Sorex

{{Short description|Genus of mammals}} {{About|the shrew|the Roman actor|Caius Norbanus Sorex}} {{Automatic taxobox | fossil_range = Late [[Miocene]] to recent | image = MaskedShrew23.jpg | image_caption = [[Cinereus shrew|Cinereous shrew]] (''Sorex cinereus'') | parent_authority = [[Johann Fischer von Waldheim|G. Fischer]], 1814 | taxon = Sorex | authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|1758]] | type_species = ''[[Sorex araneus]]'' | type_species_authority = [[Linnaeus]], 1758 | display_parents = 2 | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = See text | synonyms = *''Microsorex'' }}

The [[genus]] '''''Sorex''''' includes many of the common [[Shrew (animal)|shrews]] of [[Eurasia]] and [[North America]], and contains at least 142 known species and subspecies. Members of this genus, known as '''long-tailed shrews''', are the only members of the tribe '''Soricini''' of the subfamily Soricinae ([[red-toothed shrews]]). They have 32 teeth.

These animals have long, pointed snouts, small ears, which are often not visible, and scent glands located on the sides of their bodies. As their eyesight is generally poor, they rely on hearing and smell to locate their prey, mainly insects. Some species also use [[animal echolocation|echolocation]]. Distinguishing between species without examining the dental pattern is often difficult.

In some species, a female shrew and her dependent young form "caravans", in which each shrew grasps the rear of the shrew in front, when changing location.

