{{Short description|Extinct genus of ferns}} {{Automatic taxobox | fossil_range = {{fossil range|Devonian|Triassic}} | image_alt = A piece of rock showing imprints of about four slender vine-like stems with small wedged-shaped leaves arranged around regularly spaced nodes. | image = Sphenophyllum miravallis.jpg | image_caption = Fossil leaves and branches of the species ''Sphenophyllum miravallis'', Upper Carboniferous. Collection of Utrecht University | taxon = Sphenophyllum | authority = Brongn. (1828)<ref name=IFPNI_S/> | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = See text. }}
'''''Sphenophyllum''''' is a genus in the order Sphenophyllales.<ref>{{Cite web |title=''Sphenophyllum'' A.T.Brongniart, 1828 |url=https://www.gbif.org/species/7480046 |access-date=2023-04-15 |website=www.gbif.org |language=en}}</ref> It has been placed in the family Sphenophyllaceae.<ref name=IFPNI_S/>
==Species== Species that have been described include: *†''Sphenophyllum angustifolium''<ref name=HuanLiuLiuWang22/> *†''Sphenophyllum biarmicum'' <small>Zalessky (1937)</small><ref name=IFPNI_Sb>{{Cite web |title=''Sphenophyllum biarmicum'' |website=International Fossil Plant Names Index |url=http://www.ifpni.org/species.htm?id=6B619C3A-27CC-45E1-B232-9E2EB5E59AE5 |access-date=2024-02-24 }}</ref> *†''Sphenophyllum changxingense''<ref name=HuanLiuLiuWang22/> *†''Sphenophyllum churulianum'' <small>Ashw. K. Srivast. & Rigby (1963)</small><ref name=PDB_249938/><ref name=IFPNI_Sch>{{Cite web |title=''Sphenophyllum churulianum'' |website=International Fossil Plant Names Index |url=http://www.ifpni.org/species.htm?id=A62F8B0A-FD38-D112-4FC6-ADA997461193 |access-date=2024-02-24 }}</ref> *†''Sphenophyllum costae''<ref name=BioLib_61465/> *†''Sphenophyllum crenulatum''<ref name=PDB_249938/><small>Ashw. K. Srivast. & Rigby (1963)</small><ref name=PDB_249938/><ref name=IFPNI_Scr>{{Cite web |title=''Sphenophyllum crenulatum'' |website=International Fossil Plant Names Index |url=http://www.ifpni.org/species.htm?id=EC8DB9E9-5B3C-0552-FEE8-1824A87C1632 |access-date=2024-02-24 }}</ref> *†''Sphenophyllum cuneifolium'' <small>(Sternb.) Zeiller (1878)</small><ref name=BioLib_61465/><ref name=IFPNI_Scu>{{Cite web |title=''Sphenophyllum crenulatum'' |website=International Fossil Plant Names Index |url=http://www.ifpni.org/species.htm?id=2480E6D8-D2A2-46F3-B7E6-B27239FAA092 |access-date=2024-02-24 }}</ref> *†''Sphenophyllum elongatum'' <small>Rassk. (1961)</small><ref name=PDB_249938/><ref name=IFPNI_Sel>{{Cite web |title=''Sphenophyllum elongatum'' |website=International Fossil Plant Names Index |url=http://www.ifpni.org/species.htm?id=4DBB682B-F763-4A4A-BF31-BDC23C827F7C |access-date=2024-02-24 }}</ref> *†''Sphenophyllum emarginatum'' <small>Brongn. (1822)</small> (type species)<ref name=HuanLiuLiuWang22/><ref name=PDB_249938/><ref name=IFPNI_Sem>{{Cite web |title=''Sphenophyllum emarginatum'' |website=International Fossil Plant Names Index |url=http://www.ifpni.org/species.htm?id=50C958FB-08CB-45A5-8F39-D880759E4591 |access-date=2024-02-24 }}</ref> *†''Sphenophyllum fanwanense''<ref name=HuanLiuLiuWang22/> *†''Sphenophyllum gilmorei'' <small>C.D. White (1929)</small><ref name=IFPNI_Sgi>{{Cite web |title=''Sphenophyllum gilmorei'' |website=International Fossil Plant Names Index |url=http://www.ifpni.org/species.htm?id=B5780763-7A4D-826E-CF23-7982F41E8CA0 |access-date=2024-02-24 }}</ref> *†''Sphenophyllum gondwanensis''<ref name=PDB_249938/> *†''Sphenophyllum guangzhuoense'', nomen nudum<ref name=HuanLiuLiuWang22/> *†''Sphenophyllum koboense''<ref name=HuanLiuLiuWang22/> *†''Sphenophyllum latifolium'' <small>Fontaine & I.C. White (1880)</small><ref name=IFPNI_Sla>{{Cite web |title=''Sphenophyllum latifolium'' |website=International Fossil Plant Names Index |url=http://www.ifpni.org/species.htm?id=C809D6E7-39AA-7702-0F0E-3A54534335E9 |access-date=2024-02-24 }}</ref> *†''Sphenophyllum longifolium'' <small>(Germar) Gutbier (1843)</small><ref name=IFPNI_Slo>{{Cite web |title=''Sphenophyllum longifolium'' |website=International Fossil Plant Names Index |url=http://www.ifpni.org/species.htm?id=BECF3517-FA19-647C-15B5-A6BE04166E98 |access-date=2024-02-24 }}</ref> *†''Sphenophyllum lungtanense''<ref name=HuanLiuLiuWang22/> *†''Sphenophyllum majus'' <small>Bronn (1834)</small><ref name=IFPNI_Sma>{{Cite web |title=''Sphenophyllum majus'' |website=International Fossil Plant Names Index |url=http://www.ifpni.org/species.htm?id=54190597-1774-082D-1214-CDD096CB3CCC |access-date=2024-02-24 }}</ref> *†''Sphenophyllum miravallis'' <small>Vetter</small><ref name=HettBate84>{{Cite journal |last1=Hetterscheid |first1=W.L. |last2=Batenburg |first2=L.H. |date=1984 |title=''Sphenophyllum miravallis'' Vetter and ''Bowmanites cupulatus'' sp. n. from the "Illinger Flözzone" ("Heusweiler Schichten", Lower Stephanian, Saar Basin, German Federal Republic) |journal=Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology |volume=40 |pages=263–293 |doi=10.1016/0034-6667(84)90012-5 |name-list-style=amp }}</ref> *†''Sphenophyllum oblongifolium'' <small>(Germar) Unger (1850)</small><ref name=HuanLiuLiuWang22/><ref name=IFPNI_Sob>{{Cite web |title=''Sphenophyllum oblongifolium'' |website=International Fossil Plant Names Index |url=http://www.ifpni.org/species.htm?id=2129F340-422E-E312-3FBF-EE78E6457DD3 |access-date=2024-02-24 }}</ref> *†''Sphenophyllum paranaense'' <small>O. Rösler & Rohn (1984)</small><ref name=IFPNI_Spa>{{Cite web |title=''Sphenophyllum paranaense'' |website=International Fossil Plant Names Index |url=http://www.ifpni.org/species.htm?id=E2097062-843D-986B-1222-CA8A22DE00BF |access-date=2024-02-24 }}</ref> *†''Sphenophyllum pseudotenerrimum'' <small>Sze (1936)</small><ref name=HuanLiuLiuWang22/><ref name=IFPNI_Sps>{{Cite web |title=''Sphenophyllum pseudotenerrimum'' |website=International Fossil Plant Names Index |url=http://www.ifpni.org/species.htm?id=B734562D-9BBA-4560-B1FB-C443E691432A |access-date=2024-02-24 }}</ref> *†''Sphenophyllum radiatum'' <small>Unger (1850)</small><ref name=PDB_249938/><ref name=IFPNI_Sra>{{Cite web |title=''Sphenophyllum radiatum'' |website=International Fossil Plant Names Index |url=http://www.ifpni.org/species.htm?id=871ECFC4-3699-4C28-B218-12752BE459EB |access-date=2024-02-24 }}</ref> *†''Sphenophyllum rhodesii''<ref name=HuanLiuLiuWang22/> *†''Sphenophyllum rotundatum'' <small>T. Halle (1927)</small><ref name=HuanLiuLiuWang22/><ref name=IFPNI_Sro>{{Cite web |title=''Sphenophyllum rotundatum'' |website=International Fossil Plant Names Index |url=http://www.ifpni.org/species.htm?id=C9305129-F17C-3143-BF50-42F889827862 |access-date=2024-02-24 }}</ref> *†''Sphenophyllum schlotheimii'' <small>Brongn. (1828)</small><ref name=HuanLiuLiuWang22/><ref name=IFPNI_Ssc>{{Cite web |title=''Sphenophyllum