{{Short description|Neighbourhood of Edinburgh, Scotland}} {{Use dmy dates|date=March 2025}} {{Use British English|date=March 2025}} {{Infobox UK place | country = Scotland | official_name = St Leonard's | coordinates = {{coord|55.94006897365793|-3.1748192590334376|display=inline,title}} | scots_name = | population = 5,385 | pushpin_map = Edinburgh | pushpin_map_caption = Location within the [[City of Edinburgh council area]] | os_grid_reference = | unitary_scotland = [[City of Edinburgh (council area)|City of Edinburgh]] | lieutenancy_scotland = [[Edinburgh]] | constituency_westminster = [[Edinburgh East (UK Parliament constituency)|Edinburgh East]] | constituency_scottish_parliament = [[Edinburgh Central (Scottish Parliament constituency)|Edinburgh Central]] | post_town = EDINBURGH | postcode_district = EH8, EH9 | postcode_area = EH | dial_code = 0131 | london_distance = | edinburgh_distance = | static_image_name = Dalkeith Road, St Leonard's.jpg | static_image_caption = Dalkeith Road at St Leonard's, looking north }} '''St Leonard's''' is a neighbourhood of south-central [[Edinburgh]], [[Scotland]], [[United Kingdom]]. Once notable as a centre of industry, it is now primarily residential.
The area takes its name from the mediaeval [[St Leonard's Hospital, Edinburgh|hospital of St Leonard]], which stood on St Leonard's Hill on the edge of [[Holyrood Park]]. The hospital had fallen out of use by the mid-17th century but, by the middle of the following century, a small village had developed on the east side of the road between Edinburgh and [[Dalkeith]]. One prominent house built in this time, [[Hermits and Termits]], survives. In 1831, the [[Edinburgh and Dalkeith Railway]] opened its [[St Leonards railway station (Scotland)|northern terminus]] at St Leonard's. Later in the 19th century, businesses including [[Thomas Nelson (publisher)|Thomas Nelson & Sons]] publishers and J. & G. Stewart distillers established manufacturing operations in St Leonard's. Industry declined throughout the 20th century with the station and Nelson's Parkside Works closing in 1968. In this period, abortive plans to demolish much of the area in favour of a ring road led to "planning blight" and the destruction of many older properties. Since the 1970s, however, St Leonard's has been redeveloped as a residential neighbourhood.
St Leonard's is the site of the [[University of Edinburgh]]'s [[Pollock Halls of Residence]], including the [[Confucius Institute]] of Scotland. The [[Royal Commonwealth Pool]] – used in the [[1970 British Commonwealth Games|1970]], [[1986 Commonwealth Games|1986]] and [[2014 Commonwealth Games]] – is located here, as is St Leonard's Police Station. Until 2020, [[Scottish Widows]] was headquartered in St Leonard's. ==History== ===St Leonard's Hospital=== {{Main article|St Leonard's Hospital, Edinburgh}}
St Leonard's is named for the mediaeval [[St Leonard's Hospital, Edinburgh|hospital of St Leonard]], which was located on St Leonard's Hill on the site of what is now the former James Clark Technical School at St Leonard's Crag.<ref name=GMW244>Gifford, McWilliam, Walker 1984, p. 244.</ref><ref>Harris 1996, p. 504.</ref> [[Saint Leonard]] was a popular dedicatee of chapels and hospitals in mediaeval Scotland. In addition to [[St Leonard's College, St Andrews]], chapels and/or hospitals dedicated to the saint stood in [[Ayr]], [[Dunfermline]], [[Lanark]], and [[Roxburghshire]]. Two other dedications to Saint Leonard existed in [[Midlothian]].<ref>Smith and Paton 1940, pp. 113-114.</ref><ref>Forrest 1865, pp. 4-8.</ref><ref name=Durkan118>Durkan in McRoberts 1962, p. 118.</ref> [[File:St Leonard's Hospital.jpg|thumb|right|The remains of [[St Leonard's Hospital, Edinburgh|St Leonard's Hospital]] as they appeared in the mid-19th century]] The hospital was founded by [[David I of Scotland|David I]].<ref name=Smith114>Smith and Paton 1940, p. 114.</ref> It was granted to [[Holyrood Abbey]] by [[David II of Scotland|David II]]. The last building on St Leonard's Hill was erected in 1493: the date of its re-foundation charter from [[James IV of Scotland|James IV]] to Robert Bellenden, Abbot of Holyrood.<ref name=Smith113>Smith and Paton 1940, p. 113.</ref> The chapel of these buildings was excavated and demolished between 1854 and 1855.<ref name=Smith113/> The [[Incorporated Trades of Edinburgh|Incorporation of Hammermen]] met annually at the chapel with only a few exceptions from 1494 to 1558.<ref>Smith and Paton 1940, pp. 118-119.</ref> On 2 February 1529, members of the [[Clan Douglas|Douglas]] family and allies met near St Leonard's Chapel to form their abortive plot to assassinate [[James V of Scotland|James V]].<ref>Smith and Paton 1940, pp. 119-120.</ref> The manner of the hospital's decline is uncertain but it had definitely ceased to exist by 1653 when reference is made to "the old ruinous hous and chappell of St. Leonards".<ref>Smith and Paton 1940, pp. 127-128.</ref>
===The Lands of St Leonards===
In the mediaeval period, the Lands of St Leonards formed part of the Barony of [[Broughton, Edinburgh|Broughton]], which was gifted to the monks of [[Holyrood Abbey]] by [[David I of Scotland|David I]]. It remained in the monks' possession until the [[Scottish Reformation|Reformation]].<ref name=Smith112>Smith and Paton 1940, p. 112.</ref> These lands were bounded to the north by the [[Canongate]] and to the east as far south as [[Prestonfield, Edinburgh|Priestfield]] by [[Holyrood Park]]. Its western boundary followed the [[Pleasance (street)|Pleasance]] southward as far as what is now Drummond Street, whereafter it followed an irregular line to Mounthooly Loan (now East and West Preston Streets), which it then followed to the road to Dalkeith as far as Priestfield.<ref name=Smith1112>Smith and Paton 1940, pp. 111-112.</ref>
The Lands of St Leonards are first referred to by that name in a charter issued by [[David II of Scotland|David II]] in 1346. [[Feu (land tenure)|feuing]] of the lands appears to have begun by the middle of the 15th century, when the eastern side of the street of St Leonard (now the Pleasance) had begun to be feued. Reference is made to a "village of St Leonard" around 1650. This area now forms the northeastern tip of the modern [[Southside, Edinburgh|Southside]].<ref>Smith and Paton 1940, pp. 128-129.</ref>
