{{Short description|Founder of the Dominican Order (1170–1221)}} {{Redirect|Saint Sunday|the Greek martyress|Saint Kyriaki|other uses|Saint Sunday (disambiguation)}} {{Redirect|St Dominic|the village in Cornwall|St Dominic, Cornwall}} {{Other uses|St Dominic (disambiguation)}} {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}} {{Infobox saint | honorific_prefix = [[Catholic saint|Saint]] | name = Dominic | honorific_suffix = [[Dominican Order|OP]] | image = SaintDominic.jpg | alt = | caption = ''Santo Domingo de Guzmán'', portrait by the Portuguese-Spanish painter [[Claudio Coello]] in 1670 | titles = {{ubl|Founder of the Dominican Order|[[Confessor of the Faith]]}} | birth_name =Domingo Félix de Guzmán y Aza | birth_date = 8 August 1170 | birth_place = [[Caleruega]], [[Kingdom of Castile]] | home_town = | residence = | death_date = {{death date and age|1221|8|6|1170|8|8|df=y}} | death_place = [[Bologna]], [[Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)|Kingdom of Italy]], [[Holy Roman Empire]] | venerated_in = {{ublist|[[Catholic Church]]|[[Anglican Communion]]|[[Lutheranism]]}} | beatified_date = | beatified_place = | beatified_by = | canonized_date = 3 July 1234 | canonized_place = [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Rieti#Chapter and cathedral|Rieti Cathedral]] | canonized_by = [[Pope Gregory IX]] | major_shrine = [[Basilica of San Domenico]] | feast_day = {{ublist|8 August|24 May ([[translation of relics]])|4 August (pre-1970 [[General Roman Calendar]])}} | attributes = [[Religious habit|Dominican habit]] and rule, [[rosary]], dog (often black and white) with a torch in its mouth, star above his head, lilies, staff | patronage = [[Astronomers]], [[Natural Sciences]]; [[Archdiocese of Fuzhou]]; [[astronomy]]; [[Dominican Republic]]; [[Santo Domingo Pueblo, New Mexico|Santo Domingo Pueblo]], [[Valletta]], [[Birgu]] ([[Malta]]), [[Campana, Calabria]], [[Managua]] | issues = | suppressed_date = | suppressed_by = | influences = | influenced = | tradition = | major_works = }}
'''Dominic de Guzmán''' {{post-nominals|post-noms= [[Order of Preachers|OP]]}} ({{IPA|es|ɡuθˈman|lang}}; 8 August 1170 – 6 August 1221), almost exclusively known as '''Saint Dominic''' ({{langx|es|Santo Domingo}}), was a [[Castilians|Castilian]] religious priest and the founder of the [[Order of Preachers]] (Dominicans). He is the [[patron saint]] of [[astronomers]] and [[natural scientists]], and he and the Dominicans are traditionally credited with spreading and popularizing the [[rosary]].
==Life== ===Birth and early life=== Dominic was born in [[Caleruega]], halfway between [[Osma]] and [[Aranda de Duero]] in [[Old Castile]], [[Spain]].<ref>[https://www.franciscanmedia.org/saint-of-the-day/saint-dominic/ "Saint Dominic", Franciscan Media]</ref> He was named after [[Dominic of Silos]]. The [[Benedictines|Benedictine]] [[abbey of Santo Domingo de Silos]] lies a few miles north of Caleruega.
In the earliest narrative source, by [[Jordan of Saxony]], Dominic's parents are not named. The story is told that before his birth his barren mother made a pilgrimage to the [[Abbey of Santo Domingo de Silos|Abbey at Silos]], and dreamt that a dog leapt from her womb carrying a flaming torch in its mouth, and seemed to set the earth on fire. This story is likely to have emerged when his order became known, after his name, as the ''Dominican'' order, ''Dominicanus'' in Latin, and a play on words interpreted as ''Domini canis'': "Dog of the Lord."<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=8mUJ58SMMhEC&dq=joan+of+aza&pg=PA299 Walsh, Michael J., "Jane of Aza", ''A New Dictionary of Saints'', Liturgical Press, 2007] {{ISBN|9780814631867}}</ref> Jordan adds that Dominic was brought up by his parents and a maternal uncle who was an archbishop.<ref>[[Libellus de principiis]], 4.</ref> The failure to name his parents is not unusual, since Jordan wrote a history of the Order's early years, rather than a biography of Dominic. A later source of the 13th century gives their names as [[Juana de Aza|Juana]] and Felix.<ref>Pedro Ferrando, "Legenda Sancti Dominici, 4."</ref> Nearly a century after Dominic's birth, the local author [[Rodrigo de Cerrato]] asserted that Dominic's father was an honored and wealthy man in his village.<ref>[[Rodrigo de Cerrato|Cerrato, Rodrigo de]] ''Vita S. Dominico''.
