{{Short description|1910 design of steam locomotive}} {{About|one of two different Natal Government Railways locomotive types to be designated "Class A"|the other|South African Class 2 4-6-2}} {{Use dmy dates|date=March 2025}} {{Use South African English|date=October 2013}} {{Infobox locomotive | name = NGR Class A 4-6-2 1910<br>South African Class 2C 4-6-2 | image = Class 2C 4-6-2.jpg | alt = | caption = NGR Class A, c. 1910 | hatnote = | powertype = Steam | designer = [[Natal Government Railways]]<br>(D.A. Hendrie) | builder = Natal Government Railways | ordernumber = | serialnumber = | buildmodel = NGR Hendrie C | builddate = 1910 | totalproduction = 2 | rebuilder = | rebuilddate = | numberrebuilt = | whytetype = [[4-6-2]] (Pacific) | uicclass = 2'C1'n2 | driver = 2nd coupled axle | gauge = {{Track gauge|Cape|allk=on}} | leadingdiameter = {{convert|28+1/2|in|mm|0|abbr=on}} | coupleddiameter = {{convert|52+1/2|in|mm|0|abbr=on}} | trailingdiameter = {{convert|30|in|mm|0|abbr=on}} | tenderdiameter = {{convert|30|in|mm|0|abbr=on}} | minimumcurve = | wheelbase = {{convert|52|ft|7+1/2|in|mm|0|abbr=on}} | engine total = {{convert|28|ft|mm|0|abbr=on}} | leading = {{convert|6|ft|mm|0|abbr=on}} | coupled = {{convert|9|ft|6|in|mm|0|abbr=on}} | trailing = | tender total = {{convert|16|ft|6|in|mm|0|abbr=on}} | tenderbogie = {{convert|4|ft|6|in|mm|0|abbr=on}} | pivotcentres = | wheelspacing = | length = | over couplers = {{convert|60|ft|2+1/4|in|mm|0|abbr=on}} | over bufferbeams = | width = | height = {{convert|12|ft|6|in|mm|0|abbr=on}} | frametype = [[Locomotive frame#Plate frames|Plate]] | axleload = {{convert|15|lt|7|lcwt|kg|sigfig=4|abbr=on}} | leadingbogie/pony= {{convert|13|lt|6|lcwt|2|qtr|kg|sigfig=4|abbr=on}} | coupled all = | coupled 1 = {{convert|15|lt|6|lcwt|kg|sigfig=4|abbr=on}} | coupled 2 = {{convert|15|lt|7|lcwt|kg|sigfig=4|abbr=on}} | coupled 3 = {{convert|14|lt|7|lcwt|kg|sigfig=4|abbr=on}} | coupled 4 = | coupled 5 = | coupled 6 = | coupled 7 = | coupled 8 = | trail bogie/pony = {{convert|10|lt|13|lcwt|kg|sigfig=4|abbr=on}} | tenderbogieload = '''Bogie 1:''' {{convert|20|lt|1|lcwt|kg|sigfig=4|abbr=on}}<br>'''Bogie 2:''' {{convert|20|lt|10|lcwt|kg|sigfig=4|abbr=on}} | tenderaxle = {{convert|10|lt|5|lcwt|kg|sigfig=4|abbr=on}} | weightondrivers = {{convert|45|lt|kg|sigfig=4|abbr=on}} | locoweight = {{convert|69|lt|9|lcwt|2|qtr|kg|sigfig=4|abbr=on}} | tenderweight = {{convert|40|lt|11|lcwt|kg|sigfig=4|abbr=on}} | locotenderweight = {{convert|110|lt|0|lcwt|2|qtr|kg|sigfig=4|abbr=on}} | tendertype = [[South African type TJ tender|TJ (2-axle bogies)]] | fueltype = Coal | fuelcap = {{convert|6|lt|t|1|abbr=on}} | watercap = {{convert|3500|impgal|L|sigfig=3|abbr=on}} | tendercap = | sandcap = | fireboxtype = [[Belpaire firebox|Belpaire]] | firearea = {{convert|29|sqft|m2|abbr=on}} | boiler = | pitch = {{convert|7|ft|4|in|mm|0|abbr=on}} | boilertype = | diameterinside = {{convert|5|ft|5/8|in|mm|0|abbr=on}} | lengthinside = {{convert|16|ft|11+1/2|in|mm|0|abbr=on}} | smalltubediameter= '''248:''' {{convert|2|in|mm|0|abbr=on}} | largetubediameter= | boilerpressure = {{convert|185|psi|kPa|0|abbr=on|sigfig=3}} | safetyvalvetype = [[Safety valve#Ramsbottom safety valves|Ramsbottom]] | feedwaterheater = | totalsurface = {{convert|2322|sqft|m2|abbr=on}} | tubearea = {{convert|2201|sqft|m2|abbr=on}} | fluearea = | tubesandflues = | fireboxarea = {{convert|121|sqft|m2|abbr=on}} | superheatertype = | superheaterarea = | cylindercount = Two | cylindersize = {{convert|19|in|mm|0|abbr=on}} bore<br>{{convert|24|in|mm|0|abbr=on}} stroke | frontcylindersize= | rearcylindersize = | hpcylindersize = | lpcylindersize = | valvegear = [[Walschaerts valve gear|Walschaerts]] | valvetype = | valvetravel = | valvelap = | valvelead = | transmission = | trainheating = | locobrakes = | trainbrakes = | safety = | coupling = [[Railway coupling#Johnston coupler|Johnston link-and-pin]]<br>[[Janney coupler|AAR knuckle]] (1930s) | maxspeed = | poweroutput = | tractiveeffort = {{convert|22910|lbf|kN|abbr=on}} @ 75% | factorofadhesion = | locobrakeforce = | operator = Natal Government Railways<br>South African Railways | operatorclass = NGR Class A<br>SAR Class 2C | powerclass = | numinclass = 2 | fleetnumbers = NGR 11-12<br>SAR 765-766 | officialname = | nicknames = ''Hendrie C'' | axleloadclass = | locale = | deliverydate = 1910 | firstrundate = 1910 | lastrundate = | withdrawndate = 1936 | preservedunits = | restoredate = | scrapdate = | currentowner = | disposition = | notes = The 2nd coupled axle had flangeless wheels }}
The '''South African Railways Class 2C 4-6-2''' of 1910 was a steam locomotive from the pre-[[Union of South Africa|Union]] era in the [[Colony of Natal]].
In 1910, the [[Natal Government Railways]] placed two Class A steam locomotives with a [[4-6-2|{{nowrap|4-6-2}}]] Pacific wheel arrangement in service, built in their Durban workshops. In 1912, when these locomotives were assimilated into the South African Railways, they were renumbered and designated {{nowrap|Class 2C}}. The 2A and 2B classifications were never used.<ref name="Holland 1">{{Holland-Vol 1|pages=102-103}}</ref><ref name="SAR&H Aug 1944">Espitalier, T.J.; Day, W.A.J. (1944). ''The Locomotive in South Africa – A Brief History of Railway Development. Chapter III – Natal Government Railways'' (Continued). South African Railways and Harbours Magazine, August 1944. p. 599.</ref><ref name="Espitalier">Espitalier, T.J. (1947). ''Locomotives Designed and Built in South Africa – The S1, in service this month, is not the first locally-built engine.'' South African Railways and Harbours Magazine, October 1947. pp. 841–843.</ref><ref name="SAR Renumber">Classification of S.A.R. Engines with Renumbering Lists, issued by the Chief Mechanical Engineer's Office, Pretoria, January 1912, pp. 7, 12, 15, 35 (Reprinted in April 1987 by SATS Museum, R.3125-6/9/11-1000)</ref><ref name="Paxton-Bourne">{{Paxton-Bourne|page=36}}</ref>
The Class 2C was the second locomotive type to be designed and built in South Africa, after the [[NGR 4-6-2TT Havelock|Natal Government Railways 4-6-2TT ''Havelock'' of 1888]].<ref name="Espitalier"/>
==Manufacturer== When more locomotives were required for passenger traffic on the Natal Government Railways (NGR) mainline on the section between [[Estcourt]] and [[Charlestown, KwaZulu-Natal|Charlestown]] on the Transvaal border, where gradients were less severe than in the coastal region, two {{nowrap|4-6-2}} Pacific type locomotives were built in the Durban workshops of the NGR and equipped with [[South African type TJ tender|Type TJ tenders]]. The locomotive was designed during 1907 by NGR Locomotive Superintendent D.A. Hendrie as a redesigned version of his [[South African Class 2 4-6-2|NGR Class A ''Hendrie A'']] of 1905.<ref name="Holland 1"/><ref name="SAR&H Aug 1944"/><ref name="Espitalier"/><ref name="Paxton-Bourne"/>