At the Reformation, ownership of the Lands of St Leonards continued in the Commendators of Holyrood – successively, Robert Stewart, Adam Bothwell, and John Bothwell – until 1587, when all church lands were annexed to the Crown. That year, [[James VI of Scotland|James VI]] granted the charter of Broughton to [[Lewis Bellenden|Sir Lewis Bellenden of Auchnoule]].<ref name=Smith112/> Bellenden's grandson [[William Bellenden, 1st Lord Bellenden|William]] passed the lands to his maternal uncle, [[Robert Ker, 1st Earl of Roxburghe]] in 1627.<ref>Smith 1940, pp. 112-113.</ref> [[Charles I of England|Charles I]] granted the charters to the magistrates of Edinburgh as governors of [[George Heriot's School|Heriot's Hospital]] in 1639.<ref name=Smith113>Smith and Paton 1940, p. 113.</ref> From this time until 1737, the lands were known as Heriot's Croft and St Leonard's; in that year, the city council itself took the feu in order to provide ground for [[George Watson's Hospital]].<ref name=Forrest43>Forrest 1865, p. 43.</ref> Brown took a large portion of the sub-feu and, from 1766, began to construct [[George Square, Edinburgh|George Square]], Buccleuch Street, and Buccleuch Place.<ref name=Forrest44>Forrest 1865, p. 44.</ref>
===17th and 18th centuries=== After the [[battle of Dunbar (1650)|Battle of Dunbar]], [[David Leslie, 1st Lord Newark|David Leslie]] placed cannon on St Leonard's Hill to protect his men against [[Oliver Cromwell]]'s advance into Edinburgh. By this time, St Leonard's Hill had become a prominent site for duels: a notable example was that of Robert Aumuchty, who, on 2 April 1600, killed James Wauchope. Aumuchty himself was executed after a failed attempt to escape the [[Tolbooth, Edinburgh|Tolbooth]].<ref>Forrest 1865, pp. 32-33.</ref>
An estate north of St Leonard's Lane was developed by the Montgomery family as a market garden in the late 17th century. They built a house here in 1700 and were succeeded as proprietors by William Mein, who began to develop buildings on the estate. Mein's wife and then his children held the estate until the end of the 18th century.<ref name=Paton222>Paton 1942, p. 222.</ref> [[File:Hermits and Termits.jpg|thumb|[[Hermits and Termits]]: a surviving 18th-century house in St Leonard's]] The 18th-century development of St Leonard's around the historic burial grounds at the former hospital occasioned a poet under the nom de plume Claudero to write in 1766: {{Blockquote| Grave of the dead thrown up with spade,<br />Where long they slept full still,<br />And turnips grow from human pow,<br />Upon St Leonard's Hill.<ref>Forrest 1865, pp. 45-46.</ref> }}
By 1734, a village had practically formed in the area of the former crofts of St Leonard's Hospital, known as Hermits and Termits. In this year, the [[Hermits and Termits|house of the same name]] was constructed by William Clifton and his wife Mary.<ref name=Paton225>Paton 1942, pp. 224-225.</ref> South of this, the area known as Parkside was developed with two houses during the tenure of James Brown between 1702 and 1716.<ref name=Paton227>Paton 1942, p. 227.</ref> One of these, later known as Parkside House, survived until the latter half of the 20th century.<ref name=Paton228>Paton 1942, p. 228.</ref><ref name=Black17/> Nearby, a four-storey house was constructed in 1728. Though originally called Huntershall, it is recorded as early as 1738 under the name The Castle o' Clouts, apparently in reference to its builder: a wealthy tailor. It stood, latterly as a pub and hotel, until 1970.<ref name=Paton231>Paton 1942, p. 231.</ref><ref name=Black17>Black 1972, p. 17.</ref><ref name=Balfour8>Balfour 1900, p. 8.</ref> In 1802, physician [[Andrew Duncan (physician, born 1744)|Andrew Duncan]] took a [[Feu (land tenure)|feu]] of the northern portion of the former crofts. The same year, Jane Cleugh and John Gibson acquired the southern portion, giving it up to the [[Edinburgh and Dalkeith Railway]] in 1828.<ref name=Paton225/>
===Industry and growth=== {{Quote box |class = <!-- Advanced users only. See the "Custom classes" section below. --> |title = |quote = In walking through St. Leonards one soon gains the impression that its inhabitants are mostly of a well-to-do and highly respectable class of the City community. There is an absence even in what may, without offence, be termed its lower and more crowded quarters, of anything like a slum locality.<ref>Balfour 1900, pp. 12-13.</ref> |author = George D. Balfour |source = ''St. Leonards and its Parish Church'' (1900) |align = left |width = 35% |border = |fontsize = |bgcolor = |style = |title_bg = |title_fnt = |tstyle = |qalign = |qstyle = |quoted = |salign = |sstyle = }} In 1825, [[James Jardine (engineer)|James Jardine]] recommended St Leonard's as the site of the northern terminus of a railway line to connect the [[Midlothian]] coalfields with Edinburgh.<ref name=Innocent2>{{cite web|last1=Sagrott|first1=Stefan|url=https://blog.historicenvironment.scot/2021/02/innocent-railway/|title=The Innocent Railway|access-date=8 January 2022|website=blog.historicenvironment.scot|date=19 February 2021}}</ref> The following year, the [[Edinburgh and Dalkeith Railway]] opened with its [[St Leonards railway station (Scotland)|base depot and terminus]] at St Leonard's. The line opened to goods on 4 July 1831 and to passengers the following year.<ref>Thomas and Paterson 1984, p. 250, 252.</ref> The yard was soon handling over 200 tons of coal every day.<ref name=Thain9/> Ironically, despite post-dating the invention of the steam engine and despite its main cargo being coal, the line was horse-drawn.<ref>Grant's Old and New Edinburgh vol.2 p.384</ref>
Comparing the horse-drawn line's leisurely and scenic route to the unseemliness of its larger, steam-powered counterparts, [[Robert Chambers (publisher, born 1802)|Robert Chambers]] referred to "the innocence of the railway" and the name Innocent Railway soon stuck.<ref name=TP253>Thomas and Paterson 1984, p. 253.</ref> [[File:The Engine Shed, St. Leonard's Edinburgh.jpg|thumb|215px|Buildings of [[St Leonards railway station (Scotland)|St Leonard's station and goods yard]], opened in 1831 and closed in 1968]] The [[North British Railway]] purchased the Edinburgh & Dalkeith in 1845 and the railway began to use steam engines the following year. St Leonard's Station closed to passengers in 1847, while remaining in use for coal. There was an abortive attempt to reintroduce passenger trains in 1860.<ref name=TP254>Thomas and Paterson 1984, p. 254.</ref><ref name=Thain9>Thain 2019, p. 9.</ref> The introduction of steam engines occasioned the expansion of tracks, support facilities, and commercial enterprises at the St Leonard's yard, including what was then the world's largest [[bonded warehouse]].