He also said Dominic had the divine gift of [[speaking in tongues]]. Quote: "I am well aware that we are reaping these material goods, but we are not sowing spiritual goods in them; we are kneeling and asking God to help us understand them and to be able to speak to them so that we can proclaim the Word of God to them." As quoted in {{cite web|url=https://www.dominicanes.it/san-domenico-poliglotta-alloccorrenza/|archive-url=https://archive.today/20250303192835/https://www.dominicanes.it/san-domenico-poliglotta-alloccorrenza/|archive-date=March 3, 2025|title=San Domenico: poliglotta all'occorrenza|date=June 5, 2015|language=it}}</ref> The travel narrative of [[Pero Tafur]], written circa 1439 (about a pilgrimage to Dominic's tomb in Italy), states that Dominic's father belonged to the family [[House of Guzmán|de Guzmán]], and that his mother belonged to the ''Aça'' or Aza family.<ref>Pero Tafur, ''Andanças e viajes'' (tr. Malcolm Letts, p. 31). Tafur's book is dedicated to a member of the de Guzmán family.</ref> Dominic's mother, [[Joan of Aza]], was beatified by [[Pope Leo XII]] in 1829. His older brother, [[Manés de Guzmán|Manés]] was also beatified by [[Pope Gregory XVI]] on 1834.
===Education and early career=== [[File:Daniel van den Dyck - St Dominic accompanied by Simon de Montfort raising the crucifix against the Albigensians.JPG|thumb|240px|''A picture of St Dominic accompanied by Simon de Montfort raising the crucifix against the Cathars'' by [[Daniel van den Dyck]]]] At fourteen years of age, Dominic was sent to the [[Premonstratensian]] monastery of [[Santa María de La Vid]] and subsequently transferred for further studies in the schools of Palencia.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Hook|first=Walter Farquhar|title=An ecclesiastical biography, containing the lives of ancient fathers and modern divines, interspersed with notices of heretics and schismatics, forming a brief history of the church in every age|publisher=[[Rivington (publishers)|F. and J. Rivington]]; Parker, Oxford; J. and J. J. Deighton, Cambridge; T. Harrison, Leeds|year=1848|volume=4|location=London|pages=467}}</ref> In Palencia, he devoted six years to the [[arts]] and four to [[theology]].{{sfn|Guiraud|1913|p=7}} At some point in time he also joined Santa María de La Vid.<ref name=":0" />
In 1191, when Spain was desolated by famine,{{sfn|Guiraud|1913|p=7}} young Dominic gave away his money and sold his clothes, furniture, and even precious manuscripts to feed the hungry. Dominic reportedly told his astonished fellow students, "Would you have me study off these dead skins when men are dying of hunger?"<ref>Thomsett, Michael C., ''The Inquisition: A History'',(McFarland, 2010), p. 54</ref>
At the age of 24, Dominic was ordained as a priest and joined the [[canonry]] of the [[Burgo de Osma Cathedral|Cathedral of Osma]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=St. Dominic of Guzmán, priest, Founder of the Order of The Preachers – Information on the Saint of the Day – Vatican News|url=https://www.vaticannews.va/en/saints/08/08/st--dominic-of-guzman--priest-founder-of-the-order-of-the-preach.html|access-date=31 October 2020|website=www.vaticannews.va|language=en}}</ref> In 1198, Don Martin de Bazan, the [[Bishop of Osma]], having reformed the chapter, made Dominic the subprior of the chapter.<ref name=OConnor/>
[[Diego de Acebo]] succeeded Bazan as Bishop of Osma in 1201. In 1203 or 1204, Dominic accompanied Diego on a diplomatic mission for [[Alfonso VIII of Castile|Alfonso VIII]], [[King of Castile]], to secure a bride in [[Denmark]] for crown prince Ferdinand.<ref>[[Jordan of Saxony]], ''Libellus de principiis'' pp. 14–20; Gérard de Frachet, ''Chronica prima'' [MOPH 1.321].</ref> The envoys traveled to Denmark via [[Aragon]] and the south of [[France]]. The marriage negotiations ended successfully, but the princess died before leaving for Castile.<ref name=3op>[http://www.3op.org/stdominic.php "Saint Dominic", Lay Dominicans] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130113161852/http://www.3op.org/stdominic.php |date=13 January 2013 }}</ref> During their return journey, they met with [[Cistercian]] monks who had been sent by Pope Innocent III to preach against the [[Cathars]], a religious sect with gnostic and dualistic beliefs which the Catholic Church deemed heretical. Dominic and Diego de Acebo attributed the Cistercians' lack of success to their extravagance and pomp compared to the asceticism of the Cathars. Dominic and Diego decided to adopt a more ascetic way of life and began a program in the south of [[France]] to convert the Cathars.<ref name=OConnor>{{Cite Catholic Encyclopedia|id=05106a|title=St. Dominic|first=John Bonaventure|last=O'Connor|access-date=31 October 2020}}</ref>