==Characteristics== [[File:D.A. Hendrie.jpg|thumb|left|150px|D.A. Hendrie]] The ''Hendrie C'', as it was popularly known, was similar to the Class A ''Hendrie A'' in general proportions, but with [[Walschaerts valve gear]], {{convert|1+1/2|in|mm|0|abbr=off}} larger diameter coupled wheels, a larger boiler with a higher boiler pressure and a more enclosed cab which offered better protection to the crew. They were equipped with Hendrie's steam reversing gear and had wide Belpaire fireboxes, carried down between the rear frames which had been widened by using a bridle casting.<ref name="Holland 1"/><ref name="SAR&H Aug 1944"/><ref name="Espitalier"/><ref name="Paxton-Bourne"/>
The cylinders were mounted horizontally since the Walschaerts valve gear did not require inclined cylinders like those on the Class A ''Hendrie A'' with its [[Stephenson valve gear]]. The coupled wheels were later retyred to a larger diameter, from {{convert|52+1/2|to|54|in|mm|0|abbr=off}}.<ref name="SAR&H Aug 1944"/>
==Service== ===Natal Government Railways=== When they were placed in service in 1910, they were also designated NGR Class A, with engine numbers 11 and 12. The two locomotives joined the two Class A ''Hendrie A'' Pacifics of 1905 on the section from Estcourt to Charlestown.<ref name="Holland 1"/><ref name="SAR&H Aug 1944"/><ref name="Espitalier"/><ref name="Paxton-Bourne"/>
===South African Railways=== When the [[Union of South Africa]] was established on 31 May 1910, the three Colonial government railways ([[Cape Government Railways]], NGR and [[Central South African Railways]]) were united under a single administration to control and administer the railways, ports and harbours of the Union. Although the South African Railways and Harbours came into existence in 1910, the actual classification and renumbering of all the rolling stock of the three constituent railways were only implemented with effect from 1 January 1912.<ref name="SAR Renumber"/><ref name="SAR History">''The South African Railways – Historical Survey''. Editor George Hart, Publisher Bill Hart, Sponsored by Dorbyl Ltd., Published c. 1978, p. 25.</ref>
In 1912, the two locomotives were renumbered 765 and 766 and designated Class 2C on the South African Railways (SAR), after their popular ''Hendrie C'' nickname. The 2A and 2B classifications were never used by the SAR.<ref name="Holland 1"/><ref name="SAR&H Aug 1944"/><ref name="Espitalier"/><ref name="SAR Renumber"/><ref name="Paxton-Bourne"/><ref name="Holland 2">{{Holland-Vol 2|page=137}}</ref>
After serving on the Estcourt to Charlestown section for many years, they were transferred to the Witwatersrand for a short period, after which they were transferred to the section between [[Komatipoort]] and [[Waterval Boven]] in the Eastern Transvaal. Here they worked passenger and fast perishables trains until they were withdrawn and scrapped in 1936.<ref name="Holland 1"/><ref name="Espitalier"/><ref name="Paxton-Bourne"/>
==Illustration== The pictures illustrate two of the NGR liveries which were applied to these locomotives. <gallery mode=packed heights="160px"> File:SAR Klasse 2C.jpg|NGR no. 12, later SAR no. 766, c. 1910 File:Class 2C 4-6-2 no. 11.jpg|NGR no. 11, later SAR no. 765, c. 1912 </gallery>
==References== {{Commons category|South African Class 2C (4-6-2)|South African Class 2C 4-6-2|position=left}} {{Reflist}} {{Locomotives of Natal}} {{Locomotives of South Africa}} {{Steam locomotive tenders}}
[[Category:Steam locomotives of South Africa|1220]] [[Category:D.A. Hendrie locomotives|1220]] [[Category:4-6-2 locomotives]] [[Category:2′C1′ n2 locomotives]] [[Category:NGR shop-built locomotives]] [[Category:Cape gauge railway locomotives]] [[Category:Railway locomotives introduced in 1910]] [[Category:1910 in South Africa]] [[Category:Scrapped locomotives]]