<ref name=Innocent2/> [[File:St Margaret's and St Leonard's.jpg|thumb|left|170px|The former St Leonard's Parish Church, opened in 1880; now St Margaret's and St Leonard's Catholic Church]] The [[Church of Scotland]] responded to the area's growing population with the establishment of [[St Paul's Parish Church, Edinburgh|St Paul's Church]] with a parish ''[[quoad sacra]]'' in 1836.<ref name=Bain6>Bain 1936, p. 6.</ref><ref name=Dunlop70>Dunlop 1988, p. 70.</ref> At the [[Disruption of 1843]], the church's minister, [[Robert Elder (minister)|Robert Elder]] led almost all the congregation out of the established church and into the newly formed [[Free Church of Scotland (1843-1900)|Free Church]]. Unusually among seceding congregations, St Paul's retained the use of its building.<ref name=Bain6/> A further Church of Scotland congregation, St Leonard's, opened on 6 April 1879.<ref name=Balfour22>Balfour 1900, p. 22.</ref> On 21 November the same year, the church was gutted by fire but was soon rebuilt, reopening on 21 May 1880 and becoming a charge ''quoad sacra'' in 1883.<ref>Balfour 1900, pp. 23, 27-29.</ref><ref name=Dunlop481>Dunlop 1988, p. 481.</ref><ref name=Scott110>Scott 1915, p. 110.</ref>
After [[Thomas Nelson (publisher)|Thomas Nelson & Sons]] works at [[The Meadows (park)|Hope Park]] were destroyed by fire on 10 April 1878, the company moved production to the Parkside Works in St Leonard's, opening on 16 July 1880.<ref name=Paton217>Paton 1942, p. 217.</ref><ref>Palmer 1999, p. 28.</ref> Even before this move, the Nelson family was well-established in St Leonard's. In 1860, William Nelson purchased then greatly altered [[Salisbury Green]]: a house built sometime between 1770 and 1780 for Alexander Scott. In 1867, William's brother Thomas Nelson purchased the lands "commonly known as Parkside" and constructed a new house, [[St Leonard's Hall|St Leonard's]].<ref>Paton 1942, pp. 234-235.</ref> The Nelsons also established a recreation ground and the Parkside Institute on Dalkeith Road for the use of their employees as well as a bowling green on the southside of Holyrood Park Road. It remains in use as the Parkside Bowling Club. In 1913, they founded the Nelson Hall at Spittalfield Crescent on the opposite side of St Leonard's Street in the [[Southside, Edinburgh|Southside]].<ref name=Nelson>{{cite news |last1=Sibbald|first1=Lisa |title=The fascinating history behind legendary Edinburgh printworks Thomas Nelson & Sons|url=https://www.edinburghnews.scotsman.com/heritage-and-retro/retro/fascinating-history-behind-legendary-edinburgh-printworks-thomas-nelson-sons-3104736 |work=Edinburgh Evening News |agency= |date=19 January 2021 |access-date=8 January 2022}}</ref><ref>Palmer 1999, pp. 28-29.</ref> J. & G. Stewart had a distillery behind the Parkside works while Usher's operated the Park Brewery in the vicinity.<ref>Palmer 1999, pp. 38-40.</ref><ref name=balfour15>Balfour 1900, p. 15.</ref> [[File:Parkside Works.jpg|thumb|250px|The Parkside Works: operated by the publishing firm [[Thomas Nelson (publisher)|Thomas Nelson & Sons]] between 1880 and 1968; Thomas Nelson the younger's house, [[St Leonard's Hall|St Leonard's]], is visible in the background right]] In this period, population growth was reflected by the establishment in 1876 of St Leonard's School between Forbes Street and St Leonard's Hill.<ref name=Reynolds33/> In 1913, James Clark Technical School was constructed on St Leonard's Hill.<ref name=Reynolds59/>
===1918–1968=== In the period leading up to the [[Second World War]], establishments in St Leonard's witnessed further changes. St Leonard's School closed in 1931 and its buildings were retained as an annexe to the nearby James Clark School.<ref name=Reynolds33/> In 1925, St Trinnean's School moved from 10 Palmerston Road in [[Marchmont]] to [[St Leonard's Hall|St Leonard's]]. The school, a [[Progressive education|progressive]] establishment, partly inspired [[Ronald Searle]] to create the [[St Trinian's]] cartoon series. St Trinnean's closed in 1946.<ref name=Thain41>Thain 2019, p. 41.</ref>
St Leonard's Parish Church united with [[Queen's Hall, Edinburgh|Newington Parish Church]] in 1932 to form Newington and St Leonard's Parish Church. The St Leonard's Buildings were sold to a [[Churches of Christ]] congregation, which took the name Dalkeith Road Church of Christ. <ref name=Augustine>{{cite web|url= https://www.augustine.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/AUC-BOOKLET-WEB-VERSION.pdf|title=The Church on the Bridge: The story of a city centre congregation|website=augustine.org.uk|access-date=5 April 2021}}</ref><ref name=Pinkerton172/> [[St Paul's Parish Church, Edinburgh|St Paul's Church]], which had rejoined the [[Church of Scotland]] in 1929, united with [[King's Hall, Edinburgh|Newington East]] on 4 October 1942. The St Paul's buildings were leased to [[City of Edinburgh Council|Edinburgh Corporation]] for use as an annexe to the nearby James Clark Technical School. In 1948, the council converted the church into the Cygnet Theatre. The theatre had ceased to function by 1954, when the church was again being used by James Clark Technical School and by Preston Street School. In 1958, the building was sold to a private buyer before being demolished in 1980 to make way for St Leonard's Police Station.<ref>Pinkerton 2012, pp. 140-141.</ref><ref name=Dunlop75>Dunlop 1988, p. 75.</ref> [[File:Pollock Halls of Residence seen from Arthur's Seat.JPG|thumb|The [[University of Edinburgh]]'s [[Pollock Halls]] site, seen from [[Arthur's Seat]]]] During the interwar period, the [[University of Edinburgh]], supported by [[John Donald Pollock]], began to purchase land around the Salisbury Green area in southern St Leonard's. The university acquired Abden House in 1935, St Leonard's in 1936, and [[Salisbury Green]] in 1942. Salisbury Green became a residence for males students in 1946 and St Leonard's became a residence for female students the following year.<ref name=HF167>Haynes and Fenton 2017, p. 167.</ref> In 1950, [[William Kininmonth (architect)|William Kininmonth]] was commissioned to create a new complex of student residences at Salisbury Green. The site was named [[Pollock Halls]] in memory of John Donald Pollock's parents. Development continued there into the first decade of the 21st century.<ref>Haynes and Fenton 2017, pp. 167, 169, 243.</ref> ===Deindustrialisation=== {{Quote box |class = <!-- Advanced users only. See the "Custom classes" section below. --> |title = |quote = St. Leonard's, an ancient and unsophisticated southern suburb of Edinburgh, is rarely visited by the itinerant tourist, for the adverse effects of nineteenth century industrialisation and the present-day results of post-war planning blight have combined to give it a depressing appearance.