===Prouille=== [[File:Bernardo Cavallino - La Visione di San Domenico (anni 1640).jpg|thumb|''The vision of St. Dominic receiving the rosary from the Virgin'' by [[Bernardo Cavallino]]]] In late 1206, Acebo and his group established themselves at the [[Monastery of Our Lady of Prouille]] in [[France]]. Bishop Foulques of Toulouse allowed them to use the church. The house was intended partly as a refuge for women who had previously lived in Cathar religious houses, and partly the first established base of operations.<ref>William Westcott Kibler, ''Medieval France: An Encyclopedia'' (Routledge 1995), ''s.v.'' "Dominican order".</ref> The first nuns of Prouille lived for several months at Fanjeaux, because the buildings at Prouille were not yet habitable. Dominic gave them the [[Rule of St. Augustine]].
Catholic-Cathar debates were held at [[Verfeil, Haute-Garonne|Verfeil]], [[Pamiers]] and [[Montréal, Aude|Montréal]].<ref>{{Citation|title=Guillaume de Puylaurens, Chronique 1145–1275: Chronica magistri Guillelmi de Podio Laurentii|year=1976|place=Paris|publisher=CNRS|author-link=Jean Duvernoy|last=Duvernoy|first=Jean|isbn=2-910352-06-4}} pp. 52-3, 56-7.</ref> Ordered by the Pope to return to his diocese, Diego de Acebo died at Osma in December 1207, leaving Dominic alone in his mission.<ref name=":1" />
====The Vision of Mary and the rosary==== Based on a Dominican tradition, in 1208 Dominic experienced a vision of the [[Blessed Virgin Mary]] in the church at Prouille, during which she gave him a [[rosary]].<ref>Catherine Beebe, ''St. Dominic and the rosary'' {{ISBN|0-89870-518-5}}</ref> This gave rise to the title [[Our Lady of the Rosary]].<ref>Robert Feeney, ''The Rosary: The Little Summa'' {{ISBN|0-9622347-1-0}}</ref> The prayer beads were well-known at the time; it was not the beginning of rosary devotion, but Dominicans contributed much to its spread. For centuries the rosary has been at the heart of the [[Order of Preachers|Dominican Order]]. [[Pope Pius XI]] stated, that the rosary is "the principle and foundation on which the Order of St. Dominic rests for perfecting the lives of its members and obtaining the salvation of others."<ref>[http://opcentral.org/about-us/our-history/ History of the Dominicans] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191105191712/http://opcentral.org/about-us/our-history/ |date=5 November 2019 }} (2014) Dominican Shrine of St. Jude, New Priory Press</ref>
===Foundation of the Dominicans=== In 1215, Dominic with six followers moved into a house given them by Peter Seila of [[Toulouse]].{{sfn|Guiraud|1913|pp=65–66}} Dominic saw the need for a new type of organization to address the spiritual needs of the growing cities of the era, one that would combine dedication and systematic education, with more organizational flexibility than either monastic orders or the secular clergy. He subjected himself and his companions to the [[monastic]] rules of [[prayer]] and [[penance]]; [[Folquet de Marselha|Bishop Foulques]] of Toulouse gave them written authority to preach throughout his territory.<ref>[http://www.dominicains.ca/francais/Documents/documents_gen/approbation2.htm French translation of Foulques' 1215 letter] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111153214/http://www.dominicains.ca/francais/Documents/documents_gen/approbation2.htm |date=11 January 2012 }}</ref>
Also in 1215, the year of the [[Fourth Lateran Council]], Dominic and Foulques went to Rome to secure the approval of [[Pope Innocent III]]. Dominic returned to Rome a year later and was finally granted written authority in December 1216 by the new pope, [[Honorius III]], for him to form the ''[[Ordo Praedicatorum]]'' ("Order of Preachers").<ref name=OConnor/>
In the winter of 1216–1217, at the house of [[Gregory IX|Ugolino de' Conti]], Dominic first met [[William of Montferrat (monk)|William of Montferrat]], who joined Dominic as a friar in the Order of Preachers and remained a close friend.{{sfn|Guiraud|1913|p=137}}