==Species== * '''Genus ''Sorex'''''<ref name=msw3>{{MSW3 Hutterer | pages = 282–300}}</ref> – most basal of the genera ** [[Kashmir pygmy shrew]] (''S. planiceps'') – [[India]] and [[Pakistan]] ** [[Tibetan shrew]] (''S. thibetanus'') – endemic to [[China]] * Subgenus ''Otisorex'' – mostly [[North America]]n shrews with a few species found on the [[Kamchatka Peninsula]] and islands in the [[Bering Sea]]. ** [[Chiapan shrew]] (''S. chiapensis'') **[[Cruz's long-tailed shrew]] (''S. cruzi'') **[[Long-tailed shrew]] (''S. dispar'') ***''Sorex dispar blitchi'' ***''Sorex dispar dispar'' **[[Western pygmy shrew]] (''S. eximius'') ***''Sorex eximius eximius'' ***''Sorex eximius montanus'' ** [[Smoky shrew]] (''S. fumeus'') ***''Sorex fumeus fumeus'' ***''Sorex fumeus umbrosus'' ** [[American pygmy shrew|Eastern pygmy shrew]] (''S. hoyi'') ***''Sorex hoyi alnorum'' ***''Sorex hoyi hoyi'' ***''Sorex hoyi thompsoni'' ***''Sorex hoyi winnemana'' ** [[Ibarra shrew]] (''S. ibarrai'') **[[Large-toothed shrew]] (''S. macrodon'') ** [[Sierra shrew]] (''S. madrensis'') **[[McCarthy's shrew]] (''S. mccarthyi'') **[[Carmen Mountain shrew]] (''S. milleri'') ** [[Mutable shrew]] (''S. mutabilis'') **[[Dwarf shrew]] (''S. nanus'') ** [[Mexican long-tailed shrew]] (''S. oreopolus'') ** [[Orizaba long-tailed shrew]] (''S. orizabae'') ** [[Ornate shrew]] (''S. ornatus'') ***''[[Tule shrew|Sorex ornatus juncensis]]'' ***''S. o. lagunae'' ***''S. o. ornatus'' ***''S. o. relictus'' ***''S. o. salarius'' ***''S. o. salicornicus'' ***''S. o. sinuosus'' ***''S. o. willetti'' ** [[Inyo shrew]] (''S. tenellus'') ** [[Verapaz shrew]] (''S. veraepacis'') **[[Ixtlan shrew]] (''Sorex ixtlanensis'') ** ''S. vagrans'' complex *** [[Glacier Bay water shrew]] (''S. alaskanus'') *** [[Eastern water shrew]] (''S. albibarbis'') ****''S. a. gloveralleni'' ****''S. a. labradorensis'' ****''S. a. punctulatus'' ****''S. a. turneri'' ***[[Baird's shrew]] (''S. bairdi'') ****''S. b. bairdi'' ****''S. b. permiliensis'' *** [[Marsh shrew]] (''S. bendirii'') ****''S. b. albiventer'' ****''S. b. bendirii'' ****''S. b. palmeri'' *** [[Montane shrew]] (''S. monticola'') ****''S. m. calvertensis'' ****''S. m. insularis'' ****''S. m. isolatus'' ****''S. m. longicaudus'' ****''S. m. malitiosus'' ****''S. m. parvidens'' ****''S. m. prevostensis'' ****''S. m. setosus'' *** [[New Mexico shrew]] (''S. neomexicanus'') *** [[Northern montane shrew]] (''S. obscurus'') ****''S. m. alascensis'' ****''S. m. elassodon'' ****''S. m. obscurus'' ****''S. m. shumaginensis'' ****''S. m. soperi'' ***[[Pacific shrew]] (''S. pacificus'') ****''S. p. pacificus'' ****''S. p. cascadensis'' *** [[Western water shrew]] (''S. navigator'') ****''S. n. brooksi'' ****''S. n. navigator'' ***[[American water shrew]] (''S. palustris'') ****''S. p. hydrobadistes'' ****''S. p. palustris'' *** [[Fog shrew]] (''S. sonomae'') ****''S. s. sonomae'' ****''S. s. tenelliodus'' *** [[Vagrant shrew]] (''S. vagrans'') ****''S. v. halicoetes'' ****''S. v. paludivagus'' ****''S. v. vagrans'' ** ''S. cinereus'' group *** [[Kamchatka shrew]] (''S. camtschaticus'') *** [[Cinereus shrew|Cinereous shrew]] (''S. cinereus'') ****''S. c. acadicus'' ****''S. c. cinereus'' ****''S. c. hollisteri'' ****''S. c. lesueurii'' ****''S. c. miscix'' ****''S. c. ohioensis'' ****''S. c. streatori'' *** [[Maryland shrew]] (''S. fontinalis'') ***[[Prairie shrew]] (''S. haydeni'') *** [[Saint Lawrence Island shrew]] (''S. jacksoni'') *** [[Paramushir shrew]] (''S. leucogaster'') *** [[Southeastern shrew]] (''S. longirostris'') *** [[Mount Lyell shrew]] (''S. lyelli'') *** [[Portenko's