<ref name=Black5>Black 1972, p. 5.</ref> |author = David J. Black |source = ''An Historical Account'' (1972) |align = left |width = 35% |border = |fontsize = |bgcolor = |style = |title_bg = |title_fnt = |tstyle = |qalign = |qstyle = |quoted = |salign = |sstyle = }} With the closure of the last coalyard at St Leonard's, Hugh Leckie & Sons, [[St Leonards railway station (Scotland)|the rail depot]] closed in 1968.<ref name=Innocent2/> The same year, the printing and binding division of Nelson's was sold to Morrison & Gibb and the Parkside Works were demolished.<ref name=Nelson/> In 1970, [[Scottish Widows]] purchased the former site of the Parkside Works as a site for its headquarters. The building, designed by [[Basil Spence]], opened in 1976.<ref name=SW>{{cite news |last1=Welsh|first1=Kaite |title=Edinburgh building that split opinion with locals now lies completely empty|url=https://www.edinburghlive.co.uk/news/edinburgh-news/edinburgh-building-split-opinion-locals-21147460 |work=Edinburgh Live |agency= |date=26 July 2021 |access-date=28 April 2022}}</ref><ref name=SWHES>{{cite web|url=http://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/LB50213|title=15, 15B AND 15C DALKEITH ROAD, SCOTTISH WIDOWS FUND AND LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY HEAD OFFICE, INCLUDING LANDSCAPING, MOAT AND BOUNDARY WALLS: LB50213|website=portal.historicenvironment.scot|access-date=28 April 2022}}</ref> On the opposite site of Holyrood Park Road, the [[Royal Commonwealth Pool]] opened ahead of the [[1970 British Commonwealth Games]], which used the pool as a venue.<ref name=GMW637>Gifford, McWilliam, Walker 1984, p. 637.</ref> The pool was again used as a venue for the [[1986 Commonwealth Games|1986]], and [[2014 Commonwealth Games]].<ref name=Commie>{{cite web|url=https://www.edinburghleisure.co.uk/venues/royal-commonwealth-pool|website=edinburghleisure.co.uk|title=Royal Commonwealth Pool|access-date=10 June 2022}}</ref>
The [[City of Edinburgh Council|city corporation's]] 1965 development plan proposed an arterial road through the western edge of Holyrood Park; the road was planned to enter St Leonard's at the goods yard, continuing along the line of Montague Street to the intersection of a new north–south leg of a proposed inner ring-road, which would run in between and parallel to the [[Pleasance (street)|Pleasance]] and [[Nicolson Street]].<ref name=RoadNews>{{cite news |author=<!--Staff writer(s)/no by-line.--> |title=Exhibition offers glimpse of how Edinburgh might have looked if 1960s plans had gone ahead |url=https://www.scotsman.com/whats-on/arts-and-entertainment/edinburghs-innocent-railway-line-613039 |work=Edinburgh Evening News |agency= |date=14 January 2019 |access-date=28 April 2022}}</ref><ref name=Road>{{cite web|url=https://planningedinburgh.com/2019/01/10/city-plan-2030-past-plans-1965/|title=City Plan 2030 – Past Plans 1965|date=10 January 2019|website=planningedinburgh.com|access-date=28 April 2022}}</ref> As with the Southside and Dumbiedykes, planned redevelopment in the postwar period discouraged investment in properties by private landlords or by the city corporation. This resulted in "planning blight", which saw the condition of properties deteriorate even further.<ref name=SF7>Smith and Finlay 1997, p. 7.</ref><ref name=Black53>Black 1972, p. 53.</ref> In the early 1960s alone, 1,030 residences were demolished in the area of St Leonard's and [[Dumbiedykes]] and 1,977 people were displaced.<ref name=Thain36>Thain 2019, p. 36.</ref> [[File:Scottish Widows.jpg|thumb|290px|The headquarters of [[Scottish Widows]] between 1976 and 2020]] James Clark School closed in 1972 and was used as an annexe of [[St Thomas of Aquin's High School]] until 1984. After this, the building was developed as flats.<ref name=Reynolds59>Reynolds 2001, p. 59.</ref> The former St Leonard's School was demolished in the 1980s, having latterly served as a dining annexe to St Thomas of Aquin's.<ref name=Reynolds33>Reynolds 2001, p. 33.</ref>
===Redevelopment===
Dalkeith Road Church of Christ, like most other [[Churches of Christ]] in the UK, joined the [[United Reformed Church]] in 1981. The congregation united with Augustine Congregational Church on [[George IV Bridge]] to form [[Augustine United Church]] in 1992. Since that year, the buildings have been used by the [[Society of St Pius X]] under the name St Margaret's and St Leonard's Catholic Church.<ref name=Augustine/><ref name=Pinkerton172>Pinkerton 2012, p. 172.</ref><ref name=LM>{{cite web|url=http://www.latinmassedinburgh.com/history.html|title=History|website=latinmassedinburgh.com|access-date=21 December 2021}}</ref>
After the creation of [[Lothian Regional Council]] in 1975, the road plans were abandoned and the former rail depot was redeveloped for housing.<ref name=SF7/> Between the 1970s and the 1990s, extensive new residential developments were constructed gap sites in St Leonard's.<ref name=Thain36>Thain 2019, p. 36.</ref> In 1994, a portion of the former Innocent Railway between St Leonard's and [[Brunstane]] was developed as part of the [[National Cycle Network]]. It remains a popular route for cyclists and pedestrians.<ref name=Innocent>{{cite news |last1=Dewar|first1=Caitlyn |title=Edinburgh's Innocent Railway Line |url=https://www.scotsman.com/lifestyle/food-and-drink/holyrood-distillery-first-look-inside-edinburghs-newest-whisky-distillery-543517 |work=The Scotsman |agency= |date=8 November 2016 |access-date=7 January 2022}}</ref>
In 1990, the St Leonard's Police Station on St Leonard's Street opened.<ref name=Police>{{cite news |last1=McEwen|first1=Alan |title=End of an era: Lothian and Borders police history |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/end-era-lothian-and-borders-police-history-1582905 |work=The Scotsman |agency= |date=28 March 2018 |access-date=30 April 2022}}</ref> In 2019, Holyrood Distillery opened in the former goods shed of [[St Leonards railway station (Scotland)|St Leonard's station]], becoming first single malt distillery in central Edinburgh in almost a century.<ref name=Whisky>{{cite news |author=<!--Staff writer(s)/no by-line.--> |title=Holyrood Distillery: First look inside Edinburgh's newest whisky distillery |url=https://www.scotsman.com/whats-on/arts-and-entertainment/edinburghs-innocent-railway-line-613039 |work=The Scotsman |agency= |date=29 July 2019 |access-date=28 April 2022}}</ref> [[Scottish Widows]] vacated its St Leonard's headquarters in 2020. As of April 2022, the building remains empty; prior to the move, 2,200 staff worked there.<ref name=SW/>