===Later life=== [[Cecilia Cesarini]], who was received by Dominic into his new order, in her old age described him as "...thin and of middle height. His face was handsome and somewhat fair. He had reddish hair and beard and beautiful eyes ... His hands were long and fine and his voice pleasingly resonant. He never got bald, though he wore the full [[tonsure]], which was mingled with a few grey hairs."<ref name=canada>[http://www.dominicans.ca/Family/life_dominic.html "Life of St. Dominic", Dominicans of Canada]</ref> [[File:Santo Domingo en oración (Boston).jpg|thumb|''Saint Dominic in prayer'' by [[El Greco]]]]
Although he traveled extensively to maintain contact with his growing brotherhood of friars,{{sfn|Guiraud|1913|p=129}} Dominic made his headquarters in Rome.{{sfn|Guiraud|1913|p=91}} In 1219, Pope Honorius III invited Dominic and his companions to take up residence at the ancient Roman [[basilica]] of [[Santa Sabina]], which they did by early 1220. Before that time the friars had a temporary residence in Rome at the convent of [[San Sisto Vecchio]], which Honorius III had given to Dominic circa 1218, intending it to become a convent for a reformation of nuns at Rome under Dominic's guidance. The official foundation of the Dominican convent at [[Santa Sabina]] with its ''studium conventuale'', the first Dominican ''studium'' in Rome, occurred with the legal transfer of property from Pope [[Honorius III]] to the [[Dominican Order|Order of Preachers]] on 5 June 1222, though the brethren had taken up residence there already in 1220.<ref>[http://www.domcentral.org/trad/domwork/domwork03.htm Pierre Mandonnet, OP (1948) ''St. Dominic and His Work''] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120618034722/http://www.domcentral.org/trad/domwork/domwork03.htm |date=18 June 2012 }}, Translated by Sister Mary Benedicta Larkin, OP, B. Herder Book Co., St. Louis/London, Chapter III, note 50: "If the installation at Santa Sabina does not date from 1220, at least it is from 1221. The official grant was made only in June 1222 (Bullarium OP, I, 15). But the terms of the bull show that there had been a concession earlier. Before that concession, the Pope said that the friars had no hospitium in Rome. At that time St. Sixtus was no longer theirs; Conrad of Metz could not have alluded to St. Sixtus, therefore, when he said in 1221: "The Pope has conferred on them a house in Rome" (Laurent no. 136). It is possible that the Pope was waiting for the completion of the building that he was having done at Santa Sabina, before giving the title to the property, on 5 June 1222, to the new Master of the Order, elected not many days before." Accessed 20 May 2012.</ref> The ''studium'' at Santa Sabina was the forerunner of the ''[[studium generale]]'' at [[Santa Maria sopra Minerva]]. The latter would be transformed in the 16th century into the College of Saint Thomas ({{langx|la|Collegium Divi Thomæ}}), and then in the 20th century into the [[Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas|Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas, ''Angelicum'']] sited at the convent of [[Santi Domenico e Sisto|Saints Dominic and Sixtus]].
Dominic arrived in Bologna on 21 December 1218.{{sfn|Guiraud|1913|p=112}} A convent was established at the Mascarella church by [[Reginald of Orleans]].{{sfn|Guiraud|1913|pp=111–113}} Soon afterward they had to move to the church of San Nicolò of the Vineyards.{{sfn|Guiraud|1913|p=115}} Dominic settled in this church and held the first two General Chapters of the order there.{{sfn|Guiraud|1913|pp=126, 140}}
According to Guiraud, Dominic abstained from meat,{{sfn|Guiraud|1913|p=156}} "observed stated fasts and periods of silence",{{sfn|Guiraud|1913|p=116}} "selected the worst accommodations and the meanest clothes", and "never allowed himself the luxury of a bed".{{sfn|Guiraud|1913|pp=130, 176}} "When traveling, he beguiled the journey with spiritual instruction and prayers".{{sfn|Guiraud|1913|pp=130–132}} Guiraud also states that Dominic frequently traveled barefoot and that "rain and other discomforts elicited from his lips nothing but praises to God".{{sfn|Guiraud|1913|p=130}}
