Spisula

{{Short description|Genus of bivalves}} {{Automatic taxobox |taxon = Spisula |image = Spisula williamsi (MNHN-IM-2000-34899) 001.jpeg |image_caption = One valve of ''Spisula adamsi'' (specimen at MNHN, Paris) |authority = Gray, 1837 |type_species= ''Cardium solidum'' Linnaeus, 1758 |synonyms= * ''Hemimactra'' Swainson, 1840 * ''Notospisula'' Iredale, 1930 * ''Spisula (Hemimactra)'' Swainson, 1840 alternate representation * ''Spisula (Notospisula)'' Iredale, 1930 * † ''Spisula (Ruellia)'' Cossmann, 1913 · alternate representation * ''Spisula (Spisula)'' Gray, 1837 · alternate representation * ''Spisula (Spisulona)'' Marwick, 1948 · alternate representation * ''Spisulina'' P. Fischer, 1887 * † ''Spisulona'' Marwick, 1948 |display_parents = 3 |subdivision_ranks = Species |subdivision = See text. }}

'''''Spisula''''' is a genus of medium-sized to large marine bivalve mollusks or clams in the subfamily Mactrinae of the family Mactridae, commonly known as surf clams or trough shells.<ref name="WoRMS">MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Spisula Gray, 1837. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=138159 on 2022-06-20</ref>

==Species== Species in the genus ''Spisula'' include: * ''Spisula adamsi'' Olsson, 1961 * ''Spisula austini'' Lamprell & Whitehead, 1990 * †''Spisula bernayi'' (Cossmann, 1886) * † ''Spisula brombachensis'' S. Schneider & Mandic, 2014 * † ''Spisula couttsi'' Marwick, 1948 * † ''Spisula crassitesta'' (Finlay, 1927) * ''Spisula discors'' (Gray, 1837) * ''Spisula elliptica'' (T. Brown, 1827) * ''Spisula murchisoni'' (Reeve, 1854) * ''Spisula raveneli'' (Conrad, 1832) * ''Spisula sachalinensis'' (Schrenck, 1862) * ''Spisula solida'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Spisula solidissima'' (Dillwyn, 1817) – Atlantic surfclam * ''Spisula subtruncata'' (da Costa, 1778) * ''Spisula trigonella'' (Lamarck, 1818) * † ''Spisula voyi'' (Gabb, 1866)

;Synonyms: * ''Spisula adelaidae'' Angas, 1865: synonym of ''Anapella cycladea'' (Lamarck, 1818) * ''Spisula aequilateralis'' (Deshayes, 1854) – Triangle shell: synonym of ''Crassula aequilatera'' (Reeve, 1854) * ''Spisula alaskana'' Dall, 1921: synonym of ''Mactromeris polynyma'' (Stimpson, 1860) * ''Spisula aspersa'' (G. B. Sowerby I, 1825): synonym of ''Oxyperas aspersa'' (G. B. Sowerby I, 1825): synonym of ''Oxyperas aspersum'' (G. B. Sowerby I, 1825)'' * ''Spisula belliana'' W. R. B. Oliver, 1915: synonym of ''Oxyperas belliana'' (W. R. B. Oliver, 1915): synonym of ''Oxyperas bellianum'' (W. R. B. Oliver, 1915) * ''Spisula bernardi'' Pilsbry, 1904: synonym of ''Oxyperas bernardi'' (Pilsbry, 1904) * ''Spisula camaronis'' Dall, 1921: synonym of ''Mactromeris hemphillii'' (Dall, 1894) * ''Spisula catilliformis'' Conrad, 1867: synonym of ''Mactromeris catilliformis'' (Conrad, 1867) * ''Spisula cretacea'' Angas, 1868: synonym of ''Spisula trigonella'' (Lamarck, 1818) * ''Spisula dolabriformis'' Conrad, 1867: synonym of ''Simomactra dolabriformis'' (Conrad, 1867) (original combination) * ''Spisula fragilis'' Gray, 1837: synonym of ''Standella pellucida'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Spisula hemphillii'' (Dall, 1894): synonym of ''Mactromeris hemphillii'' (Dall, 1894) * ''Spisula isabelleana'' (d'Orbigny, 1846): synonym of ''Mactra isabelleana'' d'Orbigny, 1846 * Spisula lamarckii Gray, 1837: synonym of Eastonia rugosa (Helbling, 1779) * ''Spisula lentiginosa'' Gould, 1852: synonym of ''Oxyperas lentiginosa'' (Gould, 1852): synonym of ''Oxyperas lentiginosum'' (Gould, 1852) * ''Spisula longa'' Dall, 1921: synonym of ''Tresus nuttallii'' (Conrad, 1837) * ''Spisula marplatensis'' (Doello-Jurado, 1949): synonym of ''Mactra marplatensis'' Doello-Jurado, 1949 * ''Spisula ovalis'' (J. Sowerby, 1817) : synonym of ''Spisula solida'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Spisula ovata'' Gray, 1843: synonym of ''Cyclomactra ovata'' (Gray, 1843) * ''Spisula petitii'' (d'Orbigny, 1846): synonym of ''Mactra petitii'' d'Orbigny, 1846 * ''Spisula polynyma'' (Stimpson, 1860): synonym of ''Mactromeris polynyma'' (Stimpson, 1860) * ''Spisula producta'' Angas, 1868: synonym of ''Spisula trigonella'' (Lamarck, 1818) * ''Spisula richmondi'' (Dall, 1894): synonym of ''Mactra petitii'' d'Orbigny, 1846 * ''Spisula sayii'' Gray, 1837: synonym of ''Spisula raveneli'' (Conrad, 1832) * ''Spisula solanderi'' J.E. Gray, 1837: synonym of ''Eastonia solanderi'' (J. E. Gray, 1837) * ''Spisula strongi'' T. A. Burch, 1945: synonym of ''Simomactra planulata'' (Conrad, 1837) * ''Spisula triangula'' (Brocchi, 1814): synonym of ''Spisula subtruncata'' (da Costa, 1778) * ''Spisula vladivostokensis'' Bartsch, 1929: synonym of ''Mactromeris polynyma'' (Stimpson, 1860) * ''Spisula voji'' [sic]: synonym of † ''Spisula voyi'' (Gabb, 1866) * ''Spisula williamsi'' (Berry, 1960): synonym of ''Spisula adamsi'' Olsson, 1961

<gallery> File:Spisula subtruncata.jpg|''Spisula subtruncata'' </gallery>

==References== {{reflist}} * {{ITIS |taxon=''Spisula'' |id=80943}} * Marwick J. (1948). Lower Pliocene Mollusca from Otahuhu, Auckland. New Zealand Geological Survey Palaeontological Bulletin. 16: 38 pp., 8 pl. * Coan, E. V.; Valentich-Scott, P. (2012). Bivalve seashells of tropical West America. Marine bivalve mollusks from Baja California to northern Peru. 2 vols, 1258 pp

==External links== * [https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2334415 Gray, J. E. (1837). A synoptical catalogue of the species of certain tribes or genera of shells contained in the collection of the British Museum and the author's cabinet. Magazine of Natural History, N.S. 1: 370-376] * [http://australianmuseum.net.au/Uploads/Journals/17186/773_complete.pdf Iredale, T. (1930). More notes on the marine Mollusca of New South Wales. Records of the Australian Museum. 17(9): 384-407, pls 62-65] * [http://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/ocrd/254404.pdf Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca. in: Costello, M.J. et al. (eds), European Register of Marine Species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Patrimoines Naturels. 50: 180-213]

Category:Mactridae Category:Bivalve genera Category:Taxa named by John Edward Gray