==Geography== [[File:Salisbury Crags from St Leonard's, Edinburgh Southside - geograph.org.uk - 1596528.jpg|thumb|240px|The [[Salisbury Crags]] rise above the rooftops of St Leonard's]] The neighbourhood of St Leonard's is located along the western boundary of [[Holyrood Park]] and is overshadowed by the [[Salisbury Crags]], from which it is separated by a valley. St Leonard's Hill, on the western side of this valley, is a small outcrop, one of many in the area around Edinburgh.<ref name=Forrest1>Forrest 1865, p. 1.</ref> The hill rises to 281ft (87m) above sea level.<ref name=Balfour6>Balfour 1900, p. 6.</ref> This hill affords expansive views of the park.<ref name=Thain33>Thain 2019, p. 33.</ref> ===Demography=== The census data zones that mostly cover the area of St Leonard's{{efn|name=Data|Canongate, Southside and Dumbiedykes – 03 and Newington and Dalkeith Road – 03, 04, 05; Newington and Dalkeith Road – 03 and 05 also contain portions of [[Newington, Edinburgh|Newington]] and the [[Southside, Edinburgh|Southside]]}} had a combined population of 5,385 in 2020 with 1,881 dwellings at 75.2 dwellings per hectare.<ref name=Demography>{{cite web|url= https://statistics.gov.scot/atlas/resource?uri=http://statistics.gov.scot/id/statistical-geography/S13002933|title=Electoral Ward: Southside/Newington|website=statistics.gov.scot|access-date=24 May 2022}}</ref>
As of 2020, the data zones Newington and Dalkeith Road - 04 and 05 are in the eighth decile of [[Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation]] while Canongate, Southside and Dumbiedykes - 03 and Newington and Dalkeith Road – 03 site lower: in the sixth and fifth deciles respectively.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://simd.scot/#/simd2020_20pc/BTTTFTT/14/-3.1862/55.9352/|title=Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation 2020|website=simd.scot|access-date=24 May 2022}}</ref> In 2018, the mean house price in St Leonard's was £288,257: only slightly above an average of £280,643 in Edinburgh as a whole but well above the £181,457 average across Scotland.<ref name=Demography/> In 2018, 110 children in St Leonard's were in receipt of child benefit and the school attendance rate in 2016–2017 stood at 94 relative to 93.94 across Edinburgh.<ref name=Demography/>
{{Geographic location |title = '''Neighbouring areas of Edinburgh''' |Northwest = [[Southside, Edinburgh|The Southside]] |North = [[Southside, Edinburgh|The Southside]] |Northeast = [[Dumbiedykes]] |West = [[Southside, Edinburgh|The Southside]]/[[Newington, Edinburgh|Newington]] |Centre = St Leonard's |East = [[Holyrood Park]] |Southwest = [[Newington, Edinburgh|Newington]] |South = [[Prestonfield, Edinburgh|Prestonfield]]/[[Newington, Edinburgh|Newington]] |Southeast = [[Prestonfield, Edinburgh|Prestonfield]]}} ==Governance==
===Local===
In local government, St Leonard's is covered by the four-member [[Southside/Newington (Edinburgh ward)|Southside/Newington]] ward of the [[City of Edinburgh Council]].<ref name=Ward>{{cite web|url=https://boundaries.scot/Electoral/5th_Reviews/City_of_Edinburgh/5th_Review_City_of_Edinburgh_Ward_15.pdf|title=Local Government Boundary Commission for Scotland: Fifth Review of Electoral Arrangements: Final Recommendations: City of Edinburgh Council Area: Ward 15 (Southside / Newington)|website=boundaries.scot|access-date=26 June 2021}}</ref>{{efn|name=Southside|The [[Southside/Newington (Edinburgh ward)|Southside/Newington]] ward covers St Leonard's as well as the [[Southside, Edinburgh|Southside]], [[Newington, Edinburgh|Newington]], [[Prestonfield, Edinburgh|Prestonfield]], [[Cameron Toll]], [[Liberton, Edinburgh|Nether Liberton]], [[Blackford, Edinburgh|Blackford]], the [[The Grange, Edinburgh|Grange]], and [[Sciennes]].<ref name=Ward/>}} The current councillors are ; Tim Pogson ([[Scottish Labour|Labour]]); Steve Burgess ([[Scottish Greens|Green]]); Simita Kumar ([[Scottish National Party|SNP]]); and Pauline Flannery ([[Scottish Liberal Democrats|Liberal Democrat]]).<ref name=Councillors>{{cite web|url=https://democracy.edinburgh.gov.uk/mgMemberIndex.aspx?bcr=1|title=Your Councillors|website=democracy.edinburgh.gov.uk|access-date=26 June 2021}}</ref> At [[2022 City of Edinburgh Council election|the last council elections on 5 May 2022]], the results for the ward were:<ref name=Ward2017>{{cite web|url=https://www.edinburgh.gov.uk/downloads/file/31010/ward-15-southside-newington-results-2022|title=Council Election – May 2022: Ward 15 Southside/Newington|website=edinburgh.gov.uk|access-date=24 May 2022}}</ref> {{STV Election box begin2 |title=[[Southside/Newington (Edinburgh ward)|Southside/Newington]] - 4 seats |numcounts=4 }} {{STV Election box candidate2 |party=Scottish Labour Party |candidate='''Tim Pogson''' |percentage=24.1% |count1='''2,837''' |count2= |count3= |count4= }} {{STV Election box candidate2 |party=Scottish Green Party |candidate='''Steve Burgess''' ([[incumbent]]) |percentage=23.0% |count1='''2,717''' |count2= |count3= |count4= }} {{STV Election box candidate2 |party=Scottish National Party |candidate='''Simita Kumar''' |percentage=19.2% |count1=2,260 |count2=2,338 |count3='''2,557''' |count4= }} {{STV Election box candidate2 |party=Scottish Liberal Democrats |candidate='''Pauline Flannery''' |percentage=16.1% |count1=1,897 |count2=2,141 |count3=2,236 |count4='''2,331''' }} {{STV Election box candidate2 |party=Scottish Conservative and Unionist Party |candidate=Cameron Rose ([[incumbent]]) |percentage=17.6% |count1=2,077 |count2=2,139 |count3=2,146 |count4=2,154 }} {{STV Election box end2 |numcounts=4 |electorate=24,152 |valid=11,788 |spoilt=96 |quota=2,358 |turnout=49.2% }} Along with the [[Southside, Edinburgh|Southside]], [[Dumbiedykes]], and the northern part of [[Newington, Edinburgh|Newington]] [[Community_council#Scotland|Community Council]]. St Leonard's is covered by the Southside Community Council.<ref name=CC>{{cite web|url=https://apps.esriuk.com/app/MyNearest/29/view/9413c4497bbd446487c3d03fda763195/index.html|title=Find My Community Council|website=apps.esriuk.com|access-date=26 June 2021}}</ref> For conservation purposes, parts of St Leonard's are included in the South Side Conservation Area, designated in 1975.<ref name=Thain4>Thain 2019, p. 4.</ref>