Dominic died at the age of fifty-one, according to Guiraud "exhausted with the austerities and labors of his career".{{sfn|Guiraud|1913|p=172}} He had reached the convent of St Nicholas at [[Bologna]], [[Italy]], "weary and sick with a fever".{{sfn|Guiraud|1913|p=172}} Guiraud states that Dominic "made the monks lay him on some sacking stretched upon the ground"{{sfn|Guiraud|1913|p=172}} and that "the brief time that remained to him was spent in exhorting his followers to have charity, to guard their humility, and to make their treasure out of poverty".{{sfn|Guiraud|1913|pp=173–175}} He died at noon on 6 August 1221.<ref name=":1"/> His body was moved to a simple sarcophagus in 1233.{{sfn|Guiraud|1913|pp=175, 181}} Under the authority of [[Pope Gregory IX]], Dominic was canonized in 1234.{{sfn|Guiraud|1913|p=178}} In 1267 Dominic's remains were moved to [[Arca di San Domenico|the shrine]], made by [[Nicola Pisano]] and his workshop for the [[San Domenico, Bologna|Church of St. Dominic in Bologna]].{{sfn|Guiraud|1913|p=181}} {{clear|left}}
==Inquisition== [[File:Pedro Berruguete Saint Dominic Presiding over an Auto-da-fe 1495.jpg|thumb|200 px|''St Dominic presiding over an [[Auto da fe]]'', by [[Pedro Berruguete]], c. 1495<ref name="Prado">*[https://www.museodelprado.es/en/the-collection/art-work/saint-dominic-guzman-presiding-over-an-auto-da-fe/5564d7cb-621f-437b-b2e8-001728590173?searchid=f0914349-218d-0b19-a3f9-8e0b37d6a908 Page of the painting] at [[Prado Museum]].</ref>]]
Dominic is commonly but apocryphally associated with the [[Inquisition]]. Historical sources from Dominic's own time period reveal nothing about his involvement in the Inquisition.<ref>See Bernard Hamilton (1981) ''The Medieval Inquisition'', pp. 36–37, New York: Holmes & Meier; {{ill|Simon Tugwell|qid=Q93230954}} (1982) ''Early Dominicans: Selected Writings'', p. 114, note 90, Ramsey, New Jersey: Paulist Press</ref> Dominic died in 1221, and the office of the Inquisition was not established until 1231 in Lombardy and 1234 in Languedoc.<ref>Guy Bedouelle (1981) ''St. Dominic: The Grace of the Word'', p. 185, San Francisco: Ignatius Press</ref>
Canon 27 of the [[Third Council of the Lateran]] of 1179 stressed the duty of princes to repress heresy and condemned "the Brabantians, Aragonese, Basques, Navarrese, and others who practice such cruelty toward Christians that they respect neither churches nor monasteries, spare neither widows nor orphans, neither age nor sex, but after the manner of pagans, destroy and lay waste everything".<ref>Sullivan, Karen. ''Truth and the heretic: crises of knowledge in medieval French literature'', (University of Chicago Press, 2005) p. 120</ref> This was followed in 1184 by a [[decretal]] of [[Pope Lucius III]], ''[[Ad abolendam]]''. This decreed that bishops were to investigate the presence of heresy within their respective dioceses. Practices and procedures of episcopal inquisitions could vary from one diocese to another, depending on the resources available to individual bishops and their relative interest or disinterest.<ref>Edward (1988). ''Inquisition''. Berkeley and Los Angeles, CA: University of California Press. {{ISBN|0-520-06630-8}}</ref>
In 1231 Pope Gregory IX appointed a number of Papal Inquisitors, mostly [[Dominican Order|Dominicans]] and [[Franciscan]]s, for the various regions of Europe. As [[mendicant]]s, they were accustomed to travel. Unlike the haphazard episcopal methods, the papal inquisition was thorough and systematic, keeping detailed records. This tribunal or court functioned in France, Italy and parts of Germany and had virtually ceased operation by the early fourteenth century.<ref name=medieval>{{Cite web |url=http://courseweb.stthomas.edu/medieval/francis/inquisition.htm |title="Medieval Inquisition", Univ. of St. Thomas |access-date=9 May 2020 |archive-date=2 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130602042126/http://courseweb.stthomas.edu/medieval/francis/inquisition.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>
In the 15th century, the Spanish Inquisition commissioned the artist [[Pedro Berruguete]] to depict Dominic presiding at an ''[[auto da fé]]''. Thus, the Spanish inquisitors promoted a historical legend for the sake of auto-justification.<ref>Edward Peters (1988) ''Inquisition'', p. 223, New York: The Free Press</ref> Reacting against the Spanish tribunals, 16th- and 17th-century Protestant polemicists developed and perpetuated the legend of Dominic the Inquisitor.<ref name="Peters, Inquisition, 223">Peters, ''Inquisition'', p.223</ref> This image gave German Protestant critics of the Catholic Church an argument against the Dominican Order whose preaching had proven to be a formidable opponent in the lands of the Reformation.<ref>Peters, ''Inquisition'', p. 129</ref> As Edward Peters notes, "In Protestant historiography of the sixteenth century a kind of anti-cult of St. Dominic grew up."<ref name="Peters, Inquisition, 223"/>
