin|website=Catholic News Agency|language=en|access-date=2019-12-25}}</ref> at "Wincdi-Lantquendi" (thought to be Whitland) where he met and became a close companion of St David (Dewi).
Like many founder-bishops, they appear to have had experience in battle. Along with companions Aeddan and Ysfael, he traveled to Mynyw (St. Davids), where Dewi founded his abbey, and ousted an Irish pirate named Bwya, killed his cattle and burnt his fortress to the ground.<ref name="Houghton1948">{{cite book|last=Houghton|first=Leighton|title=In the steps of the Anglo-Saxons|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gMs_AAAAYAAJ|year=1948|publisher=Rich and Cowan| isbn=9787800373473 }}</ref> He succeeded Dubricius as Bishop of Llandaff after Dubricius retired to a hermitage on Bardsey Island. Teilo founded the first church in Llandaff,<ref name=Saint>{{Cite web|url=http://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=2166|title=St. Teilo|access-date=29 March 2011|publisher=Catholic online}}</ref> headed a monastic school, and become bishop over Glywysing & Gwent.
thumb|left|St Teilo's Church, Llantilio In the 540s yellow plague, probably the Justinian plague, affected Britain. In 549 Teilo, with a small group of monks, moved to Dol in Brittany.<ref name="stt"/> He is reported to have stayed in Brittany for seven years and seven months and so must have left in 556 or 557, although some sources imply he returned in 554.<ref name=Llandeiloorg/> They traveled through Dumnonia and were reported to have received the confession King Geraint<ref>{{cite web |title=Geraint (Gerennius), of Cornwall |url=https://www.llgc.org.uk/fileadmin/fileadmin/docs_gwefan/casgliadau/Drych_Digidol/Deunydd_print/Welsh_Classical_Dictionary/06_G.pdf |website=A Welsh Classical Dictionary |access-date=19 February 2019}}</ref> and joined Samson of Dol at Dol: to this day the fruit groves they planted are known as the groves of Teilo and Samson.<ref name="stt"/> Legend has it that Teilo was asked by Budic II of Brittany to subdue a belligerent winged dragon, which he tamed and tied to a rock in the sea off Brittany.<ref name="stt"/>
After his return to Llandeilo Fawr, where he is documented to have died on 9 February, although the year, though probably around 560, is unknown, he became one of the most venerated men in Wales. At his death Teilo's body was said to have miraculously become three identical bodies, probably because his relics were claimed by three churches, Llandaff Cathedral, Llandeilo Fawr, and Penally Abbey.<ref name=Teilo/> One tomb lies to the right of the altar of Llandaff Cathedral: his skull is kept in the south chapel in a reliquary,<ref name="stt"/> which was in the possession of the Mathew family from 1480 to 1658 after Sir David Mathew restored St. Teilo's shrine in Llandaff Cathedral, which was desecrated by pirates Briston. It was gifted by Bishop Marshall. It is stated that many miracles were witnessed there while he was alive and also later at his tomb.<ref name="Lewis1845">{{cite book|author=Samuel Lewis|title=A topographical dictionary of Wales|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vQQVAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA497|year=1845|publisher=S. Lewis and Co.|page=497}}</ref> Relics are now even more widely distributed: they are venerated at Landeleau (Finistère), Plogonnec (Finistère), and Saint-Thélo (Côtes-du-Nord).<ref name="Lewis1845"/>
==''Roman Martyrology''== thumb|Saint Teilo, 15th-century France In the 2004 edition of the ''Roman Martyrology'', Teilo is listed under 9 February with the Latin name ''Teliávus''. He is recognised as bishop and abbot at the monastery in Llandaf, Wales. He is said to have been canonized, though the exact date is not known, but he is acknowledged as one who undertook extraordinary labours in behalf of the church in Wales and Cornwall and who was also celebrated in Armorica (Brittany and surrounding provinces).<ref>''Martyrologium Romanum'', 2004, Vatican Press (Typis Vaticanis), page 142.</ref> He is not infrequently represented, as in many Breton churches, riding a stag.<ref name=Teilo/>
==Legacy== thumb|267x267px|Saint Teilo's Well, outside Llandaff Cathedral At least 25 churches and schools in Wales, Brittany, and Cornwall and Devon are dedicated to him<ref name=Teilo/> including St Teilo's Church, Llandeloy, St Teilo's Church, Llantilio Pertholey, St Teilo's Catholic Church in Whitchurch, Cardiff and St Teilo's Church in Wales High School, Cardiff, while there are three villages in Brittany named Landeleau, Landêliau and Saint-Thélo after him.<ref name=Llandeiloorg/>
St. Teilo is the Patron Saint of the city of Cardiff.
==Festival== The festival in honour of Saint Teilo is observed at different times of the year at different places: in Wales and at Saint Télo, on 9 February; at Dol, on 29 November; and on 25 November in the rest of the churches in Brittany.<ref name=Teilo/> Following 1752, however, his fair at Llandeilo in Wales was not observed on the 9th but eleven days later on the 20th or on the Sunday following that date.<ref name=sabi>Baring-Gould, Sabine & al. [https://archive.org/stream/livesofbritishsa01bariuoft#page/64/mode/2up ''The Lives of the British Saints: The Saints of Wales and Cornwall and Such Irish Saints as Have Dedications in Britain'', Vol. I, pp. 64 ff]. Chas. Clark (London), 1908. Hosted at Archive.org. Accessed 18 November 2014.</ref>
==See also== *Merthyr Dyfan
==References== {{Reflist}}
{{Bishops of St Davids}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Teilo}} Category:Children of Cunedda Category:Medieval Welsh saints Category:People from Pembrokeshire Category:500s births Category:560s deaths Category:Bishops of Llandaff Category:Bishops of St Davids Category:Burials at Llandaff Cathedral Category:Welsh Christian monks Category:Year of birth unknown Category:6th-century Christian saints Category:6th-century Welsh bishops