Prior to the 19th century, the area currently covered by Newington was part of [[St Cuthbert's Church, Edinburgh|St Cuthbert's Parish]] the county of [[Midlothian]]. In 1832, the [[Great Reform Act]] included St Leonard's in Edinburgh for the purposes of electing the city's MPs; however, full incorporation did not take place until 1856. At this date, St Leonard's gave its name to a new ward of the city council.<ref>Forrest 1865, pp. 50-51.</ref><ref name=Extension2>{{cite web|url=https://maps.nls.uk/geo/boundaries/edinburgh/#zoom=13&lat=55.9600&lon=-3.1950&b=edin1885&layers=m1885|title=Edinburgh boundaries extension and tramways order 1920: Opposition by the Earl of Morton. Plan showing the present area of the Burgh of Edinburgh with the successive extensions since 1882.|website=maps.nls.uk|access-date=26 June 2021}}</ref>
===Parliamentary===
In the [[Scottish Parliament]], St Leonard's lies within the [[Edinburgh Central (Scottish Parliament constituency)|Edinburgh Central]] constituency, which has been represented by [[Angus Robertson]] ([[Scottish National Party|SNP]]) since the [[2021 Scottish Parliament election|2021 election]]. The constituency is part of the [[Lothian (Scottish Parliament region)|Lothian]] electoral region.<ref name=MSPs>{{cite web|url=https://www.edinburgh.gov.uk/election-results/scottish-parliamentary-election-results|title=Scottish Parliamentary Elections Results|website=edinburgh.gov.uk|access-date=27 June 2021}}</ref><ref name=EdinburghCentral>{{cite web|url=https://boundaries.scot/sites/default/files/Edinburgh_Central.pdf|title=Boundary Commission for Scotland: First Periodic Review of Scottish Parliament Boundaries: Recommended Scottish Parliament constituencies: Edinburgh Central Burgh Constituency|website=boundaries.scot|access-date=27 June 2021}}</ref>
In the [[House of Commons (UK)|House of Commons]], St Leonard's lies within the [[Edinburgh East (UK Parliament constituency)|Edinburgh East]].<ref name=EdinburghEast>{{cite web|url=https://www.bcomm-scotland.independent.gov.uk/sites/default/files/Edinburgh%20East.pdf|title= Fifth Review of UK Parliament Constituencies (2005 onwards) Edinburgh East burgh constituency|website=bcomm-scotland.independent.gov.uk |access-date=27 June 2021}}</ref> This seat has been represented by [[Tommy Sheppard (politician)|Tommy Sheppard]] (SNP) since [[2015 UK general election|2015]].<ref name=Sheppard>{{cite web|url=https://members.parliament.uk/member/4453/contact|title=Tommy Sheppard MP|website=members.parliament.uk|access-date=27 June 2021}}</ref>
With the incorporation of St Leonard's into Edinburgh, the area's representation in [[UK Parliament|parliament]] was as part of the [[Edinburgh (UK Parliament constituency)|Edinburgh]] constituency. At the division of Edinburgh into constituencies in 1885, St Leonard's was incorporated into the [[Edinburgh Central (UK Parliament constituency)|Edinburgh Central]] constituency.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://maps.nls.uk/view/109707563|title=Plan of Edinburgh & Leith with Suburbs, from Ordnance and Actual Surveys. Constructed for the Post Office Directory. By John Bartholomew, F.R.G.S.|website=maps.nls.uk|access-date=27 June 2021}}</ref> At the revision of boundaries in 1918, the area south of Holyrood Park Road was included within [[Edinburgh South (UK Parliament constituency)|Edinburgh South]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://maps.nls.uk/view/103247211|title=Post office plan of Edinburgh, Leith and Portobello. Constructed from Ordnance and actual surveys by John Bartholomew. New Parliamentary Divisions - 1918|website=maps.nls.uk|access-date=27 June 2021}}</ref> From 1950 to 1983, all but the northern tip of St Leonard's – which remained in Edinburgh Central – was included in Edinburgh South. From 1983 to 2005, the area – except the portion south of Holyrood Park Road – was reincluded in Edinburgh Central. Since the abolition of Edinburgh Central in 2005, the area has been covered by Edinburgh East.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bcomm-scotland.independent.gov.uk/?q=boundary-maps/constituency-maps|title=Constituency Maps|website= bcomm-scotland.independent.gov.uk |access-date=27 June 2021}}</ref> ==Architecture== [[File:Interior of South Hall, Pollock Halls, University of Edinburgh (14885608040).jpg|thumb|250px|left|The interior of the South Hall at the [[University of Edinburgh]]'s [[Pollock Halls]] site by [[William Kininmonth (architect)|Rowand Anderson, Kininmonth & Paul]]: "a key work of Scottish [[Modernist architecture|Modernism]]"<ref name=Thain41/>]] St Leonard's includes the [[University of Edinburgh]]'s [[Pollock Halls of Residence]]. The oldest purpose-built blocks are the [[Festival style]] South Hall by [[William Kininmonth (architect)|Rowand Anderson, Kininmonth & Paul]], built between 1956 and 1964. The [[City of Edinburgh Council]]'s appraisal of the Southside Conservation Area describes these as "a key work of Scottish [[Modernist architecture|Modernism]]".<ref name=Thain41>Thain 2019, p. 41.</ref><ref name=GMW637/> Construction of new buildings continued into the early 1970s. Between then and the beginning of the 21st century Masson House by McLaren, Murdoch & Hamilton (1994) was the only new building constructed at the site. Since 2001, [[Peter Oberlander|Oberlander Architects]] have been responsible for Chancellor's Court and John Burnett House.<ref>Haynes and Fenton 2017, pp. 199, 242-243.</ref> In 2017, the gates that once stood in [[Bristo Square]] between the [[McEwan Hall]] and [[Reid Concert Hall]] were removed to the Pollock Halls site. These were constructed by [[Thomas Hadden|Thomas Hadden & Co.]] around 1896.<ref>Haynes and Fenton 2017, p. 243.</ref> [[File:Edinburgh University St-Leonard's Hall 02.JPG|thumb|220px|[[St Leonard's Hall]]: one of three works in St Leonard's by leading [[Scots baronial]] architect [[John Lessels]]]] The [[Pollock Halls]] site incorporates three Victorian mansions. Abden House was constructed to a [[Jacobean architecture|Jacobean]] design of Thomas Davies in 1855.<ref name=GMW637/> The grounds of Abden House include a life-size bronze statue of physician [[Wong Fun]], unveiled in 2007.<ref>McKenzie et al. 2018 i pp. 279-281.</ref> [[Salisbury Green]], initially a small mansion of around 1780, was rebuilt in the [[Scots baronial architecture|baronial]] style by [[John Lessels]] for William Nelson in the 1860s. Lessels designed baronial mansion, [[St Leonard's Hall|St Leonard's]], for the younger Thomas Nelson soon after. The building has a heavy [[Arts and Crafts movement|Arts and Crafts]] interior with ceilings by the firm of [[Thomas Bonnar]].<ref>Gifford, McWilliam, Walker 1984, pp. 637-638.