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== Cord of Saint Dominic == The Cord (belt) of Saint Dominic is a [[Catholic Church|Catholic]] [[sacramental]] which reminds the wearer of the protection of Saint Dominic.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dominikanie.pl |title=O pasku – Mniszki dominikańskie na Gródku |url=https://grodek.mniszki.dominikanie.pl/o-pasku/ |access-date=2022-12-06 |language=pl}}</ref> The history of the cord is associated with the miraculous image of [[Saint Dominic in Soriano]], the perimeter of which painting defines the length of the cord.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pasek św. Dominika |url=https://www.przewodnik-katolicki.pl/Archiwum/2010/Przewodnik-Katolicki-33-2010/Wiara-i-Kosciol/Pasek-sw-Dominika |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=Przewodnik Katolicki |language=pl}}</ref> The beginning of the prayer ''"O wonderful hope"'' is written on the cord.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Contemplata aliis Tradere |url=http://contemplare.blogspot.com/2005/11/o-spem-miram.html |access-date=2022-12-06 |language=en}}</ref> According to the tradition, if someone wishes to receive grace from Saint Dominic, they should wear it all the time.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-08-21 |title=Pasek św. Dominika – historia oraz świadectwa szczęśliwych matek |url=https://pch24.pl/pasek-sw-dominika-historia-oraz-swiadectwa-szczesliwych-matek/ |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=PCH24.pl |language=pl-PL}}</ref> Infertile couples use the cord to pray for intercession of Saint Dominic for the gift of offspring from God.<ref>{{Cite web |last=portalu |first=Redakcja |date=2017-08-08 |title=Dla pragnących potomstwa - Pasek św. Dominika |url=https://stacja7.pl/modlitwa/dla-pragnacych-potomstwa-pasek-sw-dominika/ |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=Stacja7.pl |language=pl-PL}}</ref>
== Veneration == The feast of Saint Dominic is celebrated with great pomp and devotion in [[Malta]], in the old city of [[Birgu]] and the capital city of [[Valletta]]. [[Pope Pius V]], a Dominican friar himself, aided the [[Knights Hospitaller|Knights of St. John]] to build Valletta.<ref name="Rosary">{{cite web |url=http://www.catholic.net/rcc/Periodicals/Faith/0910-96/articl11.html|title=St. Dominic and the Rosary|access-date=11 July 2008|publisher=Catholic.net|author=Robert Feeney |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080608015202/http://www.catholic.net/rcc/Periodicals/Faith/0910-96/articl11.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date = 8 June 2008}}</ref>
The ''[[Arca di San Domenico]]'' is a shrine containing the remains of Saint Dominic, located in the [[San Domenico, Bologna|Basilica of San Domenico]] in Bologna.
The [[Pattern of Urlaur]] is an annual festival held on 4 August at Urlaur, [[Kilmovee]], [[County Mayo]] since medieval times, to commemorate the [[Calendar of saints|feast day]] of Saint Dominic.<ref>[http://www.mayo-ireland.ie/Mayo/Towns/Kilklly/Kilklly.htm "Kilkelly, County Mayo", Mayo Ireland]</ref>
The following dates are all feasts dedicated to Saint Dominic observed by Catholics depending on location and tradition: * 25 January – commemoration of translation of relics to [[Igreja de São Roque|Church of Saint Roch]] * 15 February – commemoration of the skull translation (1383),<ref name="Capilla y Sepulcro">{{Cite web |date=2016-12-13 |title=Capilla y Sepulcro |url=https://www.dominicos.org/quienes-somos/santo-domingo-de-guzman/iconografia/santo-domingo/capilla-y-sepulcro/ |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=dominicos.org |language=es}}</ref> * 24 May – commemoration of first translation (1233),<ref name="Zeno">{{Cite web |last=Zeno |title=Lexikoneintrag zu »Dominicus, S. (7)«. Vollständiges Heiligen-Lexikon, Band 1. ... |url=http://www.zeno.org/Heiligenlexikon-1858/A/Dominicus,+S.