shrew]] (''S. portenkoi'') *** [[Preble's shrew]] (''S. preblei'') *** [[Pribilof Island shrew]] (''S. pribilofensis'') *** [[Olympic shrew]] (''S. rohweri'') *** [[Barren ground shrew]] (''S. ugyunak'') * Subgenus ''Sorex'' ** [[Dneper common shrew]] (''S. averini'') ** [[Lesser striped shrew]] (''S. bedfordiae'') ** [[Greater stripe-backed shrew]] (''S. cylindricauda'') ** [[Chinese highland shrew]] (''S. excelsus'') ** [[Azumi shrew]] (''S. hosonoi'') ** [[Chinese shrew]] (''S. sinalis'') ** [[Alaska tiny shrew]] (''S. yukonicus'') ** ''S. alpinus'' group *** [[Alpine shrew]] (''S. alpinus'') *** [[Ussuri shrew]] (''S. mirabilis'') ** ''S. araneus'' group *** [[Valais shrew]] (''S. antinorii'') *** [[Common shrew]] (''S. araneus'') *** [[Udine shrew]] (''S. arunchi'') *** [[Crowned shrew]] (''S. coronatus'') *** [[Siberian large-toothed shrew]] (''S. daphaenodon'') ****''S. d. daphaenodon'' ****''S. d. sanguinidens'' ****''S. d. scaloni'' *** [[Iberian shrew]] (''S. granarius'') *** [[Caucasian shrew]] (''S. satunini'') ** ''S. arcticus'' group *** [[Arctic shrew]] (''S. arcticus'') ****''S. a. arcticus'' ****''S. a. laricorum'' *** [[Maritime shrew]] (''S. maritimensis'') ** ''S. tundrensis'' *** [[Tien Shan shrew]] (''S. asper'') *** [[Gansu shrew]] (''S. cansulus'') *** [[Tundra shrew]] (''S. tundrensis'') ** ''S. minutus'' group *** [[Buchara shrew]] (''S. buchariensis'') *** [[Kozlov's shrew]] (''S. kozlovi'') *** [[Caucasian pygmy shrew]] (''S. volnuchini'') ****''S. v. dahli'' ****''S. v. volnuchini'' ** ''S. caecutiens'' group *** [[Laxmann's shrew]] (''S. caecutiens'') *** [[Taiga shrew]] (''S. isodon'') *** [[Eurasian least shrew]] (''S. minutissimus'') *** [[Eurasian pygmy shrew]] (''S. minutus'') *** [[Flat-skulled shrew]] (''S. roboratus'') *** [[Shinto shrew]] (''S. shinto'') ****''S. s. sadonis'' ****''S. s. shikokensis'' ****''S. s. shinto'' *** [[Long-clawed shrew]] (''S. unguiculatus'') ** ''S. gracillimus'' group *** [[Slender shrew]] (''S. gracillimus'') ** ''S. raddei'' *** [[Radde's shrew]] (''S. raddei'') ** ''S. samniticus'' *** [[Apennine shrew]] (''S. samniticus'') * Subgenus ''[[incertae sedis]]'' ** [[Alto shrew]] (''S. altoensis'') – Mexico **[[Arizona shrew]] (''S. arizonae'') – [[United States]] ([[Arizona]], [[New Mexico]]) [[Mexico]] ([[Chihuahua (state)|Chihuahua]]) ** [[Zacatecas shrew]] (''S. emarginatus'') – Mexico ** [[Jalisco shrew]] (''S. mediopua'') – Mexico **[[Merriam's shrew]] (''S. merriami'') – Western United States ([[Washington (state)|Washington]], [[Oregon]], [[California]], [[Idaho]], [[Nevada]], [[Utah]], Arizona, New Mexico, [[Wyoming]], [[Colorado]]) ** [[Saussure's shrew]] (''S. saussurei'') – Mexico and [[Guatemala]] ***''S. s. godmani'' ***''S. s. saussurei'' ** [[Salvin's shrew]] (''S. salvini'') – Mexico and Guatemala **[[Sclater's shrew]] (''S. sclateri'') – Mexico ** [[San Cristobal shrew]] (''S. stizodon'') – Mexico ** [[Trowbridge's shrew]] (''S. trowbridgii'') – [[Pacific]] Coast United States (Washington, Oregon, California) [[Canada]] (southern [[British Columbia]]) ***''S. t. destructioni'' ***''S. t. humboldtensis'' ***''S. t. mariposae'' ***''S. t. montereyensis'' ***''S. t. trowbridgii'' ** [[Chestnut-bellied shrew]] (''S. ventralis'') – Mexico ** [[Veracruz shrew]] (''S. veraecrucis'') – Mexico ***''S. v. oaxacae'' ***''S. v. veraecrucis''

==References== {{Reflist}}

[[Category:Sorex| ]] [[Category:Mammal genera]] [[Category:Red-toothed shrews]] [[Category:Animals that use echolocation]] [[Category:Mammals described in 1758]] [[Category:Animal taxa named by Carl Linnaeus]]