</ref> J. Brian Crossland called St Leonard's a "striking example" of the best of the Scottish baronial style.<ref>Crossland 1966, p. 70.</ref> Lessels is also responsible for the Scottish [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]] design of St Margaret's and St Leonard's Catholic Church, opened in 1880 as St Leonard's Parish Church.<ref name=GMW240>Gifford, McWilliam, Walker 1984, p. 240.</ref> Another prominent domestic building is [[Hermits and Termits]], constructed in 1734 and restored by Benjamin Tindall in the early 1980s.<ref name=GMW247>Gifford, McWilliam, Walker 1984, p. 247.</ref> In the 1980s and 1990s, many gap sites in St Leonard's were filled in with private housing developments, most constructed from brick and [[Cement render|render]].<ref>Thain 2019, pp. 13, 36.</ref> One example is the 1989 [[Neo-Classical architecture|neo-classical]] block of flats of by Fraser Brown on St Leonard's Street.<ref name=McKean76>McKean 1992, p. 76.</ref> [[File:Royal Commonwealth Pool, Edinburgh 2.jpg|thumb|290px|The [[Royal Commonwealth Pool]] by John Richards of [[RMJM|Robert Matthew, Johnson-Marshall & Partners]]]] Prominent modernist buildings include the former [[Scottish Widows]] headquarters on Dalkeith Road, constructed to a polygonal, glass-fronted design by [[Basil Spence|Basil Spence, Golver & Ferguson]] and opened in 1976. [[Sylvia Crowe]] served as landscape consultant.<ref name=GMW640>Gifford, McWilliam, Walker 1984, p. 640.</ref> Slightly to the south on Dalkeith Road stands the [[Royal Commonwealth Pool]], another modernist building, designed in 1967 by John Richards of [[RMJM|Robert Matthew, Johnson-Marshall & Partners]]. The exterior is over three levels with long [[Fascia (architecture)|facia]]s.<ref name=GMW637/> Other public buildings include the [[Renaissance Architecture|Scottish Renaissance-style]] former James Clark Technical School by J. A. Carfrae (1913) at St Leonard's Crag and the [[Postmodern architecture|post-modernist]] St Leonard's Police Station by Lothian Region Architects (1989).<ref name=GMW244/><ref name=McKean76/>
Ex-industrial buildings include the former bonds of J. & G. Stewart whisky on Holyrood Park Road of 1902, which incorporates a large [[pediment]], and the three-storey former [[St Leonards railway station (Scotland)|St Leonard's station]]. Both have now been converted to residential and commercial use.<ref name=GMW640/><ref>Hume 1976, p. 191.</ref> ==Amenities== [[File:Police divisional HQ, St Leonard's St, Edinburgh - geograph.org.uk - 3550964.jpg|thumb|250px|St Leonard's Police Station, opened 1990]] The St Leonards Medical Centre is located nearby on the [[Pleasance (street)|Pleasance]] in the [[Southside, Edinburgh|Southside]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.stleonards-surgery.com/|title=St Leonards Medical Centre|website=stleonards-surgery.com|access-date=25 May 2022}}</ref> St Leonard's is the site of the [[Royal Commonwealth Pool]]: a public baths incorporating an [[Olympic-size swimming pool]].<ref name=Commie/> Community spaces located nearby in the Southside include the [[Greyfriars Charteris Centre]];<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.charteriscentre.com/|website=charteriscentre.com|title=Welcome to Greyfriars Charteris Centre|access-date=25 May 2022}}</ref> the Nelson Hall;<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.joininedinburgh.org/organisation/20/|website=joininedinburgh.org|title=Nelson Hall Community Centre|access-date=25 May 2022}}</ref> and the Crags sports centre.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cragsedinburgh.com/|website=cragsedinburgh.com|title=Welcome|access-date=25 May 2022}}</ref>
The only church in St Leonard's is St Margaret's and St Leonard's Catholic Church: a congregation of the [[Society of St Pius X]].<ref name=LM/> There is a police station on St Leonard's Street.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.edinburgh.gov.uk/directory-record/1103927/st-leonards-police-station|website=edinburgh.gov.uk|title=St Leonards Police Station|access-date=25 May 2022}}</ref> The area is almost entirely residential; there are, however, shops along the western side of St Leonard's Street, in the Southside.<ref name=Thain34>Thain 2019, p. 34.</ref> ===Transport=== The [[Lothian Buses]] serves St Leonard's with The number 14 ([[Muirhouse]]–[[Greendykes]]) serves St Leonard's Street and Dalkeith Road south of West Richmond Street. Dalkeith Road south of East Preston Street is served by the 2 ([[Gyle Centre]]–[[The Jewel, Edinburgh|The Jewel]]), the 30 ([[Clovenstone]]–[[Musselburgh]]), and the 33 ([[Wester Hailes]]–[[Millerhill]]).<ref name=Lothian>{{cite web|url= https://www.lothianbuses.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/210912-LB-Network-Map.pdf|title=Lothian Network Map including Edinburgh Trams|website=lothianbuses.com|access-date=4 December 2021}}</ref>
===Education=== St Leonard's is divided between the non-denominational primary school catchment areas of Preston Street Primary School in [[Newington, Edinburgh|Newington]] and Royal Mile Primary School in the [[Canongate]]. Both schools feed into [[James Gillespie's High School]] in [[Marchmont]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.edinburgh.gov.uk/downloads/file/22329/non-denominational-primary-school-catchment-areas|title=City of Edinburgh ND Primary Catchment Areas Showing School Locations|access-date=4 December 2021}}</ref> In denominational state schools, St Leonard's is divided between the catchment areas of St Peter's Roman Catholic Primary School in [[Morningside, Edinburgh|Morningside]] and St Mary's Primary School in [[Broughton, Edinburgh|Broughton]]. Both schools feed into [[St Thomas of Aquin's High School]] in [[Lauriston, Edinburgh|Lauriston]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.edinburgh.gov.uk/downloads/file/22331/roman-catholic-primary-school-catchment-areas|title=City of Edinburgh RC Primary Catchment Areas Showing School Locations|access-date=4 December 2021}}</ref>