schlotheimii'' |website=International Fossil Plant Names Index |url=http://www.ifpni.org/species.htm?id=6395B9AC-2BA7-9BB3-FE9C-2027A340D1C2 |access-date=2024-02-24 }}</ref> *†''Sphenophyllum sino-coreanum'' <small>H. Yabe (1922)</small><ref name=HuanLiuLiuWang22/><ref name=IFPNI_Ssi>{{Cite web |title=''Sphenophyllum sino-coreanum'' |website=International Fossil Plant Names Index |url=http://www.ifpni.org/species.htm?id=D4E2CBFA-40C3-AE93-758D-43B4CE865F74 |access-date=2024-02-24 }}</ref> *†''Sphenophyllum stoukenbergi'' <small>Schmalh. (1887)</small><ref name=IFPNI_Sst>{{Cite web |title=''Sphenophyllum stoukenbergi'' |website=International Fossil Plant Names Index |url=http://www.ifpni.org/species.htm?id=9CDA5213-CC37-4BEA-987F-301642424E1B |access-date=2024-02-24 }}</ref> *†''Sphenophyllum subtenerrimum'' <small>Nath. (1902)</small><ref name=IFPNI_Ssu>{{Cite web |title=''Sphenophyllum subtenerrimum'' |website=International Fossil Plant Names Index |url=http://www.ifpni.org/species.htm?id=D30FC40E-A765-4883-B5CB-A953044A855C |access-date=2024-02-24 }}</ref> *†''Sphenophyllum tenuifolium'' <small>Fontaine & I.C. White (1880)</small><ref name=IFPNI_Ste>{{Cite web |title=''Sphenophyllum tenuifolium'' |website=International Fossil Plant Names Index |url=http://www.ifpni.org/species.htm?id=19F79E32-1AA3-096C-9FCC-41DE9B9A1598 |access-date=2024-02-24 }}</ref> *†''Sphenophyllum thonii'' <small>Mahr (1868)</small><ref name=HuanLiuLiuWang22/><ref name=PDB_249938/><ref name=IFPNI_Sth>{{Cite web |title=''Sphenophyllum thonii'' |website=International Fossil Plant Names Index |url=http://www.ifpni.org/species.htm?id=EAE9C7AC-6AFE-4497-887F-052D27D16923 |access-date=2024-02-24 }}</ref> *†''Sphenophyllum utkalensis''<ref name=PDB_249938/> *†''Sphenophyllum verticillatum''<ref name=BioLib_61465/> *†''Sphenophyllum zwickaviense''<ref name=HuanLiuLiuWang22/> <!--These were in the article but no ref has been found to date: *†''Sphenophyllum coemansii'' *†''Sphenophyllum multirame'' *†''Sphenophyllum myriophyllum'' *†''Sphenophyllum plurifoliatum'' -->
==References== {{Reflist|refs= <ref name=BioLib_61465>{{Cite web |title=genus ''Sphenophyllum'' Brogn. † |website=BioLib |url=https://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id61465/ |access-date=2024-02-24 }}</ref>
<ref name=HuanLiuLiuWang22>{{Cite journal |last1=Huang |first1=Pu |last2=Liu |first2=Le |last3=Liu |first3=Lu |last4=Wang |first4=Jia-Shu |last5=Xue |first5=Jin-Zhuang |date=2022 |title=''Sphenophyllum'' Brongniart (Sphenopsida) from the Upper Devonian of South China |journal=Palaeoworld |volume=31 |issue=3 |pages=402–418 |doi=10.1016/j.palwor.2021.09.007 |name-list-style=amp }}</ref>
<ref name=IFPNI_S>{{Cite web |title=''Sphenophyllum'' |website=International Fossil Plant Names Index |url=http://www.ifpni.org/genus.htm?id=09711D68-09A0-4E29-B539-C2D93605BEB6 |access-date=2024-02-24 }}</ref>
<ref name=PDB_249938>{{Cite web |title=†''Sphenophyllum'' König 1825 |website=Paleobiology Database |url=https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=249938 |access-date=2024-02-24 }}</ref> }} {{Commons category|Sphenophyllum}} {{Wikispecies|Sphenophyllum}}
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Category:Horsetails Category:Fossils of Georgia (U.S. state) Category:Paleozoic life of New Brunswick Category:Paleozoic life of Nova Scotia Category:Paleozoic life of Prince Edward Island