+(7) |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=www.zeno.org |language=de}}</ref><ref name="Capilla y Sepulcro"/> * 5 June – commemoration of second translation (1267)<ref name="San Domenico di Guzman">{{Cite web |title=San Domenico di Guzman |url=https://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/23950 |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=Santiebeati.it}}</ref> * 3 July – commemoration of canonization anniversary (1234)<ref name="San Domenico di Guzman"/> * 3 August – main commemoration (Australia)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Liturgical Calendar — Australia (2021) |url=http://www.gcatholic.org/calendar/2021/AU-en.htm |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=www.gcatholic.org}}</ref> * 4 August – commemoration by ([[Traditionalist Catholic|Traditional Roman Catholics]]),<ref name="Zeno"/> * 6 August – commemoration of [[death anniversary]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dominik |url=https://deon.pl/imiona-swietych/dominik,2318 |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=DEON.pl |language=pl}}</ref> * 7 August – main commemoration ([[Diocese of Sosnowiec]], 8 August - anniversary of the dedication of cathedral church)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Provect |title=Kalendarz liturgiczny - sierpień - Diecezja Sosnowiecka |url=http://diecezja.sosnowiec.pl/news/kalendarz-liturgiczny-sierpien-5783 |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=Kalendarz liturgiczny - sierpień - Diecezja Sosnowiecka}}</ref> * 8 August – main commemoration,<ref>{{Cite book |last=Catholic Church |url=http://archive.org/details/MartRom2004 |title=Martyrologium Romanum (2004) |date=2004}}</ref> * 15 September – commemoration of apparition of ''[[Saint Dominic in Soriano]]'' (traditional date)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Santuario San Domenico in Soriano |url=https://it-it.facebook.com/sandomenicoinsoriano |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=it-it.facebook.com |language=it}}</ref> * 25 September – commemoration of apparition of ''[[Saint Dominic in Soriano]]'' (modern date)<ref>{{Cite book |last=Lippini |first=P. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dAZsi_Qm7igC&dq=San+Domenico+in+Soriano+%2225+settembre%22%3A&pg=PA543 |title=Piccolo breviario |date=1992 |publisher=Edizioni Studio Domenicano |isbn=978-88-7094-107-4 |language=it}}</ref> * 11 November – commemoration of third translation (1411)<ref name="Capilla y Sepulcro"/>
Dominic is honored in the [[Calendar of saints (Church of England)|Church of England]] and in the [[Calendar of saints (Episcopal Church)|Episcopal Church]] on [[August 8|8 August]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Calendar|url=https://www.churchofengland.org/prayer-and-worship/worship-texts-and-resources/common-worship/churchs-year/calendar|access-date=27 March 2021|website=The Church of England|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bEq7DwAAQBAJ |title=Lesser Feasts and Fasts 2018 |date=2019-12-17 |publisher=Church Publishing, Inc. |isbn=978-1-64065-235-4 |language=en}}</ref>
In 1963, the Belgian nun [[Sœur Sourire]] reached number one on the U.S. music charts with the song ''[[Dominique]]'', dedicated to St. Dominic.{{Citation needed|date=September 2025}}
==Toponymy== The [[Dominican Republic]] and its capital [[Santo Domingo]] are named after Saint Dominic.
==References== {{Reflist|30em}}
==Bibliography== * {{cite book|last=Bedouelle | first=Guy |title=Saint Dominic: The Grace of the Word | publisher = Ignatius Press |date=1995 |isbn=0-89870-531-2}} An excerpt is available online: [https://web.archive.org/web/20120531105844/http://www.ignatiusinsight.com/features2011/gbedouelle_dominicinquisitions_aug2011.asp "The Holy Inquisition: Dominic and the Dominicans"] *{{cite book |last=Finn |first=Richard |title=Dominic and the Order of Preachers |location=London |publisher=Catholic Truth Society |year=2016 |isbn=9781784691011 |url=https://www.ctsbooks.org/dominic-and-the-order-of-preachers |access-date=20 February 2016}} * {{cite book |title=Saint Dominic: The Story of a Preaching Friar |first1=Donald J. |last1=Goergen |location=New York |publisher=The Paulist Press |year=2016 |isbn=978-08091-4954-4}} * {{cite book |title=Saint Dominic |first=Jean|last=Guiraud|date=1913 |publisher=Duckworth|url = https://archive.org/details/saintdominic00guirrich}} * Francis C. Lehner, ed., ''St Dominic: biographical documents''. Washington: Thomist Press, 1964 [https://web.archive.org/web/20111024152452/http://www.domcentral.org/trad/domdocs/default.htm Full text] * {{cite book |title=The Dominican Tradition |first1=Thomas |last1=McGonigle |first2=Phyllis |last2=Zagano |location=Collegeville, MN |publisher=The Liturgical Press |year=2006 |isbn=978-0-8146-1911-7 }} * Pierre Mandonnet, M. H. Vicaire, ''St. Dominic and His Work''. Saint Louis, 1948 [https://archive.today/20151116111008/http://opcentral.org/blog/847/ Full text at Dominican Central] * [https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05106a.htm Catholic Encyclopedia: ''St. Dominic''] by John B. O'Conner, 1909. * {{cite book |title=Early Dominicans: Selected Writings |first=Simon |last=Tugwell |author-link=Simon Tugwell|location=New York |publisher=Paulist Press |year=1982 |url=https://www.amazon.com/gp/reader/0809124149/ref=sib_dp_ptu#reader-link |isbn=978-0-8091-2414-5 }} * {{cite book |title=Saint Dominic and his Times|first=M.H.|last=Vicaire |others=Translated by Kathleen Pond |publisher=Alt Publishing |location=Green Bay, Wisconsin |year=1964 |asin=B0000CMEWR }} * {{cite book |title= A Short History of Monks and Monasteries |first=Alfred Wesley |last=Wishart |year=1900 |publisher=[[Project Gutenberg]] |url=https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/13206 |others=Freely available eText }} * {{BBKL|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070613122959/http://www.bautz.de/bbkl/d/dominikus.shtml |band=1|spalten=1356–1358|autor=Friedrich Wilhelm Bautz}} * Guy Bedouelle: ''Dominikus – Von der Kraft des Wortes.'' Styria, Graz/ Wien/ Köln 1984, {{ISBN|3-222-11513-3}}. * Jean-René Bouchet: ''Dominikus: Gefährte der Verirrten.'' from the Franz. von Michael Marsch. publisher's current texts, Heiligenkreuztal, 1989, {{ISBN|3-921312-37-X}}. * Peter Dyckhoff: ''Mit Leib und Seele beten''. Illustrations and text of a mediaeval manuscript about the new form of prayer by Saint Dominic. {{ISBN|3-451-28231-3}}. * Paul D. Hellmeier: ''Dominikus begegnen''. St.Ulrich Verlag, Augsburg, 2007, {{ISBN|978-3-936484-92-2}}. * Wolfram Hoyer (ed.): ''[[Jordan von Sachsen]]. Von den Anfängen des Predigerordens.'' (Dominikanische Quellen und Zeugnisse; Vol. 3). Benno, Leipzig, 2002, {{ISBN|3-7462-1574-9}}. * Meinolf Lohrum: ''Dominikus.'' Benno, Leipzig, 1987, {{ISBN|3-7462-0047-4}}. * Meinolf Lohrum: ''Dominikus. Beter und Prediger.'' M. Grünewald, Mainz, 1990, {{ISBN|3-7867-1136-4}}.
==External links== {{Commons category|Saint Dominic}} {{wikisource|works=or}} {{wikiquote}} * {{cite web | url = https://www.op.org| title = Website of Dominicans Friars (''Ordo Predicatorum'', OP)}} * {{cite web | url = http://www.stpetersbasilica.info/Statues/Founders/Dominic/Dominic.htm | title = Founder Statue in St Peter's Basilica | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180112232419/http://www.stpetersbasilica.info/Statues/Founders/Dominic/Dominic.htm | archive-date = 12 January 2018}} * {{cite web | url = http://www.christianiconography.info/goldenLegend/dominic.htm | title = "Here followeth of St. Dominic" in the ''Golden Legend'' | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180107231515/http://www.christianiconography.info/goldenLegend/dominic.htm | archive-date = 7 January 2018 | url-status = live }} (translation by [[William Caxton|W. Caxton]], First Edition in 1483) * {{Hl-Lex|b|Dominikus.htm}}
{{Dominican Order}} {{History of Catholic theology|collapsed}} {{Catholic saints}} {{Catholic saints - Confessors}} {{portal bar|Biography|Catholicism|Saints|Spain|Italy}} {{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Dominic}} [[Category:1170 births]] [[Category:1221 deaths]] [[Category:People from the Province of Burgos]] [[Category:Spanish Dominicans]] [[Category:Dominican saints]] [[Category:Spanish Christian theologians]] [[Category:Founders of Catholic religious communities]] [[Category:Spanish Roman Catholic saints]] [[Category:Marian visionaries]] [[Category:Dominican spirituality]] [[Category:13th-century Christian saints]] [[Category:Burials at the Basilica of San Domenico]] [[Category:Pre-Reformation saints of the Lutheran liturgical calendar]] [[Category:Pre-Reformation Anglican saints]] [[Category:Masters of the Order of Preachers]] [[Category:Medieval Spanish theologians]] [[Category:13th-century Roman Catholic theologians]] [[Category:Anglican saints]]