There is student accommodation of the [[University of Edinburgh]] at Hermit's Croft, Salisbury Court, and across the [[Pollock Halls]] site. The [[Confucius Institute]] of Edinburgh, founded in 2006, is located within the Pollock Halls site at Abden House.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ed.ac.uk/maps/maps|website=ed.ac.uk|title=Campus maps|access-date=4 December 2021}}</ref> ==Notable residents== In 1807, [[Hermits and Termits]] was leased to Robert Scott, an engraver, and his wife Alice. The Scotts raised two sons here who would go on to become prominent artists: the history painter [[David Scott (painter)|David Scott]] and [[William Bell Scott]], who was associated with the [[Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood]].<ref name=Wallace115>Wallace 1987, p. 115.</ref> A contemporary of the Scotts in St Leonard's was the physician [[Andrew Duncan (physician, born 1744)|Andrew Duncan]].<ref name=Paton225/> The author [[S. R. Crockett]] lodged in St Leonard's as student.<ref name=Lownie58>Lownie 2005, p. 58.</ref> ==Cultural depictions== [[File:Jeanie Deans tablet, St. Leonard's Edinburgh.JPG|thumb|[[Jeanie Deans]]' tryst, depicted in a stone plaque on a 19th-century tenement]] In fiction, St Leonard's Hill was the site of David Deans' house in Walter Scott's ''[[The Heart of Midlothian]]''. In the novel, Deans' daughter [[Jeanie Deans|Jeanie]] has a nocturnal tryst with George Robertson at Nicol Mushet's cairn on the opposite side of [[Holyrood Park]].<ref name=Forrest33>Forrest 1865, p. 33.</ref> The character's connection to the area was reflected in the name of Jeanie Deans' Cottage on St Leonard's Bank, demolished in 1965. The tryst also gave its name to a pub on St Leonard's Hill. The late-19th century tenement in which the pub was located incorporated a stone [[relief]] plaque depicting the tryst.<ref name=Balfour8/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://canmore.org.uk/site/121402/edinburgh-holyrood-park-jeanie-deans-cottage#:~:text=Jeannie%20Dean's%20Cottage%20was%20situated,chimney%20stacks%20at%20both%20gables.|title=Edinburgh, Holyrood Park, Jeanie Dean's Cottage|website=canmore.org.uk|access-date=10 June 2022}}</ref><ref>McKenzie et al. 2018 i p. 449.</ref>
St Leonard's Police Station is the base of [[John Rebus]]: protagonist of a series of detective novels by [[Ian Rankin]].<ref>Lownie 2005, p. 78.</ref> [[S. R. Crockett]]'s 1896 novel ''Cleg Kelly'' includes many scenes set around the St Leonard's area.<ref name=Lownie58/>
==References== ===Notes=== {{notelist}} ===Citations=== {{reflist}} ===Bibliography=== * {{cite book |last1=Bain |first1=John |date=1936 |title=St Paul's Church, Edinburgh: 1836-1936 |publisher=Hugh Paton & Sons}} * {{cite book |last=Balfour |first=George D. | date=1900 |title=St. Leonards and its Parish Church |publisher=John Wilson}} * {{cite book |last1=Black |first1=David J. |date=1972 |title=An Historical Account of the Lands and Mansion formerly called Hermits and Termits now known The Coalyard House, 64 Saint Leonard's Street|publisher=The Seventh Horizon Press}} * {{cite book |last=Crossland|first=J. Brian|date=1966|title=Victorian Edinburgh|publisher=Wayfair Publishers}} * {{cite book |last=Dunlop |first1=Ian G. | date=1988 |title=The Kirks of Edinburgh: 1560–1984 |publisher=Scottish Record Society|isbn=0902054104}} * {{cite book |last1=Forrest |first1=George |date=1865 |title=An Account of the History and Antiquities of St Leonard's in Edinburgh, its Chapel and Hospital|publisher=MacLachlan & Stewart}} * {{cite book |last1=Gifford |first1=John |last2=McWilliam |first2=Colin|last3=Walker|first3=David| date=1984 |title=Buildings of Scotland: Edinburgh |publisher=Penguin|isbn=0300096720}} * {{cite book |last1=Gray |first1=John G.| date=1961 |title=The South Side Story |publisher=W.F. Knox & Co.}} ** Gray, William Forbes. ***"St. Leonard's Chapel and Hospital" ***"The Castle o' Clouts" * {{cite book |last=Harris |first=Michael |date=1996 |title=Place Names of Edinburgh |publisher=Steve Savage |isbn=9781904246060}} * {{cite book |last1=Haynes |first1=Nick |last2=Fenton|first2=Clive B.| date=2017 |title=Building Knowledge: An Architectural History of the University of Edinburgh |publisher=Historic Environment Scotland|isbn=9781849172462}} * {{cite book|last1=Hume|first1=John R.|date=1976|title=The Industrial Archaeology of Scotland: 1. The Lowlands and Borders|publisher=B. T. Batsford|isbn=0713432349}} * {{cite book |last=Lownie |first1=Andrew | date=2005 |title=The Edinburgh Literary Companion |publisher=Polygon|isbn=1904598617}} * {{cite book |last=McKean |first=Charles | date=1992 |title=Edinburgh: An Illustrated Architectural Guide |publisher=Royal Incorporation of Architects in Scotland|isbn=0950146242}} * {{cite book|last1=McKenzie|first1=Ray|last2=King|first2=Dianne|last3=Smith|first3=Tracy|date=2018|title=Public Sculpture of Britain Volume 21: Public Sculpture of Edinburgh|publisher=Liverpool University Press|isbn=978-1-78694-155-8}} * {{cite book |last1=McRoberts |first1=David| date=1962 |title=Essays on the Scottish Reformation|publisher=Burns}} ** Durkan, John. "Care of the Poor: Pre-Reformation Hospitals" * {{cite book |last=Palmer |first=Neil |date=1999 |title=Working in the South Side: 1935–1985 |publisher=The South Side Association}} * {{cite journal |last1=Paton |first1=Henry M. |date=1942 |title= Lands of St. Leonards Southern Section|journal=Book of the Old Edinburgh Club |volume=XXIV |pages=198–238}} * {{cite book |last=Pinkerton |first=Roy M. | date=2012 |title=Kirk o' Field and the Churches of Edinburgh's South Side |publisher=J Thomson Colour Printers}} * {{cite book |last1=Reynolds |first1=Florence |date=2001 |title=Memories of a South Side Schooling |publisher=The South Side Association}} * {{cite journal |last1=Smith |first1=John |last2=Paton|first2=Henry M.|date=1940 |title=St Leonards Lands and Hospital|journal=Book of the Old Edinburgh Club |volume=XXIII |pages=111–146}} * {{cite book |last1=Smith |first1=Keith |last2=Finlay|first2=Dorothy|date=1997 |title=More Memories of our South Side |publisher=The South Side Association}} * {{cite web |last1=Thain|first1=Michael|url= https://www.edinburgh.gov.uk/downloads/file/23404/southside-conservation-area-character-appraisal |title= South Side Conservation Area Character Appraisal|publisher=City of Edinburgh Council |date=2019 |website=edinburgh.gov.uk |access-date=December 5, 2021}} * {{cite book |last1=Thomas |first1=John |last2=Paterson |first2=Alan J.S. |date=1984 |title=A Regional History of the Railways of Great Britain Volume VI: Scotland: The Lowlands and the Borders |publisher=David & Charles|isbn=0946537127}} * {{cite book |last=Wallace |first=Joyce M. | date=1987 |title=Historic Houses of Edinburgh |publisher=John Donald Publishers Ltd|isbn=0859761630}} ==External links== {{Commons category|St Leonard's, Edinburgh}} * [http://www.edinphoto.org.uk/1_edin/1_edinburgh_history_-_recollections_edinburgh_old_town_st_leonards.htm EdinPhoto: Recollections - Old Town: St Leonard's District] {{Areas of Edinburgh}} [[Category:Areas of Edinburgh]]